TOPIC:IP ADDRESS Cyber Law & Information Security The address of a computer on the Internet is commonly referred to as the IP Address (Internet Protocol). It's a 32 bit (4 bytes) number normally written as follows: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Since a byte can represent any number from zero to 255, the least and the maximum IP address possible are: 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255 Understanding IP Addresses Understanding IP Addressing is necessary, since all applications on the Internet generate logs
the website howstuffworks.com (What is an IP address?), ‘An IP address is assigned to every device connected to the Internet. This is a 32 bit protocol, as it consists of 4 binary octets’. However they are usually written in decimal form for ease of use. The maximum decimal number allowed by one octet is 255 (or 11111111 in binary). The total number of unique possibilities of 4 octets would therefore be 256^4, roughly 4.3 billion addresses. Demand for IP addresses is increasing due to reasons such
device. Specifically, the networking layer will be looked upon as it relates to the address of the device. When putting a stack into an example, one can relate the mail system. The application layer would include the writer and letter being sent. Since the writer is busy, the writer sends someone to put the mail in the mailbox which would be the transport layer. The next layer, the network layer, would be the actual address of the mailbox. Lastly, the physical layer is the process of getting the mail
skyrocketed. The department of energy alone estimates they get attacked 10 million times every single day. Some of these are very simple scans, while others are high key attacks. When making these hacking attacks however, hackers don't use their own ip address. Instead they go through another device that is connected to the internet. This latest string of hacks have revolved around the ease at which hackers can find other computers connected to the internet, hack into those, and use their computing power
difficult in expansion and maintenance, GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel’s inability to traverse NAT, IPsec’s inability to support dynamic routing [1]. Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network (DMVPN) is in general combination of GRE tunnels, IP Security Protocol (IPsec), NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol) along with some advance features to help getting more scalable and robust solutions to the current problems. DMVPN can be used when hub and spoke topology needed, for example in the case
company. After analyzing the information obtained by the company, proposed to create a virtual local area network (VLAN) and access control list (ACL). 2.0 Company Background Al Ikhsan is a company selling athletic shoes in the premises at the address Address Lot F.43, First Floor, Ipoh Parade, 105, Jalan Sultan Abdul Jalil, Greentown, Silver Silver Postcode 30450. States are also distributors of branded sports shoes from off to market in the region surrounding Ipoh. Additionally, the company also
h Babu Battula Ram Bilash(2010UCP233) 1 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Related Work 3. Design 3.1 Failure Connection Design 3.2 Signature discoverion Design 4. Results 5. Conclusion 6. References 3 1. Introduction Internet worms present a solemn threat to todays highly networked computing environment. Unlike other threats viruses and trojans, worms typically scatter automatically without active human intervention, resulting in infection rates that are considerably higher than those
to the Internet. • Identify three different Internet Service Providers and compare and contrast – Connection methods – cost comparison. • Discuss the minimum hardware and software requirements for connecting to the internet. • Discuss the function of IP addresses and how they apply to communicating on the internet. • Show the steps in registering domain name for user, indicating the different options that have to be considered. • Explain how a computer system can be protected from viruses transmitted
Originally, the internet was anticipated to be a vast space full of endless information and content available for all users. Perhaps that was the intention but as laws and regulations within countries update and change, it also has an affect on the internet usage of countries. Various types of content policing has been attempted, within this has been many attempts at censoring the internet by government officials and more times than not they have been overruled my the public. But in the area of media
Also, the cost of software programming, vast libraries of stored data, and teaching un-educated computer users in all countries around the world, but be an expansive process. Their would have to be a massive form of data collection of what type of IP address, certain types of words, and certain type of ports to block. This would not just make the cost of internet access massive incremental raise; it would also slow the speed of the entire network around the world down but a horrible mass decrease.
IP spoofing : -A method of bypassing security measures on a network or a method of gaining access to a network by imitating a different IP address. Some security systems have a method of helping to identifying a user by his or her IP address or IP address range. If the attacker spoofs their IP address to match this criteria it may help bypass security measures. This technique is also used to deceive a web page, poll, or other Internet contest into thinking the user is someone else allowing him
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) structure as our primary means of communication within our network infrastructure. We are currently using a legacy mainframe system that limits are current means of network connectivity with other evolving network systems and it is in our best interest that we look into the future as well as keep up with changing times as Information Technicians. I will present a detailed analysis of the TCP/IP brief history, understanding of IPv4 addresses, subnetting
Napster Problem or Solution In mid-1999, 19 year old Northeastern University student Shawn Fanning designed a computer program that allowed one to log on to a central server, and be able to download mp3 music files from another computer at lightning speed, with great ease. He called this program Napster, after his old high school nickname. Since it's inception, Napster has sparked court cases involving every major record company in North America, and created a worldwide debate about copyright
information presented about IP version 6 (IPv6) will not be complete without talking about IP version 4 (IPv4), its predecessor. For completeness, a brief introduction of IPv4 will be made. In the networking of computers and devices, the Internet Protocol (IP) plays a very important role. The IP, found at the internet layer of the Department of Defence (DoD) model provides the means for the devices to communicate using logical addresses called IP addresses. The importance of an IP address to communication will
Role of TCP/IP and the link to application layers Introduction: In this report I will be talking about different application layers and the protocols within them I will also be explaining what TCP/IT is and how it links back to the application layers. What is TCP/IP TCP/IP is a set of rules and regulations which allow for communication to take place. TCP is a protocol a set of rules and regulations that is lets the communication to take place between computers over the internet. TCP is the wrap
house number. A host is any system that has an IP address; this can be devices like network-attached printers as well as individual computers. When the Internet first started, all IP addresses fell into one of three pre-defined address classes. The address class tells you which bits in the IP address are used for the network address, and which are used for host addresses. These three categories got translated into three different IP address classes: Class A, B, and C. Only the largest companies
interconnections, such as NICs, Networks media, and Connectors. Switches and Routers are also part of network components. When designing a network, couples of items are a must to have such fundamental goals, a drawing or diagram, The Hierarchical Network Design, IP addresses, routing protocols, Servers, and switches. Good Network does not happen on its own. Accordance to SCTE website, “The network diagram uses common symbols to capture information related to the network for planning, reference, and troubleshooting
Computer Hackers: The Who's, What's, When's, Where's, Why's and How's. After coming home from a long day at school, I turn on my computer and go to the Internet to see "What's New!" Then all of a sudden I hear, "You've Got Mail!" I check my e-mail and it's a message from my friend in Alabama. It is warning me about a computer virus that is being spread, and that I should watch out. Thank goodness someone warned me about this. I said to myself, "This kind of stuff must be the work of those hackers
Vehicles Florida Probation and Parole State Attorney's Office Clerk of the Court Public Defenders Office (FDLE-CJ Net, 1998) The method of communication over the FCIC II / CJ Net network is the same standard that has been used on the Internet, TCP/IP.
into packets that travel across the internet and the packets take the most avaiable and efficient path and eventually all come together where they are suppose to be. ⦁ What kinds of information can be sent with IP packets? Almost any of the information sent over the internet can be sent with IP