Langmuir adsorption model assumesthat adsorption occurs at specific homogeneous adsorption sites onthe adsorbent surface and intermolecular forces decrease rapidlywith the distance from the adsorption surface. The model further basedon the assumption that all the adsorption sites are energeticallyidentical and adsorption occurs on a structurally homogeneousadsorbent. The Langmuir (Hadi et al., 2010) non-linear form is pre-sented in Eq. (6).which may be unfavourable (RL > 1), linear (RL = 1), favorable
Batch study was conducted in order to determine the optimal initial pH and it was selected to be 4. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm model presented satisfactory fit with the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity onto SSBP-PA after 6 hour at 25oC could reach 204 and 192 mg/g for RB21 and RB5, respectively. The adsorption process of RB21 and RB5 onto
(VDW-P) model (van der Waals and Platteeuw, 1959) led to several thermodynamic models for predicting hydrate formation and/or dissociation conditions. The VDW-P model was derived which was based on the similarity between the hydrate formation and Langmuir adsorption. However, both the mechanisms are different, even if the adsorption mechanism is able to explain the nonstoichiometric feature of hydrates. A brief discussion on the VDW-P hydrate model Following were the assumptions based on which VDW-P
The religious tension between Christians and Jews can only be describes as potent and toxic in the eleventh century. The emergence of Jewish ritual murder, or blood libel, was just one of the ingredients involved in the messy upheaval of Jewish life, culminated by the Crusades. The Life and Passion of William of Norwich by Thomas of Monmouth is considered the founding texts that document a blood libel. Thomas of Monmouth chronicles the events leading to William’s murder, as well as all the supposed
Everyone has heard the expression "curiosity killed the cat." That is to say, the search for new wisdom can often have unpleasant consequences; a child curious about the kitchen stove is bound to get burned. This is exactly what Kurt Vonnegut demonstrates in Cat's Cradle with the example of ice-nine, which is developed by the fictional creator of the atom bomb, Felix Hoenikker. It is symbolic of the atom bomb in that it has the power to end human life. Hoenikker is obviously an exceedingly smart
decade that are highlighting the cytotoxicity of AuNPs [3,4]. Some researchers have been demonstrated that the different toxicity pattern of AuNPs obtained from different... ... middle of paper ... ... situ synthesized discrete Au nanoparticles. Langmuir 2012; 28: 5947−5955. [23] Iosin M, Toderas F, Baldeck PL, Astilean S, Study of protein–gold nanoparticle conjugates by fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. J Mol Struct 2009; 196: 924–926. [24] Chen PC, Mwakwari SC, Oyelere AK. Gold
The Kurt Vonnegut Mentality Kurt Vonnegut is an author that isn’t afraid to question and critique major establishments. Vonnegut question those intentions of religion, whether they are in reality working in good faith or in dehumanizing people and taking away from their ability to grow and have their own opinions. In his works, Vonnegut doesn’t steer clear from examining the pointlessness of warfare, the ability to escape your current reality, religion and the immoral aspects of science. Vonnegut’s
The advancement of humanity requires constant effort to know the unknown. Chemists do the interesting job of studying the composition of matter and its properties. Investigating what constitutes the things around us and extracting the useful knowledge from it has always proved beneficial to mankind. I became fascinated by studying chemistry during my last two years of high school. Pursuing my interest, in 2006, I started my bachelors program at Taibah University. Madinah, Saudi Arabia, then in 2012
defines anti-Semitism as “hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group”. The terms anti-Judaism and anti-Semitism have been discussed for years and yet still no concrete definition for either exists. Gavin Langmuir, a historian during the WWII time period, describes anti-Judaism as oppositions towards Judaism since it is an inferior religion and therefore opposes anyone who practices it. Anti-Judaism consists of accusations that hold some truth, just a difference
typical surfactant adsorption isotherm frequently seen for the adsorption of ionic surfactants on oppositely charged surfaces is commonly divided into four regions,9, 10 the shape of a typical adsorption isotherm of a nonionic surfactant follows Langmuir equation. Unlike ionic surfactants, the adsorption isotherms of nonionic surfactants do not have clear transition points. At very low concentration, nonionic surfactant monomers adsorb via Admicelle Hemimicelle Micelle (formed in solution) Inverse
in the presence of added water due to inhibiting effect of water. The maximum conversion of 94.5 % was observed at optimum reaction conditions. Thus, the ion exchange catalyst was found to be very effective for the methyl butyrate synthesis. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson Dual Site (considering reactants and products adsorbed on catalyst surface) heterogeneous model could be successfully applied for representing esterification kinetics for the reaction between butyric acid and methanol.
