Introduction Lebanon is characterized by cultural identity of ethnic and religious diversity owing to its location at the crossroad of Arabian hinterland and Mediterranean Basin (Choueiri, 2013). Following the country’s independence from France in the year 1943, the “confessionalism” political system was established allowing for power sharing between different religious communities located in the region. The capital city of Lebanon, Beirut, serves as a regional center for trade and finance. Since
Lebanon Lebanon, a nation that once proudly called itself the Switzerland of the Middle East, is today a country in name only. Its government controls little more than half of the nation's capital, Beirut. Its once-vibrant economy is a shambles. And its society is fragmented - so fragmented, some believe, that it may be impossible to re-create a unified state responsive to the needs of all its varied peoples. Lebanon lies on the eastern shore of the Mediterranea n Sea, in that part of southwestern
Back in the early 90's, when the civil war ended in Lebanon, the major part of the buildings and streets were completely deteriorated. Thousands of people were homeless and thousands lost their jobs. Some preferred to stay in Lebanon, and some migrated to other countries to seek and build a new life. Surprisingly, the Syrians in Lebanon were the main force that had led to the renovation of Lebanon. Afterwards, families of those Syrian workers started to migrate and concentrate mainly in Beirut. Nowadays
Lebanon: A Brief Cultural Overview Lebanon’s rich history has been shaped by many cultural traditions, including Phoenician, Greek, Roman, Islamic, Crusader, Ottoman Turkish, French, and recently American. The resulting culture is distinctively Lebanese, a combination of East and West, past and present. Music Folk music and dancing have a long tradition and are very popular. The national dance, the dabke, is an energetic folk dance that has influenced many European and American folk dances. Classical
Another day another bombing; an all to common story in Lebanon these days. So, is Lebanon on the brink? The easy answer, yes. The more complicated one? Well, the Lebanese are very resilient people, akin to a phoenix that rises from the ashes, only to burn up in flames again. With the proliferation of attacks over the last year --- car bombings, political assassinations, suicide attacks and the never-ending cycle of violence in the streets of the Northern city of Tripoli --- the flimsy barriers that
flooding with trash. It had been mounting since the contract between the government and Sukleen, a private company which had exclusive rights for garbage collection, had expired on 17 July 2015. Moreover, since 1997 garbage from Beirut and Mount Lebanon had been transported to Na’ameh, originally as a temporary measure. Since 2014, the residents of Na’ameh had been demanding for the closing of the dumpsite. Since no progress had been made, in the summer of 2015 they blocked the access to the dumpsite
artifacts were found in the soils of Lebanon ? Why were there Lebanese citizens who were buried in tombs that had Greek carvings ? Was Lebanon a Greek occupation or was it a Hellenic vacation spot ?! When Darius perceived the fierce attack of Alexander, he turned his chariot around and was the first to flee, abandoning all of his soldiers and his property to be taken by Alexander. After Darius' loss to Alexander at Gaugamela, the Persian Empire, which included Lebanon, Iran, Armenia, Syria, Israel, Turkey
political system of consociationalism crumbled into the sectarian war in 1975. The Lebanese civil war had multidimensional facets; at one end, the war was between the Christian community and the Islamic community and at another end, the proximity of Lebanon to Israel and Syria influenced their involvement in the civil war. Some critics contend that the Lebanese civil war was part of greater Arab-Israeli conflict. The formation of the Arab league complicated the association of the Zionist nation with
Products in the Middle East 1. Disney Consumer Products Middle East was interested in Lebanon, which has only one million children and teenagers and not Egypt, which has a much larger population, due to the following reasons; a. The literacy rate in Lebanon was much higher than the literacy rate of the populations of other Arab states in the Middle East at that time. b. The population of Lebanon was more familiar with western products, which included the Disney products. In reference
nights, but with all that said, what does Lebanon pertain? Lebanon has long been known and envied for its water. Other than being located on a marvelous landscape, the water in Lebanon is valued by all its citizens and is considered a national treasure and wealth. We are then forced to pose the following problematic, how would things have been if not for Lebanon’s water supply and such? The water serves as a rational and intrinsic supply material in Lebanon, as well as proving to be a great means and
