biochips. Direct write laser micromachining is illustrated in figure 3a. In direct write laser micromachining process, the laser beam is focused to a small spot using a lens and either the beam or the sample (or both) are moved around to produce the desired pattern. Generally this process uses a laser with a Gaussian beam profile. Because of the good beam quality and a low M2 factor, it allows the beam to be focused to a small spot using simple optical components and give the beam fluence at focus that
Strong standards are in place for the safe use of lasers and laser systems. The backbone of any safety program is the continuous effort of management and employees to follow established safety protocols. Only through a strong support for training education this can be achieved. Simple use of safety guards and protection glasses can dramatically decrease the risk to workers Accuracy - Improvement of accuracy has been a central topic in laser beam machining. Short pulses over a longer period of time
down in such a way as to scan the entire 4m width of the road surface with 1mm resolution. This configuration allows the direct measurement of many different types of surface defects by simultaneously acquiring high resolution 3D and intensity data. Laser Crack Measurement System (LCMS) is able to work with traffic flow (speed up to 100 Km/hr) that cause massive time and accident reduction (due to not closing the road lane through inspection period) and LCMS can determine the following pavement characteristics: