The hypothesis of this report is that the military reforms instituted by Gaius Marius ultimately paved the way for the fall of the Roman Republic. The reforms instituted by Marius were designed as a way to strengthen the Republic by professionalizing the Roman military, but instead resulted in long term political consequences that contributed to the decline of the Republic and the creation of the Empire. In this report, the decline of the republic specifically refers to the loss of the Senate’s
Cassandra Casares 2-11-14 Paper #1 Marius paved the road that inspired many to follow in his footsteps, as Caesar and Octavian, which led to the breakdown of the Republic. Marius held consulship for a record breaking seven years, completely disregarding the Lex Annalis, and leaving the senate looking slightly powerless in the eyes of its people. Also, Marius used war and corruption on his side in order to hold his political power in Rome, knowing full well he was needed to fend off invasions especially
The Military Reforms of Gaius Marius. Bradley Berry When we think of the great empires of the past, the one that probably influenced western culture the most, would have to be the Roman Empire. It was so large that at the height of it’s power, the Roman Empire encompassed all of the Mediterranean sea going as far north as Britain, and as far east as ancient Babylon. Many different people groups and cultures were affected by the Roman Empire. They built many great wonders, many roads to connect
n.d. Gelzer, Matthias. The Roman Nobility. New York: Barnes & Noble, Inc., 1969. Jaczynowska, Maria. "The Economic Differentiation of the Roman Nobility at the End of the Republic." Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte , 1962: 486-499. Marius, Gaius. "Selections From Sallust." In Classics In Translation Volume II: Latin Literature, by Paul MacKendrink and Herbert M. Howe, 89-91. Wiscon/sin: University of Wisconsin Press, n.d. Brill’s Encyclopedia of the Ancient World New Pauly, v.3., s.v
This essay is intended to exonerate Gaius Julius Caesar from the sole responsibility of causing the collapse of the Roman Republic. This essay will explore the compounded actions of notable figures including Tiberus Gracchus, Gaius Gracchus, Lucius Cornelius Sulla and Augustus Caesar. By exploring both the actions of, and the means by which the prominent actors of this time period influenced it, this essay will illustrate how the destruction of the Republic was a gradual process encompassing the
has been continued since he started becoming warrior under Gaius Marius. He began his conquest around the continent under Marius and fought in the Social War in 90 BC. At first no one believed of his capacity ... ... middle of paper ... ...own by the people from their rooftops and walls. Sulpicius tried to oppose Sulla through the streets. The resolution of the troops made Sulla bring fire into houses to strengthen their valour. Marius’ continuous attempts were almost successful if not for the
reactionary, and was a great enemy of Gaius Marius. He fought in the Jugurthine War against Marius and was exiled by him before Numidicus was brought back to rome with the help of his son Pius ("Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus "). Infact, that is why Pius received the name "Pius", meaning dutiful and respectful ("Metellus"). Like his father, Pius was a strong Optimate and supporter of Lucius Cornelius Sulla. Pius opposed Gaius Marius and fought against what Marius stood for ("Quintus Caecilius Metellus
When many people think of Rome, they think of the famous Julius Caesar. Julius Caesar is well known for his many victories in Rome, as well as his interesting family life. Caesar was born into a well known family, so his family life and experiences were often well known throughout Rome. With that being said, one of the most important factors in the Roman society was family. Family has always been an important factor in my life, so it’s important to me to understand what family life was like in Rome
consul Gaius Marius in the war against king Jugurtha of Numidia. Before Sulla's involvement most of Rome's efforts had failed, but Sulla brought an advantage to the Romans. Even though Rome defeated Jugurtha tensions between Sulla and Marius began to grow. Sulla believed he was the real reason for Rome's victory. Soon the two were back together and this time they were defending Rome against the Germanic people. Sulla provided excellent military service and leadership. Sulla and Marius soon defeated
(Plutarch, p. 327). Plutarch was a Greek historian who wrote more than a century after Sulla’s death. Some of his pieces are polemical, that is, his writings possibly arise from scurrilous tracts, written by political adversaries of his subjects. As Marius’ quaestor, he had captured Jugurtha and won the loyalty of his fellow soldiers, sparking a later brutal animosity between the pair. This talent for winning the loyalty of soldiers never deserted Sulla, and that fact would have terrible consequences
