Babur and Scurry While some of the enormous discrepancies between Babur’s Islam and James Scurry’s Islam can be ascribed to differences in age and role, the strongest cause of such dissimilarities is a very similar political instability. Admittedly, Babur’s position as conqueror and Scurry’s status as prisoner are the obvious differences that inform their vastly different experiences. Although centuries lay between Babur’s victories and Scurry’s capture, both times were dominated by insecurity
Anita Desai (1937) is a modern Indo-English writer, she is famous for her fiction writing, not only in India but also around the world. She emerged on the literary horizon after the independence of India and her main focus is, her writing on the ‘contemporary issues’ (Batts, 2011, pg.3). Desai mostly writes about the miserable plight of women suffering under their insensitive and inconsiderate husbands, fathers and brothers. All of which, leads to a man-woman relationship bringing characters into
What we learn about Islamic spirituality from the sayings of Imam ‘Ali and the poetry and prose of Jalal al-Din Rumi The majority of the Americans today tend to relate religion with spirituality. This is common especially for people who think of the guilt-inducing proscriptions on a certain set of behaviors, seemingly authoritative or arbitrary rules, unreasoning insistence and doctrinal orthodoxy, aggressive proselytizing, as well as divisive sectarianism. The majority of the Americans prefer describing
being the new leader of Islam. Fatima felt that her husband Ali Bin Abitalib who is also Mohammed’s cousin and father of his grandchildren should place the leadership after Prophet Mohammed. At that point Shia and Sunni Muslims were separated in different directions. Sunni believed that the legitimate leaders of Islam are the leaders who ruled after Mohammed’s death (Abu Bakr- Umar- Othman- Ali). On the other hand Shia believed that Ali should’ve been the first leader of Islam after Mohammed’s death
The word Bedouins come from the Arabic word “badawī” meaning nomad. The Arabian Peninsula’s landscape consists of several deserts, in which conditions are harsh with little rain. The living conditions were very hard on a society, and as a result only nomads were successful in these desert regions. The Bedouins were culturally isolated as they moved from pasture to pasture, generally settling for short periods of time at oases. The people were farmers or tended to flocks and herds searching for
to rule. Although the caliph Uthman, who was a member of an Umayyad clan, was replaced by Ali, Muawiya, who governed Syria, believed that this decision was unjust, and that Ali could never serve, especially the Umayyad Empire, as a legitimate leader. In Islamic scholar G.R Hawting’s book about the Umayyad Caliphate, “The First Dynasty of Islam,” he says, “‘Uthman’s murder was followed by the choice of ‘Ali, cousin and son-in-law if the prophet, as the next caliph. His appointment, however, was by
Introduction Many books have been written on the life of imam Ali ben Abu Abi Talib, his succession to the Caliphate, his disagreements, negotiations and decisions. Old and new libraries are replete with innumerable writings, studies and researches on the imam. The purpose of this book is not to present a review of incidents or study decisions or analyze actions taken by imam Ali. Nor does the book aim to support or refute what has been written on the imam. Whatever the source of what had been
discuss. The fundamental point of contention between Shias and Sunnis is who should have succeeded Mohammad after his death. Sunnis believe that the choice of Abu Bakr as the first caliph was correct, whereas Shias believe that Mohammad’s son-in-law Ali should have been chosen. Subsequent differences in religious practice and metaphysical theology arose out of this division. However, the contemporary Shiite-Sunni split is more than a minor theological dispute. Since the 1970s, the schism has manifested
Imam Abu Hanifah (ra) The book Qamoos al-alam states: Al-Imam al-azam Abu Hanifa's name was Numan. His father's name was Thabit. His grandfather's name was Numan, too. He was the first of the four great imams of the Ahl as-Sunnah Wal Jama'ah. 'Imam' means 'profoundly learned scholar.' He was one of the main pillars of the brilliant religion of Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam). He was a descendant of a Persian notable. His grandfather had embraced Islam. He was born in Kufa in 80 (698
The purpose of this is paper is to show how great the contributions of Ali were to his culture. Ali was born miraculously, his mother Fatima-bint-Asad, the wife of Abu Talib, was Divinely Guided with sudden labor pains to the Holy Kaaba. As her immense labor pains weighed her down, Fatima knelt before the Kaaba and began praying to Allah(GOD) to make the birth of her child comfortable and easy. Before she knew it, the walls of the Kaaba miraculously split open by the Will of Allah. Fatima entered
