Based on the history, the first person discovers Malacca is Parameswara in 1403 A.D. After he found Malacca, this country grew into such a great empire in the Malay Archipelago and Malacca achieved its height of glory at the beginning the middle of the 15th century. When the time passes, the golden ages of Malacca ended in the year of 1511 which is after the Portuguese attack. The fall of the Malacca kingdom is affected by two factors which are internal factor and external factor. Internal factor
According to legend, the Emperor of China sent a princess, Hang Li Po, to the Sultan of Malacca as a token of appreciation for his tribute. The royalty and servants who accompanied the princess initially settled in Bukit Cina and eventually grew into a class of Straits-born Chinese known as the Peranakans. Due to economic hardships at mainland China, waves of immigrants from China settled in Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. Some of them embraced the local customs, while still retaining some degree
Maimun, nd.). There were several major oil spill incidents involving oil tankers in the Strait of Malacca from 1976 to 1999. Examples of such spills are Diego Silang (1976), Asian (1977), M. T. Ocean Treasure (1981), Mv. Pantas (1986), Nagasaki Spirit (1992), An Tai (1997), and Sun Vista (1999). There is several reasons lead to the Straits highly vulnerable to oil spills. First reason is Straits of Malacca is a major international tanker route transport crude oil from Middle East to Northeast Asian.
The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is a complex environment, in which four continents border and many countries operate (Bhaskar & Kemp, 2011). Maritime security of the IOR is an extremely broad area of concern. It covers everything from terrorism, the physical security of ports and ships, right through to the security of energy resources into the future (Brewster, et al., 2013). The principal maritime security challenges of the IOR include maritime borders/ disputes, energy and mineral resources security
LINKAGES BETWEEN MARITIME PIRACY AND TERRORISM Author: Aditi Chatterjee* MOTIVATIONS Maritime piracy and terrorism have often been used interchangeably and there exists an on-going debate about their definition and legal meaning. The 1958 Geneva Convention on High Seas defines piracy as, “any illegal act of violence, detention or any act of depredation, committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft, and directed on the high seas against another
“Islamization was a process not an event and it still continues as Islam seeks deeper roots and greater influence.” (Ricklefs et al., 2010) In this essay, I will be looking at the adoption of Islam in Island South East Asia, how it spread over time and why the people of this region converted to Islam. Islam is a religious practice dating back to the Prophet Muhammad in approximately the year 570 in Mecca, the followers of this religion are called Muslims. There are 5 central rules in Islam, called
INDEPENDENCE OF MALAYA Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia. Every 31st of August, Malaysians celebrate their independence day. Prior to achieving its independence, Malaysia had had been under foreign rule for 446 years (1511-1957), first by the Portuguese, then the Dutch, followed by the British, and finally the Japanese. Colonialists’ attempt to control the economy and politics of the country, the imposition of taxes, violation of local customs and practices, arrogance and compulsion
(Piagam Keadilan) in Penang in year 1807. Nevertheless, it has been started during the Malay Sultanate era which at that time the role of police officer carried by the Temenggong. Modern and systematic police institution establishment have started in Penang on 25 March 1807 which became starting point to emergence of police force in this country. The term police had been introduced when the Dutch conquered Malacca. Since then, the roles of police became important in order to protect and help the administrator
MOSQUE IN MALAYSIA 2.1 Introduction The Mosque is the symbol of the great of Islamic. The development of the mosque was grown base of adifferent culture and country, but still have a same function and goals. The demise of development of the mosque was started during Prophet Muhammad (peace upon to him) through to four main Islam dynasties. There are included Ummayad dynasties, Abbasid dynasties, Fatimid dynasties, Safavids dynasties and Ottoman dynasties. In this chapter, the researcher will
called as Jalada, which means to strike with repeated strokes, as with a strap, rod or a lash In Malaysia, the religion of Islam is spread by Indian traders from the West Asia significantly during the era of Malacca Sultanate. Consequently, Islam slowly became the state religion of Malacca. Islam was enforced together with the existing Malay customary law. During this time, Islamic criminal law was administered according to the Syariah law and the criminal offender was punished based on Islamic
Abu Lughod devotes a lot of attention to the Mongols (and the Northeast Passage) (153), Sindbad’s Way (Baghdad and the Persian Gulf) (185), and Cairo’s Monopoly under the Slave Sultanate (212). The Mongols contributed to the World System and served as crucial evidence for the case that Central Asia, at least for a moment, was truly “central” to world history. The Mongols were a key player in linking Europe and Asia and served as
would sail the Indian Ocean, South and Southeast of Asia and the Spice Islands into the world system. The Swahili coast of East Africa, both North Africa and West Africa and the joined the system. In addition a town known in Swahili as the Kilwa Sultanate, had organized a system of trade with other towns in the interior. They towns would trade food
two years pillaging any rival European ships that were to harbor there. Returning to Britain in 1594 and relaying the news of this newly found area, the British would not become a major participant in Penang’s history until 1786 with the Malay Sultanate of Kedah. During this time, the Burmese and the Siamese armies had increasingly threatened the Sultan of Penang forcing him to cut a deal with then Captain of the British Navy in the Southeast Asia region Francis Light. Captain Francis Light, while
Introduction Malaysia was once a colonized land and known as Malaya back then. Malaysia is one of the Commonwealth countries, which means Malaysia was one of the British colonies. Malaysia was under British powers for approximately 446 years (from 1511 until 1957) The Portuguese, Dutch, British, Japanese & even Siamese had colonized Malaya before. 1. Portuguese: 1511-1641 2. Dutch: 1641-1824 3. British: 1824-1942, 1945-1957 4. Siamese: 1821-1909 5. Japanese: 1942-1945 The British first came in
Singapore. Is it an island, a city, or a state? Surprisingly, this exotic sounding name applies to all three. The island is a diamond shape. It is a diamond in the sea, sparkling with bright lights at night, and a gem of great value to the world with its important port, and financial center of the world. It is one of the largest in the world. It is necessary for Senior Enlisted Leaders (SEL) to understand the importance of economics and the military strategic for the United States military