A multi ion beam sputtering technique can be used to successfully fabricate ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT). This technique is very advantageous in that the ion beam current and voltage can be attuned which allows for the control of flux density and energy of sputtered materials. This technique also offers lower operating pressures during deposition, controllable deposition, and outstanding uniformity over larger areas, reproducibility, and localized plasma within an ion source. Ion
A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is invisible but is responsible for the most notable property of a magnet: a force that pulls on other ferromagnetic, such as iron, and attracts or repels other Magnets Types of commercial magnets: Neodymium magnets: Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB).This type of magnet is composed of rare earth magnetic material, and has a high coercive force. They have an extremely high energy product range, up to 50 MGOe. Because
ABSTRACT Tactile sensing is acquiring information via physical contact. Various parameters like pressure, position, temperature, shape, texture etc. can be measured using this. Despite being one of the five most crucial senses by which a being perceives its environment, comparatively not a lot of research has been done in this field with a scope of application in industries, especially robotics. This paper aims at briefly discussing the various techniques used in tactile sensing and then compares
scanning and Phased-array, usually used in cardiac scanning.(Gibbs et al, 2009) Design of Transducer Transducers contain the crystal lead zirconate titanate, designed and fitted into the probe in thin, rectangular slabs referred to as elements. A conducting layer of silver covers the front and back faces of each element forming electrodes and having electrical leads attached where the alternating voltage is applied.(Fairhead and Whittingham, 2012) Based on the piezoelectric effect, the transducer’s