Dating back to the 18th century concretions have been known as geologic curiosity’s due to the various sizes, shapes and compositions. Concretions have also been thought to be dinosaur eggs, extra-terrestrial debris, human artifacts and animal and plant fossils. Due to these curiosity’s I will try and enlighten you more on these in the following by explaining the process in which they are formed and explaining some locations where they can be found in large outcrops. “The word "concretion" is derived
upper surface of the metal. Composition of the scale layers depends on the temperature [11]. As per the iron oxygen phase diagram, there is no wustite (FeO) formed if the iron is oxidized below 570C. A two layer oxide scale of magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (Fe2O3) are probably formed below this temperature with
Mineral resources in any form are gift from nature in the countries where they are found. Almost every country depends largely on exports of its mineral resources, earning a major portion of their foreign exchange from these exports. Pakistan is gifted with significant mineral resources and emerging as a very promising area for exploration of mineral deposits. Pakistan has great potential in the metallic minerals like copper, gold, silver, platinum, chromites, iron, lead and zinc, a fact confirmed
Hematite is a mineral, and generally forms in the presence of water. Water offers the oxygen atoms that link with iron atoms in the mineral. On Mars, it seems that groundwater carrying and transporting dissolved iron had infiltrated through the sandstone to form the mineral hematite (Nasa, ). The weather on Mars tends to continuously alternate, and can include whirling clouds, morning and afternoon
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/science-medicine/kaolin University of Auckland (UA). (2005). Magnetite. Retrieved from http://flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/rocks_minerals/minerals/magnetite.html University of Minnesota (UM). (n.d.). Hematite. Oxides Mineral Class. Retrieved from http://www.geo.umn.edu/courses/1001/minerals/hematite.shtml University of Minnesota (UM). (n.d.). Olivine Group. Orthosilicate. Retrieved from http://www.geo.umn.edu/courses/1001/minerals/olivine.shtml
There has long been interest in the exploration of Mars. More missions have been attempted to Mars than to any other place in solar system except the Moon, and half of the attempts failed. However, the early exploration attempts taught us many lessons that made subsequent missions more successful. Since 1995, Mars exploration has undergone a renaissance. NASA has successfully launched four orbiters and four landed missions. These missions provided data and images that changed our view of planet Mars
MARS ROVER By: Peyton Priest & Robert Hollman The Mars Rover is an AMV (Automated Motor Vehicle). NASA uses landers and rovers. Rovers have several advantages over the landers. They can examine more territory, they have a lot more interesting features, and they can be in any kind of weather. The mars rover launched towards mars on June 10th, 2003. NASA wanted to learn more about the history of water on Mars. Two of them were launched. They landed on January 3rd, and 24th, 2004. This mission
Opportunity landing site contain tiny spheres-nicknamed “blueberries”, suggesting that they formed in standing water, or possibly by groundwater percolating through rocks. Compositional analysis shows that the “blueberries” contain the iron-rich mineral hematite, and nearby rocks contain sulfur-rich mineral jarosite. Both minerals form in water, and chemical analysis supports the case for formation in a salty environment such as a sea or ocean. Moreover, we find very similar “blueberries” that formed in
painting was a common Maya practice, classic period murals and vases depict warriors in red or black body paint. Men often painted their bodies and faces to look fierce, women would paint themselves to look more beautiful. Small paint jars of red hematite mixed with mica were found in houses in Ceten. Unmarried men painted their bodies black, as did those purifying and fasting themselves for ritual. Priests often wore the color famously known as, “Maya
The ABC’s of Meteorite Collecting By Vincent S. Foster As Colby Navarro sat at his computer on March 26, 2003, he had no idea that a meteorite was about to come crashing through the roof of his Park Forest, Illinois, home, strike his printer, bounce off the wall, and land near a filing cabinet. The rock, about four inches wide, was part of a meteorite shower that swept through the Chicago area, damaging at least six houses and three cars. Scientists said that before the rock broke apart, it was probably
