What are gallstones? Gallstones usually form in the gallbladder when liquid stored hardens into pieces of stone like material. Also, gallstones can form anywhere in the intrahepatic, hepatic, common bile, or cystic ducts. The liquid, called bile is used to help the body digest fats. Bile is made in the liver, and then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs to digest fat. At that time, the gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into a duct which carries it to the small intestine, where
gallbladder. “About 90 % of cholecystitis is caused by gallstones, often found blocking the cystic duct” (Baldwin 2008). Bile becomes trapped in the gallbladder and causes pressure and irritation. Gallstones are mostly composed of cholesterol. Solid lumps develop when the bile that is stored crystallizes. Other gallbladder stones can be composed of calcium salts or bilirubin, the end product of red blood cell destruction. Research indicates that gallstone disease is the most common abdominal reason for
the different types of gallstones, what race and gender are most affected, symptoms, modalities used to diagnose cholelithiasis, and the treatments used for cholelithiasis. Cholelithiasis is the medical term for gallstones, which are located within the gallbladder (Figure 1). It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. According to Lack (2003), there are two major types of gallstones: cholesterol and non-cholesterol pigmented stones. Gallstones are primarily composed of
Heartburn and Gallstones Heartburn is the inflammation of the esophagus. It is also known as pyrosis. The major cause of heartburn is reflux. This is when the esophagus bottom edges are not tightly shut, and acid moves form the stomach up into the esophagus. Hiatus Hernia's also cause heartburn. This also occurs when the ends of the esophagus are not shut, and the stomach lining moves up the esophagus. There are many other causes of heartburn, some of which being: obesity, drinking hot or cold
The earliest known gallstone dates back to the twenty-first Egyptian Dynasty sometime between 1085-945 B.C., that was discovered in the mummy of a priestess of Amen. This ancient specimen was destroyed, unfortunately, in the bombing of England during World War Two. Gallstones or cholelithiasis were first described and further researched in the fifth century by the Greek physician named Alexander Trallianus. Trallianus wrote about stones within the bile ducts. Trallianus wrote about stones in the
Abstract Gallstones are a very common disease affecting the digestive system. It is also known as cholelithiasis. There are many causes for gallstones, some that can be prevented from occurring, and other ways. There are many ways to detect gallstones, and there are also some surgeries that are used to remove them. The gallbladder is part of the digestive system, which is where gallstones are formed. It is located right under the liver and attached by the hepatic ducts, through
complicated Meckel’s diverticulum (MD). Most reported complications include hemorrhage, perforation, obstruction (from intessusception or volvulus) and neoplasia. In our case the patient had a proximal small bowel obstruction secondary to gallstone ileus with impaction of two smaller stones at a MD. This is exceptionally rare with only 3 cases having been reported in the literature. The techniques for surgical resection of MD are simple diverticulectomy or a
Gallbladder Disease: Gallstones and Cholecystitis The gallbladder is a small organ that is located under the liver. The purpose of the gallbladder is to store bile and bile is a fluid made by the liver that helps digest fat. The gallbladder releases bile through a tube called the common bile duct. The common bile duct connects the gallbladder and liver to the small intestine. There are several conditions that can affect the gallbladder. This is called “gallbladder disease”, the term refers to any
approxiamately 10 to 20 percent of the population in the United States and Western Europe are currently being affected by Gallbladder attacks. Thesis statement: These attacks are mainly caused by the development of gallstones in the gallbladder. II. Definition. A. Gallbladder B. Gallstones III. Causes. A. Obesity B. Estrogen C. Ethnicity D. Age and gender IV. Symptoms. A. Chronic indigestion B. Sudden, steady and moderate-to- intense pain in your upper abdomen C
gallbladder is a storage unit for bile. The job of bile is to emulsify fat. Also in the gallbladder, hard deposits of bile can form. Those hard deposits are called gallstones and they can be quite painful. The pain that Ms. Martha is feeling is because of those gallstones. It is blocking the drainage system of the gallbladder. If the gallstone was to get dislodged, it would travel through the cystic duct and out
