When presented with a patient suffering from severe gangrene, how do you react? In many cases, empathy is lost and replaced with personal disgust. Because of its’ gruesome appearance and foul smell, gangrene carries an undeserving social stigma with it. These patients may be staring death in the face, so why are we staring at them? In this paper I will describe gangrene and the different types, explain the risk factors and causes, discuss the complications, as well as treatment options and outcomes
conducted with Mrs. Isola Cumberbatch, Mrs. Cumberbatch is 83 years old. She was a very vibrant out going individual, she did her own cooking, shopping and she walked to church every Sunday. Mrs. Cumberbatch who is a diabetic lost her left leg to gangrene. “Gangrene is a condition that occurs when body tissue dies. It is caused by a loss of blood supply due to an underlying illness, injury, and/or infection.” (webmd.com) Mrs. Cumberbatch explained that she has been a diabetic for the last 30 years or so
Necrotizing fasciitis is a bacterial infection that is very serious and sometimes fatal. This disease spreads very quickly and destroys soft tissue in your body. This disease is caused by multiple bacteria: group A strep, E.coli, Klebsiella (causes pneumonia), Clostridium (causes diarrhea), Staphylococcus (causes staph infections), and Aeromonas hydrophila (causes diseases in almost all organisms, hard to resist). The bacteria group A strep is the leading cause for necrotizing fasciitis. One of the
Prevention of Ulcers Currently health care facilities use individual, multi-component interventions, or series of interventions to prevent pressure ulcers. Either health care staff is not implementing these strategies into their patient’s care or some changes obviously need to be made. Interventions to prevent pressure ulcers consist of using the Braden Scale for initial and repeated skin assessments to determine the patient’s risks for pressure ulcers, specialized support mattresses, heel supports
Pressure ulcer is also known as bedsore. There is a skin lesion, which is caused by number of factors, that include friction and unrelieved pressure. Body that can be affected; bony or cartilaginous areas such as elbows, knees and ankles are commonly affected. The bedridden patient for extended period are more prone to get pressure ulcer. Bedsore is one of the most common complication in elderly group and due to increase in rapid population, there is high prevalence of pressure ulcer which can lead
A Sacral decubitus ulcer is used interchangeably as a pressure ulcer or pressure sore, which is commonly diagnosed by prolonged pressure to the skin. A decubitus ulcer forms when constant pressure is put on skin and can damage the underlying tissue (Mayo Clinic, 2014). For example, persistent sitting in a wheelchair. It is an injury to the skin that is usually over a bony prominence like the sacrum (Kirman, C. et al. 2014). The National pressure ulcer advisory panel (NPUAP) explains that these sores
down hydrogen peroxide because hydrogen peroxide is poisonous and is a product when the liver breaks down waste therefore enzymes (catalase) must be made in order to deal with it. When the enzyme catalase is added to hydrogen peroxide, oxygen gas is
Investigating Viscosity Aim --- To investigate how the temperature of a fluid affects its viscosity. Method ------ Apparatus Required ------------------ * Water bath * Thermometer * Measuring cylinder * Steel ball bearing * Micrometer * Balance * Honey (100cm3) * Stopwatch * Ruler Plan ---- * Measure the radius of the ball bearing and also find its weight. * Find the mass of the honey. Weighing an empty measuring cylinder and then the same
In chemistry there are many renowned scientists. One of the more well-known scientists is John Dalton. He revolutionized the way we view chemistry through his observations and theories. He had many theories that still affect us in the present day. One that stands out in particular is his atomic theory. Without all of his contributions our modern world could not thrive like it is currently. John Dalton from a very young age was intelligent. Born in 1766 Cumberland, England he grew up with his family
Nozzle A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area, and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them. In nozzle velocity of fluid increases on the expense of its pressure energy with decreasing pressure. Nozzle have many types and each of them has special uses. The nozzle types are high velocity, propelling