The Differences Sunni and Shia Ideology Thesis: The Sunni and Shia ideology in terms of the concept of imamate, their believe on al-Quran and Hadith and the successor of the leadership after the death of the prophet Muhammad i. Sunni and Shia ideology in terms of the concept imamate. A. The appointment of shall be the duty of human priest or God? 1. Sunni a) They stated that the selection of imam is the responsibility among Muslim and it is not duty of God. b) The Sunni say believe in imams excluding
Shura is an Arabic word for consultation and it is this that forms part of the four cardinal principles (human dignity justice and equality) in the Islamic organisation of social policys and politics. It was a method that the pre Islamic tribes of the Middle East would use to make major affecting decisions. The term Shura is mentioned several times in the holy Quran and is also used as a name in parliaments of Muslim majority countries. “Consultation applies to the choice of the head of state as
Prophet Muhammad’s daughter Fatima; and, existed during the Golden Age of Islam. “Unlike the cAbbasids or Umayyads, who were led by a caliph approved by the community, the Shica espoused the concept of designation, in which the Prophet Muhammad chose Ali as his successor and in which each subsequent religious leader was a divinely ordained, supreme, infallible Imam who had the final authority in both religious and social affairs.” In 909, the Fatimid was established by the self-proclaimed Imam, Ubayd
Buddha once said, “Just as a candle cannot burn without fire, men cannot live without a spiritual life.” He understood the need that men have for belief in a higher power. This belief transcends all religions and beliefs across the earth. With religion comes a sacred text provided through the words of a prophet. The problem we run into with these texts is that they have the potential to be flawed by historical revision. Every form of religious text can have this problem, including the Quran. This
question about doing this because the Prophet had spoken about it so often. After a heated debate, Abu Bakr was chosen to lead. Ali, the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad (he was married to Muhammad’s favorite daughter, Fatimah), was not present at that meeting, and he later protested that he should have been given a fair shot at being selected the caliph. Although Ali refused to swear allegiance to Abu Bakr for a few months, eventually he caved in and both he and his supporters took the oath. The
Hazrat Abu Bakr occupies a unique and significant role in the history of Islam. He was the first adult male to accept Islam, and when he first accepted the new faith, he accepted it right away. The Prophet (S) said, “Whenever I offered Islam to any person, he showed some hesitation when embracing it. But Abu Bakr is an exception. He was the prophet’s closest companion. It was Abu Bakr, who traveled with the Prophet (S) to Madinah for the Hijra. When Prophet Muhammad (S), made the hijra from Makkah
Arwa Bin Zubair says, " I have never seen any one who could have knowledge of an Ayyah (Qur 'anic verse),an obligatory act,a sunnah act,poetry,lineage,history,judgement or medicine better than Aisha [ra]".... (Ibn Qayyim and Ibn Sa 'ad Jala-ul-Afham, Vol. 2, p. 26.) Aisha As Siddiqa, Ummul-Mumineen (mother of the faithful believers) [ra], Bint Abu Bakr Saddiq Abdullah Bin Abi Quhafah [rah] was born in Makkah in the year 614 CE, she was born to a Muslim family, and was a great teacher
of Muhammad’s daughters, Fatima, was arranged to marry Ali, Muhammad’s cousin. Naturally, because Ali was Muhammad’s cousin and the closest blood relative, many Muslims thought that he was compelled to be the next caliph of Islam. In addition, Shiites thought that Ali should have been caliph because he was spiritually closer to Allah than Abu Bakr and the other caliphs, due to his blood relation. To resolve this conflict, supporters of Ali rose up and terminated caliph Uthman, who ruled at that
Islam is a religion of peace. There are 5 pillars of Islam, which are mandatory. The five pillars are, Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj, I will define the five pillars now. 1. Shahadah: Beleiving that there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad [peace be upon him] is his last messenger. 2. Salat: It is the prayers Muslims offer five times a day, Fajr, zuhr, asr, maghrib and Isha. 3. Zakat: It is to give 2.5% annually of one’s savings to the needy people. 4. Sawm: Fasting during the month of Ramadan
The Expedition of Khyber Introduction: The expedition of Khyber was set out by the Prophet Muhammad towards the end of the month of Muharram 7 AH. He set out of Medina for Khyber at the head of a small force of about one thousand four hundred poorly armed soldiers and a troop of two hundred horses between them. The Prophet allowed to come only those who had pledged allegiance to him under the tree. Allah Refers to them in the Quran and says: “Allah was well pleased with the believers