Abstract 1 1. Introduction 2 2. Past experience 2 3. Diplomatic problems 2 4. Concept of Operation 3 5. The campaign 3 5.1. Air power 4 5.2. Ground operations and special forces 5 5.3. Iraqi strategy and tactics 5 6. Intelligence 6 7. Psychological operations 6 8. Public relations 6 9. Technology 6 10. Casualties 7 11. Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) 7 12. Conclusion 7 13. References: 8
Officially, on August 2, 1990, the United Nations passed Resolution 660 which: Condemned the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, Demanded that Iraq vacate its forces from Kuwait and called on Iraq and Kuwait to begin “intense negotiations for the resolution of their differences, and decides to meet again as necessary.” Eventually the United Nations passed Resolution 678, that authorized “Member States” to “use all necessary means to uphold and implement resolution 660 (1990) and all subsequent relevant resolutions
“At about 2 a.m. local time, Iraqi forces invaded Kuwait, Iraq’s tiny, oil-rich neighbor. Kuwait’s defense forces were rapidly overwhelmed, and those that were not destroyed retreated to Saudi Arabia”(“Iraq Invades Kuwait”). Nidali’s family had to flee to Egypt and then later on to Texas. “During the next six weeks, the allied force engaged in an intensive air war against Iraq’s military and civil infrastructure and encountered little effective resistance from the Iraqi air force or air defenses”(“Iraq
ethnicity on the planet without a state to this day. This paper will focus on the Iraqi part of Kurdistan, for it has come the closest to a state-like notion as per Weber’s definition. Iraqi Kurdistan is a region characterized by many diplomatic issues due to lack of acceptance as a state. The region was established through an autonomy agreement with Iraqi government in 1970 after decades of disputes between the Iraqi government and the Kurds in the north. The region had already established a government
"The Kurds can present a better claim to race purity...than any people which now inhabits Europe." (Bonner, p. 63, 1992) Over the past hundred years, the desire for an independent Kurdish state has created conflicts mainly with the Turkish and Iraqi populations in the areas where most of the Kurds live. This conflict has important geographical implications as well. The history of the Kurdish nation, the causes for these conflicts, and an analysis of the situation will be discussed in this
Ideology (Turchin 2003 ): In this model, ∆ I is the estimated change in national security over a single time step ( 1 month and 1 year for any conflicts, respectively) and is based on the Impact of Ideology at the start of the time step ( I ), the army expenditure rate ( r ), and the Impact of Ideology capacity ( K ). When I is small, the expression inside the parentheses is close to 1 , and the Impact of Ideology can grow freely without constraints. When I approaches K in size, the expression converges
On the month of April in 2004, in the city of Habbaniyah, Iraq, a brutal and terrible act took place which ignited one of the bloodiest battles in the history of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Four Black Water security members were killed and publicly maimed. The resulting battle left a high casualty rate as well as hundreds of American service members being wounded. This is the story of the events that took place after the events in the city of Habbaniyah. On the 31st of March, 2004, a convoy was
Introduction The first battle in Fallujah during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) is known as Operation Vigilant Resolve. This battle is regarded as one of the biggest single defeats that the United States Military has suffered throughout all its campaigns during OIF. The United States and international media outlets exploited this defeat, which in turn, bolstered Al Qaeda recruiting in Fallujah. This offensive failure and retreat was backed by a huge public outcry for troop withdrawal and successful
I was deployed to Camp Bondsteel, Kosovo when Operation Iraqi Freedom kicked off. I remember wondering how this war would affect my life or the direction of my career and unit. In March of 2003 I found out. Because of the war, our replacements, already having been trained for real world action, were sent to Iraq, extending my already long six month tour to ten. The start and end of that war, as a whole, had its effects on not just me and my unit, as I was deployed there twice, but on the whole
shaped the battlefield during one of the highest points of conflict in Iraq. After Saddam Hussein’s murderous regime was destroyed by America’s military muscle in the latter days of April 2003 most of Iraq was experiencing a time of happiness. The Iraqis could go anywhere they pleased and say anything they want. In the capital of Iraq, Baghdad, American military forces were greeted with smiles and friendly waves. Not so much the cause in Fallujah. Located in what is known as the Sunni Triangle just