female gender; use of oral contraceptives; American Indian ancestry; gallbladder, pancreatic, or ileal disease; low HDL cholesterol level and hypertriglyceridemia; and gene-environmental interactions (Doig &Huether, 2014). Causes: The housing of a gallstone in the cystic duct almost always causes both forms. This occlusion produces the gallbladder to become enlarged and inflamed. Pressure against the distended wall of the gallbladder decreases blood flow. Ischemia, necrosis, and perforation
Liquid Diets Obesity is one of the most common problems faced by people today. Since thirty-four million Americans are estimated to be obese, one out of every three Americans must live with this disorder. Obesity is defined as a body weight consisting of 20% or more above the standard ideal weight (http://www-med.stanford.edu/school/DGIM/Teaching/Modules/obesity.html#RTFToC12). In order to reduce obesity, most invest in diet and exercise programs. Recently, liquid diets have been positively
The pancreas is an important organ in digest system. This organ controls human sugar levels and produces a special juice that release the nutrients from food. It is located behind stomach and hormones is helps to break down the food. It aids digestion by producing a special tonic made of water, sodium bicarbonate and digestive enzyme. Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the stomach is natural acidity, so these digestive enzymes can perform their jobs. Main function of endocrine of pancreas is to produce
that helps your body digest fats (bile). Most of the time, cholecystitis occurs suddenly (acute cholecystitis). This happens when a hard deposit (gallstone) develops and gets stuck in the tube (cystic duct) that carries bile from your gallbladder to your small intestine. Many people develop gallstones but do not develop cholecystitis. If the gallstone stays in place, inflammation and a backup of bile will make your gallbladder swollen and painful. Bacteria may also start to grow in your gallbladder
Cholelithiasis Miss Jennifer Heart, after many episodes of pain in the upper right quadrant of her abdomen, decreased appetite, nausea, pain in the right shoulder that radiate down her back decided to go to a local GP. Miss Jennifer has been diagnosed with gallstone with some episode of cholecystitis. Miss Heart informed the nurse that her diet has changed since she started working as a nanny and she does not know how to balance her diet. Pathophysiology For the human body to function, proper nutrition is necessary
the gland. It occurs when digestives enzymes start digesting the pancreas itself. Pancreatitis has two types; acute or chronic and either type can be life-threatening and have some serious complications. What are the causes? Alcohol abuse and gallstones are the two main causes of pancreatitis, accounting for 80% to 90% of all individuals diagnosed with the condition.
Gallbladder is a green pear-shaped muscular saclike organ measuring 7.5 to 10cm long. It is located inferiorly to the right lobe of liver as well as superiorly to the pancreas and duodenum. The main function of the gallbladder is to store a small amount of bile and release it into small intestine. Bile is produced in liver by hepatic cells, which contains cholesterol, bile salts, body salts and bilirubin. Gallbladder concentrates bile by absorbing water and salts. Bile then release into the cystic
The Problems of Too Much Fat in a Body [IMAGE][IMAGE]Fats are compounds called trigylcerides, formed by a condensation reaction between glycerol and usually 3 fatty acids (the bond is called as ester linkage). The molecule is quite large and has long hydrocarbon tails. If every carbon atom is joined by a single C-C bond then we say it is SATURATED, if there is a double carbon bond C=C then we say this is unsaturated. [IMAGE] A chain with many C=C bonds is polyunsaturated. Most animal
of enthusiasm for work. For instance, you get issues, for example, hypertension, coronary illness, sort 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, nonalcoholic greasy sickness, stroke, metabolic disorder, irregular blood fat, rest apnea, conceptive issues, and gallstones and so on. Something else to pay heed is that heftiness is hereditary, which means you can pass it off to your children. Currently about 30% or more of citizens in the United States are obese. Majority of the citizens with obesity are
Epigastric pain is felt in the middle of the upper abdomen, mostly between the ribs and the bellybutton. Epigastric pain may be mild of severe as the case may be. It is noted that the pain may radiate to other parts of the body (Micromedex, 2016). Signs and symptoms depends on what is causing the pain. Some of the differential diagnoses for epigastric pain include; Cholecystitis, pancreatitis and peptic ulcer (Leik, 2014) Cholecystitis- This is one of the reasons why people get epigastric pain.