Have you ever looked up in the sky and wondered if there is life elsewhere in the universe? Have you ever looked at a photograph of Mars and wondered if there really was ever life on it? People have a wide variety of opinions regarding these questions and with good reason. As far back as the broadcast of H. G. Well's novel, "The War of the Worlds", the world has been fascinated with the possibilities of what Mars may hold. Over time, the majority of people have come to realize that there is no way
Poverty Point, Louisiana is a historical place that has brought many mysteries and uncovered cultures in that place. There are many historical findings that have made Poverty Point known. The early people of Poverty Point lived there around 1730 and 1350 B.C. and left many interesting artifacts and a great legacy behind. Two of these were their mounds and ridges that they spent 25 generations building. Mounds were big hills used by many early American groups, for organized “cemeteries” and some mounds
Student: Jemima Bijoux Student number: 213429314 Module: GEN 211 Lecturer: D. Ahgoo Topic: "Studying soils along a slope is one of the simplest, yet most elegant ways to discern spatial interrelationships between soil and topography” (Sommer and Schlichting, 1997). Elucidate. Introduction According to FitzPatrick (1971: 284), the term catena is referred to as “[a] sequence of soils developed from similar parent material under similar climatic conditions but whose characteristics differ
1. Why is Venus not as suitable as Earth for human life? Venus is not as suitable as Earth for human life because Earth has vast quantites of liquid water needed for life, while Venus has a dry surface, although there may have been water at one time. The Earth remains a warm temperature due to the greenhouse effect, which traps radiation from the sun. The temperature on Earth are perfect for sustaining life, while Venus is too hot for life. Even landers that have traveled to Venus on exploration
A Rosary may be made from many different kinds of materials. In the past, there have been rosary beads made from bone, glass, wood, crushed flowers and glass. Prayer beads can also be made from different stones like agate, amber, amethyst, and hematite. For those with different tastes rosary beads appear in materials like crystal, coral, silver, gold, mother of pearls, and diamonds. There really is no limit to the materials used in the manufacture of rosary beads. Hand carved Olivewood is a favorite
Smelting starts with simple raw (hematite and magnetite) ore to make iron by removing impurities. It includes the endothermic reaction of adding carbon to remove oxygen from iron and as the charcoal, limestone, and iron melted in the furnace, cold blasts of air would be forced into the molten
this, India has a lot of mineral resources which include coal, iron ore, manganese ore, mica, bauxite, natural gas, limestone, crude oil, diamonds, petroleum and etc. The total reserves of iron-ore in the country are about 14.630 million tons of hematite and 10,619 million tons of magnetite. Its coal production ranks third in the world. There are significant oil and natural gas reserves in Assam and Gujarat states, and on the continental shelf off Maharashtra and Gujarat. India also has ample reserves
I agree with “Mars, Our Future on the red Planet” by Leonard David that sooner or later, a human being will leave the first footprint on Mars. This first footprint may merely be for the purpose of science, or it may be the establishment of a settlement for colonists. Elon Musk, a billionaire entrepreneur and founder of SpaceX has already made detailed plans for putting humans on Mars around 2025. He plans to build a gigantic shuttle capable of carrying hundreds of people at a time, stick it on top
Fossils can be divided into two categories, body fossils and trace fossils. Body fossils encompass preserved remains of an organism, such as bones, claws, teeth, skin, embryos, muscles, tendons, organs, and blood vessels (Col). Trace fossils are the indirect signs of life that give evidence of the organism’s presence, such as track ways, teeth marks, gizzard rocks, coprolites, burrows, and nests, which leave an impression behind after moving over a surface of soft sediment (Col). These fossil categories
Is there Life on Mars? Alaina Smith Georgia Military College Is there life on Mars? Almost every person in science has asked this question at least once in their life. While there are people who believe that there is, there are also the naysayers. Mars is one of the planets that have eluded us for centuries while we have landed on it and done studies; we have still yet to fully say that there was life on mars or that there currently is life on mars. Some scientists have dedicated their lives to