Theresa, the eldest daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI and Elizabeth Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, was born in Vienna on May 13, 1717. Early Life When the only son of Charles VI died and left no heir to the throne, Charles furthered the Pragmatic Sanction. The Pragmatic Sanction is a royal act, which allowed a female to inherit the territories of the Habsburg. In 1736 Maria Theresa married Francis Stephen of Lorraine. The marriage of Maria to Francis was one of love, which was very unlike
Vienna, she reigned over Austria, Hungary,Croatia, Bohemia, Transylvania, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma. By marriage, she was Duchess of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of Tuscany and Holy Roman Empress. She started her 40-year reign when her father, Emperor Charles VI, died in October 1740. Although she had been given no formal training to succeed to her father when he died ,he constantly living in the hopes of siring a male heir,Marie Theresa did however rule her various
When and Where Maria Theresa’s 40 year reign began on October 20, 1740, right after her father passed away and gave the throne to her. She ruled over Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Glacia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma. Maria Theresa was the last of the House of Habsburg and the only ever female ruler of the Habsburg dominions. Her Accomplishments Maria Theresa was the Archduchess of Austria, the Queen of Bohemia, and the Queen of Hungary. She wanted to make
The Congress of Vienna was a series of conferences held in Vienna, from 1814-1815. In which many European heads of government met to establish long-lasting piece, preventing revolution and any other nations from becoming to powerful, on the European continent after the defeat of Napoleon. Even though many countries came together to discus an issue, “the Congress of Vienna was more successful than many other peace meetings in history” (Beck, 241). The most influential of these representatives was
a confident leader who put little faith in popular opinion or sentiment because he believed that the common man was too fickle in his loyalties and too inept to understand the magnitude of foreign policy. He was a loyal "servant" to the Austrian Emperor, even though Metternich was the true head of the Empire's government. Prince Klemens von Metternich was a complex individual that embodied the principles of 19th century conservatism and, through his Congress of Vienna, led the major European powers
one of the cause of French Revolution? Was she really a cause of the French Revolution? Marie Antoinette was born on November 2, 1755 at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria, and in a rich family. She was one of the fifteen children of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa. She was the youngest daughter but second youngest child among those fifteen children. She lacked of education, so her handwriting was not easy to understand. Instead of liberal art lessons, she had more interested
Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette was the wife of King Louis XVI of France. She was born in 1755 in France and was the daughter of the Great Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa of Austria. Because here parents came from two countries at war with each other, their marriage formed a peace treaty. Marie was very spoiled and grew up with an extravagant lifestyle. She herself became the wife of the next heir to the French throne to further keep the peace. The heir was Louis XVI, who was a very dull
life in France. Known as Catherine de’ Medici Her full name was Caterina Maria Romola di Lorenzo de' Medici when she moved to France. Her mother was a French princess who was known as, Madeleine de la Tour d'Auvergne Her father was Lorenzo de' Medici II. she became an orphan
Maria Theresa was born on May 13, 1717 of the parents of Charles VI and Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Maria was the eldest daughter of Charles VI. She was born in Vienna, Austria. Her father was the emperor of Austria he was the last male emperor because his son died. Since she did not have a brother she would mostly likely be the one to take the throne from her father when he dies. Her father asked other countries to sign the Pragmatic Sanction to allow Maria Theresa to be an empress
In 1755, my mother, Maria Theresa – the ruler of the Habsburg Empire – gave birth to me in Vienna, Austria. I was Maria Theresa and Francis I’s 15th child and fourth daughter. I became the Queen of France and was executed during the French Revolution. At the age of 14, I was sent to France and to the Palace of Versailles. When I had my first appearance in France, there was a large crowd of 50,000 Parisians that grew with so much excitement until at least 30 people died from getting trampled over