(1966-1971), and he w... ... middle of paper ... ...nnection between chemistry and physics. The work of Ernest Rutherford, H. G. J. Moseley, and Niels Bohr on atomic structure (see atom) was applied to molecular structures. G. N. Lewis, Irving Langmuir, and Linus Pauling developed the electronic theory of chemical bonds, directed valency, and molecular orbitals (see molecular orbital theory). Transmutation of the elements, first achieved by Rutherford, has led to the creation of elements not
the water film, then the dissociation of the H2S (ads-liq) into ions concluding with the surface reaction with oxygen functional group. Assuming the equilibrium isotherm to behave linearly, I’ve considered the Thomas model (Thomas, 1944), that uses Langmuir isotherm for equilibrium and 2nd order reversible reaction kinetics based on ion exchange theory. Image courtesy: google/images/activated carbon The expression for adsorption kinetics is described as
possibilities, there are still great concerns on how this awesome power will affect the world. Weather Modification (WM) began in the mid 1940s with three scientists at the General Electric Laboratory. Vincent Schaefer, Bernard Vonnegut, and Irving Langmuir conducted various experiments in precipitation management. Their studies showed that the use of dry ice and silver iodide in supercooled stratus clouds acted as “seeds” for rain and snow making. Simply put, seeding is the introduction of crystalline
B 2002, 106, 7458-7462 12. Guardia P. et al. Plasmon Dynamics in Colloidal Au2Cd Alloy–CdSe Core/Shell Nanocrystals. ACS Nano, 2013, 7 (2), pp 1045–1053 13. Lu et al. Synthesis of Core/Shell Nanoparticles of Au/CdSe via Au-Cd Bialloy Precursor. Langmuir 2005, 21, 3684-3687 14. Haldar et al. Hybrid Colloidal Au-CdSe Pentapod Heterostructures Synthesis and Their Photocatalytic Properties. Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2012, 4, 6266-6272 15. AbouZeid K. M., Mohamed M B, and El-Shall M S. Hybrid Au–CdSe and
anti-Semitism originates from the ‘left hand of Christology’, it will become apparent through analysing Nazi ideology and propaganda how early Christian anti-Judaism is repeated in the Nazi depiction of the Jews. Conversely, it is counter argued by Langmuir that Nazi anti-Semitism differed from early Christian anti-Judaism and therefore was not a continuation of anti-Judaism. He contends that despite the medieval church referring to the Jews as blind to the truth and the symbol of disbelief, medieval
In this analytic research paper, the famous Nobel Prize Winner, Linus Pauling, will be the center of attention through the exploration of several aspects in his life. The prelude of this paper will be a brief historical perspective of Pauling’s upbringing, schooling, and academia. Proceeding is an overview of key individuals who impacted Pauling’s life and journey to his achievements. After seeing the individuals who impacted Pauling; his individual awards and Nobel Prize achievements will be analyzed
General Electric Life as we know it today is primarily the result of the innovation of modern marvels from the most pivotal company of the 19th century. General Electric,GE, happens to be one of the most innovated companies of all times, with groundbreaking advances in science and technology. GE scientists and the world’s brightest, are focused on finding solutions to the world’s toughest problems in energy, the medical field, transportation, finance, and in everyday home life. GE has over 304,000
ETHICAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING PRACTICE 1.0 INTRODUCTION. In this report, the issues which will be discussed is mainly on the ethical issues in practice. There are many unique ethical issues to be discussed when it comes to engineering profession. This report will discussed mainly on the sustainable development which includes environmental ethics, computer ethics and ethics and research. Therefore after reading this report, readers will be able to determine what ethical issues arise in engineering
Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) as Biodegradable Controlled Drug Delivery Carrier. Polymers, 3, 1377-1397 Phoeung T., Morfin Huber L. & Lafleur M., 2009. Cationic Detergent/Sterol Mixtures Can Form Fluid Lamellar Phase and Stable Unilamellar Vesicles. Langmuir, 10, 5778-5784. Pinto Reis C., Neufeld RJ., Ribeiro AJ., & Veiga F., 2006. Nanoencapsulation I. Method for preparation of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2, 9-21 Suh JD. & Kennedy DW., 2011