in a given language (Aliakbari & Toni, 2008). Oyetade (1995) defines address terms as words or expressions used in interactive and face-to-face situations to designate the person being talked to. Address terms in different speech communities are worthy of study, address terms seem to be influenced by culture (Fitch, 1991; Morford, 1997). Zhang (2011) maintains that “Culture and language are closely linked. Language is the carrier of culture, culture is reflected through language. Language is the presentation
Millenniums and centuries ago the Persian Empire illuminated the World. Nowadays, the powerful Persian Empire has been replaced for the weak Islamic Republic of Iran. Astonishingly, through the centuries Iranians were able to keep parts of their identity. Unfortunately, the Islamist Republic has sought to prevent Iranians to keep any identity different to Islam’s. The images in this documentary will help you acquire a better idea of the major changes in the Persian individual and identity through
shocks. My cultural identity has been determined by my language, tradition, and
people; from which was later derived the name ERAN meaning the land of the Aryans (Renaming 2007). Westerners used the name “Persia” whenever they mentioned Iran (Renaming 2007). In 1935, Reza
In the country of Iran, an abundance of diversity defines their culture. Using the United States Army’s operational variables, this paper will define the culture of Iran by analyzing the environmental, political, religious, and military operational variables, as well as their military conflicts with the United States. The U.S. Army uses the operational variables
In the 1970's a great power struggle began in Iran, leading to a profusion of civil unrest and mass emigration. In 1941 Iranian monarch Reza Shah, was removed from power by the United States and replaced by his son, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who Westernized the highly conservative and religious nation. He continued implementing the Westernized laws set by his father, which were known to "discouraged democratic political expression in the public sphere" and condemned Islamic fundamentalism
individuals abide by comprise the framework of a culture. Culture is the shared beliefs and social norms of a country or area that are different from other places. In the country of Iran, an abundance of diversity defines their culture. Using the United States Army’s operations variables, this paper will define the culture of Iran by analyzing the environmental, political, religious, and military operational variables, as well as their military conflicts with the United States. The
of the classical Persian language and its acceptance as the second primary Islamic language of high culture. This development of the Persian language in turn led to the writing of many of the Islamic civilization’s greatest works of poetry, philosophy, biography, history, and religion in Persian. However at the same time Arabic continued to be a major literary language, and the oldest Persian works were based on translations from the Arabic language. The Islamization Iran was a long process by which
Iran is one of the World’s oldest countries. There is evidence of settlements in Iran that go almost 5,000 years ago. Land of green valleys and barren deserts in the Middle East of Asia. Tehran is the capital and country largest city. Know first as the Persian Empire not only Iran but in a vast territory of southwestern Asia and parts of Europe and Africa. Foreign powers have occupied Iran from time to time since the early years. The most important invasion is the one of the mid 600’s when Muslim
Analysis of Kurdish Geopolitics Past and Present Who are the Kurds? Most of us have heard about them but don’t know who they are. Are they a race, a religion, a country? As we see from the following example, even Europeans who are much closer to the Kurds still do not have a complete understanding of the Kurds or the middle east in general: In the West, the left and liberal minded people in general, especially in the Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon countries, have usually supported or at least expressed
the popularity of this program comes from, incentives from the government for researching lesson study. Lesson study may be conducted for preservice teachers, governmental or locally supported school programs (Fernandez & Yushida, 2012). However, in Iran, study lesson project has been only presented as an educational program during recent years for state and in-service teachers. This program has its own limitations. For example, Ono and Ferreira (2010) reported that running lesson study program relies
Ten years ago I came to America from my native homeland of Iran. I came to America as a woman with very little skills, and knowledge of the culture, and with a major language barrier to overcome. One major reason for me leaving my homeland was because wives, mothers, and daughters even in today 's culture and society are still looked upon as homemakers, minorities, and second-class citizens. Upon arriving to America, I knew having little money and a lack of family support, I felt as if my future
and go to the place that I didn’t know anything about. I was born in Iran, my language, and all of my memories are from Iran. My parents move from our country to Virginia, four years ago, so they no longer worry about their children’s future. My whole world change so quickly. When my twin sister and I started going to Marshall High School we were completely bewildered. I was trying to manage myself to learn everything. In Iran I was going to an advanced private high school where I was in the honor
The Silent Bombs of Iran Yasamyn Ghafourian It is often said people utilized literature as a form of freedom of expression especially when they have been oppressed and silenced. People were systematically silenced for having different ideologies than the new government. After the Iranian revolution, the government utilized Islamic religion to influence the changes of the new system. They restricted all the medias that did not have their same beliefs, and the freedom of speech was no longer available
Introduction Pedagogical grammar is a rather new concept that has been applied by a number of language instructors to impart new language knowledge to students (Nordquist 2011, p. 1). The teaching methodology has its own structures in the sense that it is divided into two aspects: the first talks about the grammatical composition of language while the second talks about the articulation of language rules (of the new language). In comprehensively analyzing how the teaching methodology works, it is important
A- Plan of the investigation What influence did the SAVAK have on citizens in Iran during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah? How were controversial authors, poets, and other political revolutionaries who were critical of the SAVAK treated, and what consequences did these enlightened revolutionaries have to suffer with the SAVAK? This investigation seeks to discuss the influence of the SAVAK in Iran, and the circumstances under which revolutionaries were oppressed by the SAVAK. The main body of the
demands of another. In this case, the United States and the European Union, among others, have been trying to negotiate, even coerce, Iran into giving up its nuclear arms program. For the most part, Iran has not been willing to negotiate much. In fact, Iran is often described as being defiant against the world. Will this defiance cause a war to be started with Iran? The chances are good that a war could take place, but the chances are just as good that political leaders will find another way to deal
first pilgrims” (391). Furthermore, most Americans are not aware that about one-third of the United States was initially Spanish controlled and subsequently left Spanish influence on the language and the people that inhabited the southern region (391). It is rather odd that there is still a strong anti-Spanish language sentiment in the south, the original stomping grounds of the first (Spanish) pilgrims. Let’s explore why. In 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement or NAFTA allowed for Canada,
One World: For Children foundation to help people in her past situation (Barnes 394).Betty knows the hardship of the onerous situation and wants to help others as much as she can (Barnes 397).Betty Mahmoody, a women who escaped captivity in 1986 from Iran, assists other people that have similar situations as her; in addition to, wives currently held captive by their husbands in a foreign country, wives seeking protection from their husbands when they return to the U.S., wives who want to divorce their
repression that ultimately involved foreign nations. One such group was the Kurdish people living in Iraq. Originally living in the nation of Kurdistan, a nation eliminated by the Allied Powers after World War I, over 20 million Kurds lived in parts of Iran, Iran, Turkey, and Syria (PBS). The Kurds were often used as pawns in Middle Eastern polit... ... middle of paper ... ...q. Hussein spent months in hiding, however he was later found. He was charged with genocide, crimes against humanity, and war