as dictator was to reform the Roman republic. Along with political change, Sulla’s reign led to instability, both socially and economically. Sulla’s first major appearance in Roman history can be considered as Marius’ quaestor during the campaign against Jugurtha in 107. He served under Marius in Africa and against tribes from Germany. Sulla served This march had more bloodshed than the first, giving Sulla more power than his predecessors. In November 82, after his second successful march on Rome,
ruled and how his ruling lead to the downfall of the Roman Republic (Plutarch, 79 B.C.E. Life of Sulla). According to, Franco Cavazzi, a current accredited unprejudiced Roman Historian, Sulla’s first major achievement was becoming Marius’s Lieutenant. Marius was not a Roman nor patrician but still managed to be elected 7 times, he lead the army to many victories and was well recognised for them. (Gill, N.S. 2014) (Cavazzi, F. 2002) It was during Sulla’s service under Marius’s command in the military,
The Significance of the Gracchi "When Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus sought to establish the liberty of the common people and expose the crimes of the oligarchs, the guilty nobles took fright and opposed their proceedings by every means at their disposal" - Cicero. The Gracchi brothers were clearly well intentioned men who had the interests of Rome at heart, instead of their own, which was a common attitude amongst the other senators. The reforms of the Gracchi were long over-due and their programs
Rome on September 29, 106 bc, into a senatorial family; his father was Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo, he was in the consul in 89 bc. When Pompey was just 17 he fought, along with his father, on the side of Lucius Cornelius Sulla against the army of Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna. In the year of 84 bc he had raised three legions defeat Marian army. Pompey later defeated Marian army. Then Pompey was sent to destroy the rest of the Marian army in Africa and Sicily. On his triumphant return to Rome
born on September 29, 106 BC. He was four years older than Julius Caesar. Pompey’s father was a rich Roman noble, who was elected to the consul in 89 BC. Pompey distinguished himself as a great leader early in his life. In the civil war between Gaius Marius and Lucius Sulla, Pompey sided with Sulla. Sulla, with the help of Pompey, made some vary impressive defeats in Africa and Sicily. In 79 BC Sulla resigned and died the next year. Two of his patrons, who had fought for him, Pompey and Marcus Crassus
Cornelius Cinna (Schlesinger 30). Cinna took power in 82bc when Rome’s leader at the time Gaius Marius died. Marius was married to Caesar’s Aunt Julia. Marius was killed in battle with one of his great enemies Sulla. Soon after this battle Sulla died also, but he still had many allies. Marius had let Caesar help him while he was leader by doing small jobs. Caesar gained much experience while helping out Marius. When Caesar was 25 he set sail for the island of Rhodes. But, on the way a band of pirates
1832 Revolution. As Cosette matures, she falls in love with Marius, a young revolutionist. Despite the objections of Jean Valjean, Cosette continues to secretly visit Marius at night. During the revolution, Marius is injured badly and Jean Valjean, after finding a love note from Marius to Cosette, quickly comes to the rescue of the wounded gentleman. Eventually Jean Valjean and Marius' Grandfather consent to the wedding of Cosette and Marius. In this novel, "there is a point at which... ... middle
characteristics of the characters in Les Miserables. Readers look for a hero that they relate with, so the hero who possesses admirable qualities as well as demeaning faults appeals to most people. The heroes of Les Miserables, Jean Valjean and Marius, both portray average men with flaws in their character. Jean Valjean, the main character, steals from a bishop who treated Valjean decently when other people only saw him as a convict. This single act makes Valjean appear ruthless, but later in
Civil War on Pompey In 49 B.C., Gaius Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon with his army, declaring civil war on Pompey and his supporters in the Senate. In this paper, I will explore the political and legal issues that pushed Caesar to the brink. Looking at Rome’s political struggles at the dawn of the first century B.C., it becomes apparent that the groundwork for Caesar’s Republic shattering revolt was lain down by Marius and Sulla. To be more specific, the stage was set by the class struggles
characters search in vain for fulfillment in wasteful and trivial pursuits. Fitzgerald portrays the American Dream by as a pure fairy tale. Many critics question what Gatsby’s role is in this text is and how it applies to the American Dream. In Marius Bewley’s “Scott Fitzgerald’s Criticism of America,” the critic argues that Fitzgerald is able to “mythicize” Gatsby by never permitting him to “become soiled by the touch of realism” (Bewley 14). Bewley believes that Gatsby is “a creature of myth