storage tank, hot oil expansion drum, hot oil circulation pumps and hot oil heater. Hot oil is first circulated by Hot Oil Circulation Pumps (P-1301A/B) through Hot Oil Heater (H-1301) where temperature of hot oil rises to 135°C. Low-pressure (LP) fuel gas is used in burners of hot oil heater. The hot oil outlet temperature of H-1301 is controlled by adjusting heater burner firing. From hot oil heater the hot oil is passed through column reboilers, providing the required heat duty and then back to the
non-linear partial differential equations that describes the spatiotemporal evolution of a fluid (gas). Both equations are derived from conservative principles and they model the behavior of some macroscopic variables namely: mass density, velocity and temperature. The evolution of a fluid (gas) can also be described by the exact dynamics of the individual particles that constitutes the fluid (gas) in terms of Newton equations. However, this is complicated in the sense that in order to compute the
This number can be used to determine the thermal conductivity of gases at high temperature and it also delivers us the information about the thickness of thermal and hydrodynamic boundary layer. 2.5 Reynolds Number In fluid mechanics, the dimensionless quantity, fraction of inertial forces to viscous forces, is known as Reynolds Number. Reynolds number can be shown as ,
The oven serves to control the temperature of the column within a few tenths of a degree to conduct precise work. The oven can be operated in two manners: isothermal programming or temperature programming. In isothermal programming, the temperature of the column is held constant throughout the entire separation. The optimum column temperature for isothermal operation is about the middle point of the boiling range of the sample. However, isothermal programming works best only if the boiling point
that the aerosol can is quite a complex container. An aerosol is not a simple cleaner or polish; it is a colloidal system. That means it consists of finely divided liquid or solid particles, called a product, dispersed in and surrounded by a gas. The most commonly used gases, or propellants, are chlorinated hydrocarbons, butane, propane, isobutane, vinyl chloride, and nitrogen. Nitrogen is used particularly for products when the taste or smell of the propellant is not desired in the product
Investigation Into the Effect of Temperature On the Rate of Respiration of Yeast Preliminary Work For my preliminary work, I am working with 35ml of yeast. I think that this is the best volume to use as it is about ¾ of a test tube full, and it allows for the yeasts expansion when heated. I am trying to find out the best range of temperatures to be used in finding out the respiration of the yeast, and I am also trying to find an equilibration time that can be used in the main experiment
paintballs by pushing them with a gas. The way in which they did this was to put the gases, either Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide or Nitrogen under extreme pressure until they turned into a liquid and once they are in a liquid form they can be blown into a tank which probably looks something like this. Carbon Dioxide must be under a pressure of at least 415.8 kPaA For it to turn into liquid form. Oxygen and Nitrogen are very similar to this. The way in which the gas is let out is that there is a needle
Lava Lamp Lab - Conclusion What might happen if I were to try to mix water, oil, food coloring and Alka seltzer. I had the hypothesis that if I mix all these things that it would make bubbles of gas. So I tried it. Using the materials provided in class, I found that water and oil don’t mix at all. The oil ended up on top of the water. Meanwhile the food coloring and water almost effortlessly mixed at first contact. After recording the mass of the alka seltzer, I dropped it right it into the test
heating baking soda test, and the tea test. To determine the effect of heating baking soda heated baking soda is compared to two different controls to isolate the properties of baking soda when it is heated. Then to determine that baking soda causes gas to be produced when heated The Empty test tube test provides a control for the heating baking soda test; it shows what reactions happen when the test tube is heated with the apparatus attached. During the test the apparatus is set up and
of the law in words. For an ideal gas at constant temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional to each other. • What are the assumptions of Boyle’s law? Idea gas behavior for a fixed amount of gas and constant temperature. • Write mathematical equations that represent the law. P1V1 = P2V2 • What can be calculated using Boyle’s law? Changes in pressure and volume of gases. • Using a bicycle tire pump as an example, describe what happens to the gas molecules that behave according to