The effects of Second World War reached countries around the entire globe from Europe to Africa and from the Pacific to the Middle East. Although at the close of the First World War European imperialism for the most part ended, the governments of some newly established, quasi-independent countries like Iraq were still under the influence of European nations. In the spring of 1941, due to the increasing rise of Arab nationalism, the ever present resentment towards British influence in the region and
ethnicity on the planet without a state to this day. This paper will focus on the Iraqi part of Kurdistan, for it has come the closest to a state-like notion as per Weber’s definition. Iraqi Kurdistan is a region characterized by many diplomatic issues due to lack of acceptance as a state. The region was established through an autonomy agreement with Iraqi government in 1970 after decades of disputes between the Iraqi government and the Kurds in the north. The region had already established a government
Triangle in 2006 in Iraq when soldiers killed eight unarmed Iraqi men. The US military severely reprimanded the Commander of the Rakkasans, COL Michael Steele, for the unethical command climate his leadership allowed to exist within the unit at that time. This unit will need a new commander that can set and maintain an effective, ethical command climate through his leadership. That new commander should resolve the issues that led to the reported war crime in order to establish a culture that perpetuates
ethnic group without a nation state. This paper seeks to shed light on whom the Kurds are, the territory they claim being a part of their right, and more on the status of their struggle for nationhood, an independent Kurdistan with its main focus on Iraqi Kurdistan. It also establishes the relationship with the nation-states in which they (Kurds) live. The study also explores the challenges, and resolutions, of and by the Kurds. For Kurds to face their plight and get solutions, they have had to take
enter Iraq for the following reasons. Kurdistan is a much safer area than the rest of Iraq, being given the fact that it’s U.S. –backed Iraqi government in place. Kurdistan is also much different than the rest of Iraq, being given their Indo-European culture. Kurdistan had been seeking independence from Iraq for several years, but each time it was cause for war, until the American and British troops invaded Iraq in 2003. Kurdistan saw that as an opportunity to claim their autonomy and built the Kurdistan
Analysis of Kurdish Geopolitics Past and Present Who are the Kurds? Most of us have heard about them but don’t know who they are. Are they a race, a religion, a country? As we see from the following example, even Europeans who are much closer to the Kurds still do not have a complete understanding of the Kurds or the middle east in general: In the West, the left and liberal minded people in general, especially in the Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon countries, have usually supported or at least expressed
The Kurds and the Palestinians are two nations that are knowingly similar in their struggle for independence, yet every one of them has a unique, different history toward this struggle. These two cases initially began in the earls of the 20th century, after WWI, with the history of these nations dating way further than that. Britain was indirectly responsible, with France, for starting these dilemmas in the Middle Eastern region which remain unsolved until our days. In 1916, The Sykes-Picot Agreement
casualties in the "Iraqi Freedom" conquest totals so far at about Sixteen Thousand military soldiers. During WWI Germany suffered over seven million. All Quiet on the Western Front is a historical novel written by Erich Maria Remarque. The novel focuses on a young German soldier and the predicaments he encounters in during his life on the front. The novel displays a powerful image to all of its readers and tends to have a long lasting effect on the way that they interpret war. All Quiet on the
Organizing Insurgency by Paul Staniland, introduces the question, “Do resources like diamonds, drugs, and state sponsors turn insurgent groups into thuggish people or do they help build a more disciplined organization?” The reason this question is asked is because in some cases it suggests that “resource wealth encourages the degeneration of armed groups into greed and criminality” and other evidence shows that “external sponsorship and criminal activity can help leaders build organizations in the
The presence of English has indeed increased steadily from the beginning of the 2013. Along with its increased visibility, its status has changed dramatically. The period from the 1991 to the 2003, a period of major social, cultural and political change, was particularly important in this process. Until 2007, all students began learning English in Kurdistan in elementary school at approximately 11 years old (grade 5). In September 2007, the Ministry of Education held the second conference which concluded
their people are expected to follow, no matter how inhumane or difficult they can be. In the small village in The Lottery, the citizens are expected to randomly draw names and kill whoever is picked, whereas in the Iraqi culture portrayed in the article An American Honor Killing, the Iraqi people are expected to live and abide by the traditions and lifestyles. These completely different cultures show that tradition plays a very big role in society, but some traditions can be violent and outrageous.
