For the past decade, France has criminally prosecutes immigrants who’ve had their daughters circumcised, and in October 1996 the U.S. congress outlawed female genital mutilation in the country. Announced, a global campaign in 197 to eradicate the practice, and a growing number of refugee, women’s, and human rights originations in Africa and around the globe have called for its ban. But progress has been rather slow. Western forms of movement have been very counterproductive, with Africans resisting
thousand years ago, female genital mutilation is a controversial procedure that is regarded by some as a right of passage and an essentiality to one’s culture; however, others have designated female genital mutilation as a practice that violates one’s basic human rights, has no medical benefits, and causes reproductive complications that can be detrimental the livelihood of the mother and child (“Female Genital Mutilation”). In many cultures, Female Genital Mutilation serves as a way to ensure that
treated (our body and others) are different from how non western cultures view and treat bodies. We can see the differences in the western and non western bodies in such works as Anne Fadiman’s account of a Hmong child in America and in articles like Genital Surgeries: Gendering Bodies. Along with the many differences between western and non western thoughts there are also several similarities. Especially when it comes to metaphors of the body. The generalized western opinion of the body is that it
referred to as ‘female circumcision’, but those who wish to stop them increasingly use the description ‘female genital mutilation’. My paper will explore the various forms of female genital mutilation, it’s deep association with the patrilineal system in Africa, and the efforts to stop this tragedy. Impalpable cultural clashes explode when people from societies practicing genital mutilation settle in other parts of the world and bring these rites with them. For example, it is practiced by Muslim groups
those who oppose it call it female genital mutilation (FGM). Though not everyone agrees that FGM is the most appropriate term that applies to this tradition, in modern times, audiences worldwide have begun to accept female genital mutilation as a more fitting expression to articulate such horrid violation of human rights. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is the collective name given to the several different traditional practices that involve the cutting of female genitals. The procedure is commonly performed
Not a healthy practice to accept as a cultural or religious tradition Female genital mutilation is not a healthy practice we can accept as cultural diversity or respect as a religious tradition. Voluntary or not, the procedure is an act of violence against the female body and it encourages a female dystopian society. Undergoing the procedure is not like when a male receives his rite of passage; where he becomes a man and is more respected. The procedure does not grant women high status nor does
Cultural relativism is when a person’s beliefs should be looked at and understood by others dependent on what that person’s culture is. Female Genital Mutilation or FGM is when the outside female genitalia is cut, or removed, or injured for cultural or other mon-medial reasons. There are four different types of procedures: clitoridectomy, which is the “partial or total removal of the clitoris and/or the prepuce”; excision is the “partial or total removal of the clitoris and labia minora, with or
Female Genital Mutilation, shortened to FGM in most medical texts, is “collective name given to several different traditional practices that involve the cutting of female genitals.” FGM is a common cultural practice in many parts of the world, especially Africa and Asia that was established hundreds of years ago. There are many different types of FGM, ranging from clitoridectomy, to cutting and infibulations (Skaine 7). Even though these procedures are accepted in the areas they are practiced, FGM
called Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). The young girls and women who are forced to have this procedure done not only loses their rights to sexual pleasure but their rights are sliced, chopped, punctured, and finally burnt away. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) otherwise known as Female Genital Circumcision (FGC) is also a controversial topic in Western societies. This paper will examine the history of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), hegemonic perspective on Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), health
lights are dim and the voices quiet. Tension fills the room where Nafisa, a six-year-old Sudanese girl lies on a bed in the corner. Her aunt, 25-year-old Zeinab, watches protectively as her niece undergoes the procedure now known as female genital mutilation (FGM), formerly called female circumcision. In this procedure, performed without anaesthesia, a girl's external sexual organs are partially or totally cut away. Zeinab does not approve. For the past year she has been trying to persuade her
In our society today, body modifications are quite and seen every day without even realizing it. Body modifications are defined as is the deliberate altering of the human anatomy or human physical appearance. These are changes to one’s body on purpose, whether by the individuals own choice or not. Body modifications can be permanent or only temporary, depending on how extreme the alteration is. Tattoos are a type of body modifications that we see quite often our society. Female circumcision is not
The female body is a dissected organism in which tolerance is searched for. In search for a tolerable female form, modifications on the female body are performed. This lust for acceptance and understanding causes females to partake in methods of “beautifying themselves” to please man. Man, the omnipotent being whose thoughts and words cascade onto the hearts of women causing mutilation, suppression, and the desire to discover oneself. Upon the discovery that the female body portrays different views
of individual rights and freedoms has been the largest correlating aspect to violence against women. Some key examples of how a lack of women’s rights has created ideal circumstances for violence against women to take over include Crimes of Honor, Genital Manipulation, Femicide, Sexual Violence, Domestic Violence, Widowhood Practices, Human Trafficking, and Sex Selective Abortions. All of these factors of violence are, “embedded in unequal power relations between men and women hinged on patriarchal
is why in the following readings you will learn more about body modification. More deeply into the positive and negative effects body modification has on you and/or your surroundings. Body modification, or otherwise known as body mutilation, is when a person deliberately alters their human anatomy. They do this in numerous ways. But for now we are only touch upon tattoos, piercings, and plastic surgery. To start, body modifications have been around for numerous years. Ranging as far back as the Iceman
relationship. The United Nations describes domestic violence as the “physical, sexual and emotional injury transpiring in the family, involving battering, sexual molestation of female child in the household, dowry-related fury, marital rape, woman genital mutilation, and other customary practices detrimental to women, non-spouse brutality and violence associated with exploitation (Gerdes 37).” In the modern society, individuals and organizations must
Ans-1 Social determinants of interpersonal violence Relatively high rates of violence have been reported over the years among members of certain ethnic and racial groups and urban inhabitants. African Americans and Native Americans have comparatively high rates of assaultive interpersonal violence and homicide. Big cities continue to experience high rates of violence, focussed mainly among young black males in the United States. Immigrant groups, especially second and third generations, have higher