oppressive reign was considered a victory for many of the Iraqi people, the Sunnis of the Ba’ath Party refused to accept his demise. Although the Sunnis were in the minority, the city of Fallujah would remain home to many of the Ba’ath Party supporters. On March 31, 2004, almost a year to date from the end of Hussein’s reign, four American Blackwater contactors working in Fallujah were attacked, brutally beaten, burned and dismembered by a group of Iraqi insurgents. Two of the bodies were hung from a bridge
ethnic group without a nation state. This paper seeks to shed light on whom the Kurds are, the territory they claim being a part of their right, and more on the status of their struggle for nationhood, an independent Kurdistan with its main focus on Iraqi Kurdistan. It also establishes the relationship with the nation-states in which they (Kurds) live. The study also explores the challenges, and resolutions, of and by the Kurds. For Kurds to face their plight and get solutions, they have had to take
right- only who is left”. Those left are the soldiers of the 1-502nd, specifically Bravo Company 1st plt, and the Janabi family and to a greater extent, the ever-changing global world we all live in today. The tragic events that conspired in a small Iraqi village became a microcosm of how leadership failures at every level shaped the actions of a few soldiers who committed atrocious acts. One can also see how a high operational tempo, along with prolonged violence and death, has on a person’s psyche
Introduction This is a historical examination of the first battle fought for Fallujah, Iraq: Operation Vigilant Resolve. We will examine the history, location, composition, and social background of Fallujah. Analysis of Operation Vigilant Resolve will identify participating units, basic strategy, why Vigilant Resolve failed and lessons learned. Most scholars agree that future battlefields will be urbanized; with lessons learned from this operation we will be better suited for similar, future conflicts
Introduction When US Army withdraw from Iraq in December 2013, it creates and big vacuum of power and resource in the region. A lot of changes happened in Iraq in aspect of politics, security and economics. The global terrorism start staging itself for next level of attacks, preparing to recruit extremists from all over world in Syria. In June 2014 when ISIS took over and second largest city in Iraq, Mosul. That what the global alarm of what will come next, therefore we need to
imposed a strict application of the Sharia in some villages around Halabja city, near the Iranian border. After the US invasion of Iraq, AAI became a clandestine insurgent group, which fought against the Kurdish political parties and the US armies and its Iraqi allies. Currently, the group is intense their operations more broadly, particularly following the activation against some of slippers cells, and penetration several new foreign cadres into Iraq. This paper firstly describes the rising AAI as
How big is the threat of contemporary terrorism and where does it come from? “Insurgents can and do use terrorism, but insurgents are but one type of violent non-state actor who may choose to use terrorism.” (James J. F. Forest, 2007) That is how James J. F. Forest differentiates between the notoriety and the revolutionary particles of an outcast uprising theory. A conflict of ideas that still fail to recognize the true face of a criminal from a martyr’s is where the failure of counteracting against
location has been the center of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires and has acted as a fortress against an expanding Soviet Union and more recently an expanding Iraq (Larson). Turkey?s Role in ?Operation Iraqi Freedom? Within the past year, Turkey has played a vital role in ?Operation Iraqi Freedom.?? The United ... ... middle of paper ... ...ews. 10 Dec. 2003 <http://www.lexis-nexis.com/furman.edu> Stanford, Dick. ?Panel Discussion, Turkey's Relationship and Foreign Policy Issues with
Media Manipulation Exposed in George Orwell's “Shooting an Elephant” The phrase “the power of the press” is used often, but what exactly is the power of the press? Since the beginning of news reporting, it’s been known that what actually gets into the news reports is monitored and carefully picked by higher authorities. What isn’t widely known, however, is that the media can use specific wording and phrases that, on the surface, look like normal news coverage, but are actually a technique of
Ruling a country effectively is executed through a variety of methods. Lao-Tzu, a follower of Taoism, expresses his belief on the most efficient way to govern. "The more prohibitions you have, the less virtuous people will be. The more weapons you have, the less secure people will be. The more subsidies you have, the less self-reliant people will be" (25). This quote from Lao-Tzu can be interpreted many different ways. The author discusses what he feels the role of a leader should be, the restrictions