Introduction Urbanization: The process by which more and more people leave the countryside to live in cities (Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary). Sustainable development: The ability of an activity or development to continue in the long term without undermining that part of the environment which sustains it (Scottish Natural Heritage, 1993). The process of urbanization and the population growth across the world has been increasing over the last 40 years, and it is expected to happen in the
oppressive reign was considered a victory for many of the Iraqi people, the Sunnis of the Ba’ath Party refused to accept his demise. Although the Sunnis were in the minority, the city of Fallujah would remain home to many of the Ba’ath Party supporters. On March 31, 2004, almost a year to date from the end of Hussein’s reign, four American Blackwater contactors working in Fallujah were attacked, brutally beaten, burned and dismembered by a group of Iraqi insurgents. Two of the bodies were hung from a bridge
this genocide is the Ba’athist extremists hating the Kurdish people, and miss interrupting what the Qur’an says. The Kurdish Genocide, which is also referred to as the al-Anfal Campaign was headed by Ali Hassan al-Majidgn, and led by the Ba'athist Iraqi President Saddam Hussein The Anfal campaign, which lasted between 1986 and 1989, took the lives of thousands of Kurdish civilians living in Iraq by the means of ground offensives, aerial bombing, systematic destruction of settle...
Stateless Nations Kurds The Kurdish people are mainly made up of Sunni Muslim people. Most of the Kurdish people live in the area of Turkey, Iraq and Iran. Before World War I, the Kurdish life was very nomadic and revolved mostly of sheep and goats. During the early 20th century, The Kurds started to become nationalistic. The treaty of serves that was signed in the 1920, gave all of the Middle East countries there freedom. The Kurds were brutally treated by the Turkish government and people
choosing its next leader led some senior members to leave the party. Under Azizi’s leadership, they created the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP). In 2012, “the PDKI and KDP met in Iraqi Kurdistan to discuss a possible reunification,”[11] however, for the time being, they function independently. The KDP is based in Iraqi Kurdistan and has no real influence on the masses in Iranian Kurdistan. Komala “Komala, meaning ‘society’ in Kurdish, was established in 1969 in Tehran as a Marxist Kurdish movement
The large variety of insurgent movements around the world has demonstrated that each of them belong its identifiable roots. Furthermore, instead of similar patterns in tactics, techniques and/or procedures used to achieve their ultimate goal, insurgencies are unique depending of their nature. This is the reason why each insurgency presents a dissimilar group of characteristic or principles that identify them. As a matter of fact, those characteristics should be managed with circumspection by any
Successful Counterinsurgency (COIN) operations entail a thorough understanding of the character of war in question and the perspectives, objectives, strengths, and weaknesses of the enemy. This essay identifies David Galula’s two Laws of Counterinsurgency that most reflect US COIN strategy in Afghanistan. It will compare Galula’s theory of Counterinsurgency to the two basic COIN theories of “Hearts and Minds” and “Cost/Benefit”. Finally, a basic COIN theory will be identified that most resembles
when Operation Iraqi Freedom kicked off. I remember wondering how this war would affect my life or the direction of my career and unit. In March of 2003 I found out. Because of the war, our replacements, already having been trained for real world action, were sent to Iraq, extending my already long six month tour to ten. The start and end of that war, as a whole, had its effects on not just me and my unit, as I was deployed there twice, but on the whole world. The outcome of a war can be explained
essentially shows the Iraqis in their most basic form: as humans awaiting burial. The picture, inherently humanizes the typically dehumanized people of Iraq, because in the end of the day, we all go to the grave. This is one concept, both Kamber and Turner agree on. Turner’s poem, What every soldier should know, initially insinuates that the so-called barbaric Iraqis, are essentially, dehumanized and labeled as deplorable. However, in the end, this is a poem about constant tension of war because you need