titles and was a member of the House of Hapsburg. He was a strict Roman Catholic and did not have any tolerance for Protestants. Shortly after he was named ruler of Bohemia he rapidly pursued catholic reform with much success. He resolved many conflicts in Bohemia and throughout the Holy Roman Empire. Many historians believe Ferdinand II to be one of the most determined and dedicated monarch in the House of Hapsburgs. Ferdinand II descended from the Styrian line of the Hapsburgs. He was born in Graz
Cassiopeia shocked the scientific community because it suggested that the universe was not in fact perfect and unchanging, as it was believed to be at the time. With the discovery of this "new" star, Brahe dedicated himself to astronomy. Frederick II, king of Denmark and Norway, provided Tycho with funds to construct and equip an astronomical observatory on the island of Hven in 1576. Brahe named this observatory Uraniborg. For 20 years, the observatory was the center for astronomical study and
Frederick the Great of Prussia and Joseph II of Austria adopted the newfound ideas of the Enlightenment to different extents with Frederick the Great advancing the ideas by implementing religious toleration, freedom of speech and press, and setting a single code of laws for all of his subjects and not advancing them by not abolishing serfdom for fear of upsetting the “Junkers”, or Prussian nobility; Joseph II advanced the ideas of the Enlightenment eagerly by completely abolishing serfdom paying
1198 the recently elected Pope Innocent III began preaching for another Crusade that would attempt to regain control of the Holy Land, as the Third Crusade left Saladin, a Muslim leader, in control of Jerusalem. Innocent III began preparing for war, and formed an agreement with the Venetians, stating that the Crusaders would pay the Venetians for transportation to the Holy Land. Innocent III overestimated his forces, and needed less supplies than he requested, however, Venice still wanted the full
The Holy Roman Empire between 1197-1218 Between 1197 and 1218 the Holy Roman Empire became a medieval soap opera. The main characters were Pope Innocent III, Fredrick II, Phillip of Swabbia, and Otto IV. King Phillip of France would also play a major role along with Constance, mother of Fredrick II. The background from this period of 21 years was riveting. In 1197 Henry VI, king of Sicily, and the Holy Roman Empire died leaving his two year old son Fredrick II as king of Sicily. However Phillip
all good order.” Catherine the Great said that Peter “did no... ... middle of paper ... ...“did not amount to complete emancipation or civil and religious equality” for all. In conclusion, the rulers in the second half of the C20th- Joseph II and Catherine the Great were more enlightened than their predecessors Maria-Theresa and Peter the Great, who realised that they had not done the good that they could have done. But Catherine and Joseph’s reforms cannot be said to be wholly enlightened
Tycho Brahe (December 14, 1546 - October 24 1601) was a Danish mathematician known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations. He was born in Scania, which used to be part of Denmark, Now part of modern day Sweden. Brahe was raised by his wealthy uncle. Brahe studied at colleges in Copenhagen and Leipzig. His family requested him to study law, but he pursued astronomy instead. At 20 years old, Tycho fought a fellow student to determine who was the better mathematician
their authority on the grounds of usefulness, not divine right. These new monarchs were rational and reformist and they regarded political change as possible and desirable. Frederick the Great, Catherine the Great, and Joseph II are good examples of Enlightened Despots. Frederick II (Frederick the Great), the most famous Prussian absolute monarch and a military genius, pursued an aggressive foreign policy. In 1740 he seized from Austria the province of Silesia. His action culminated in a major European
Enlightenment Ideas and Political Figures of The Enlightenment Era The Enlightenment of the 18th century was an exciting period of history. For the first time since ancient Grecian times, reason and logic became center in the thoughts of most of elite society. The urge to discover and to understand replaced religion as the major motivational ideal of the age, and the upper class social scene all over Europe was alive with livid debate on these new ideas. A French playwright who went by the
Having been enlightened by common philosophies of his time during his short reign of the Habsburg Empire in the late 1700s, the despot, Joseph II, having a clear vision of his empire as powerful and benevolent, employed his power to enact many long desired, Enlightenment-influenced reforms over his people. The Despot’s reigning ideas were characterized as modern and enlightened as they followed the rational thought presented by popular philosophes, including Voltaire, Father Hidalgo, and Thomas Jefferson