the First Lebanon War. Former Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak himself stated, “When we entered Lebanon…there was no Hezbollah. We were accepted with perfumed rice and flowers by the Shia in the south. It was our presence there that created Hezbollah.” They are the product of a radical Shiite movement with the assistance of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard. Their manifesto was declared on February 16, 1985. One of their major goals included ending the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon. Early
Syrian intervention was the saver for Lebanon from the war. Lebanese civil war was bloody war and complex conflict, which lasted for more than 16 years and 7 months in Lebanon (April 13, 1975 - Oct 13 1990). Additionally, the roots of the conflicts, comes from the political compromises in the French mandate time over Lebanon and Syria. It returned to appear because of population (demographic) change in Lebanon and the Islamic- Christian religious conflict, as well as rapprochement between Syria
Almost three decades since it was originally conceived, Tony Gilroy’s screenplay for (“Bourne,” “Michael Clayton”) “Beirut” has finally become a final product. Directed by Brad Anderson (“The Machinist,” “Transsiberian“), “Beirut” creative origins can be traced to 1991. Unfortunately for Gilroy, the script never could find its footing and would be eventually scrapped. Keeping in mind the year and socio-political atmosphere of “Beirut’s” origins, It’s no surprise that the final product comes across
able to re-enforce its fanatical military wing while maintaining a productive infrastructure. (Hezbollah – Capabilities And Role In The Middle East (Full Documentary)) Hezbollah’s origins took hold in 1982 when Israel invaded the southern border of Lebanon in the attempt to remove the Palestinian Liberation Organization out
established during the first Lebanon war in 1982 by Iran and with assistance of Syria, Hezbollah is a Lebanese Shi’ite Muslim terrorist organization which emerged from Baalbek district of Lebanon Bekaa valley. Hezbollah immediately gain the acceptance of the Shia population in south Lebanon specially Beirut. Hezbollah has been inspired by a group of young Iranian who were member of the Iranian Islamic Revolution; their goal was either expelling or killing of the Israeli who are in Lebanon through excessive
organizations that make this statement true, it’s hard to ignore Hezbollah. Hezbollah, also known as Hizbullah, or Hizballah, is a Shi'a Islamic militant group and political party established and residing in Lebanon. Hezbollah, meaning “Party of God”, was created out of a volatile time in Lebanon. Lebanon in the 1970s was a collection of warring factions within the country. Palestinian guerrillas, Shiite Muslims, right-wing Christian Phalangists and leftist Sunni Muslims fought alongside as well as against
Refugee Crisis has grown to be the largest refugee crisis of modern history with two million Syrians who have fled and five million displaced still inside Syrian borders. (5) The refugee crisis is causing many economic issues in countries like Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, and others, scarcity in essential resources such as water, overcrowding, and also many social issues in countries where Syrians are taking refuge. Not only is The Syrian Refugee Crisis having a devastating impact on Syrians themselves, but
The United Nations (UN) has estimated that the two and a half year long Civil War in Syria has lead to more than one hundred thousand deaths in the region. The continued conflict in Syria has caused the UN to stop updating the death toll in Syria because they have found that information from Syria and the surrounding region is no longer verifiable (UNCHR, 2014). The UN’s Refugee Agency (UNCHR) (2014) has noted that 2.4 million Syrians have registered as refugees, but they estimate that there are
Hezbollah “State within the Sate” Historical background Hezbollah (the party of god) is a Shiite political and military group, created in early 1980s during the Israel invasion of Lebanon. The 1975 Lebanese civil war, Israel’s occupation of Lebanon in 1978, and 1979 revolution of Iran played the main role in shaping of the group’s views. The groups of students who returned from Iraq in 1970s were inspired by the 1960s and 1970s shiite revival movements of Southern Iraq. They urged on mobilization
forth many thoughts and actions that have affected how this issue will finally be played out, and how it could end. Hezbollah was established in 1982 using Iranian support with finances. The group was initiated as a retaliation of Israel invading Lebanon. Their basic belief is against Judaism, through their interpretation of the Koran. Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah is the Secretary-General of Hezbollah. He is the chief decision maker for parliamentary and political choices. Soon after the formation, they