distances and increased control while driving in inclement conditions. All these developments have been possible because a certain device, the ECU, was integrated into the automobiles. An Electronic Control Unit or ECU (also known as an "engine management system") is an electronic device, basically a computer, in an internal combustion engine that reads several sensors in the engine and uses the information to control the fuel injection and ignition systems of the engine. This approach allows an
machine. This career is great for any car enthusiast. It covers all aspects of the automobile. There is nothing that can’t be changed or modified to perform and look its best. Some of the most desired parts to customize are: Wheels, Body kits, paint, engine parts, seats, gauges, window tint. There is nothing too challenging that a tuning shop can’t accomplish. An automotive tuning shop is run similar to a lot of business. You starts your day early in the morning. To prepare the shop for the days work
surroundings. It plays a very important role in automotive vehicles in determining the amount of oxygen present in the exhaust gases. By knowing the same, we can improve electronic fuel injection and emission control. They he to observe in real-time if the air-to-fuel ratio of combustion engine is rich or lean. Since the sensor is present in the exhaust system, they do not directly determine the optimality of the air-to-fuel ratio, but when the information of the sensor is coupled with information
Traditional software tests do not cover all the hardware faults on a chip. Traditional methodologies have bottleneck which are critical chip area not covered under test, expensive testing, exhaustive and less efficient test strategy, difficult to test memory or logic array, stuck at fault not discovered during test and many more issues. To have a quality hardware we need to test it effectively and come up with a test strategy for the same. In this paper, a very effective and powerful testing methodology
Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in aninternal combustion engine, most commonlyautomotive engines, by the means of aninjector. All diesel engines use fuel injection by design.Petrol engines can use gasoline direct injection, where the fuel is directly delivered into the combustion chamber, or indirect injection where the fuel is mixed with air before the intake stroke. On petrol engines, fuel injection replacedcarburetors from the 1980s onward.[1] The primary difference between carburetors
proposed to be used in the research done during the primary research phase. About the company Cummins Inc., a leader in global power, is a corporation of complementary business units that manufacture, design, distributes and service engines and related technologies, including air handling, fuel systems, filtration, controls, emission solutions and electrical power generation systems. Cummins headquarter is in Columbus, Indiana, USA. Cummins has approximately 46,000 employees and serves customers in
tea, and coffee stains from most fabrics. Make a solution with water and scrub your sink! Water your plants with a peroxide solution to make them perky! It is the first element of the periodic table, and has an atomic weight of 1 amu (atomic weight unit), making it the lightest element in existence. The symbol... ... middle of paper ... ...ide poisoning, either. High-temperature operations has its disadvantages. It requires thermal shielding for other equipment, as well as personnel. It requires
strategy in pursuit of its mission. (Cummins2) SWOT – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats Cummins Inc. is one of the leading power development companies that conducts the design, manufacture and distribution of diesel and natural gas engines plus providing related services. The company’s massive production and distribution network, strong liquidity and comprehensive offerings are the major strengths, even as dependence on single supplier and drop in operational achievement are areas
types of gas turbine engines and state their pros and cons with respect to their operation, construction and installation arrangement Gas turbine engines are broken into four different types, the turbojet engine, the turbofan engine, the turboprop engine, and the turboshaft engine. Turbofan and turboprop engines will only be given detailed study. Turboprop Engine Turboprop engine is almost the same as turbofan since it is also equipped with a fan on the front section of the engine, which is the propeller
The TWC purifies engine exhaust by oxidising CO and HC to CO2 and H2O, and reducing NOx to N2. A matrix of thousands of parallel channels gives modern monolith TWCs the desired combination of large surface area and low-pressure drop. Large surface area is needed for high reaction rates, and pressure drop must be small to not adversely affect engine performance. The substrate, made of cordierite, is coated with a very high surface area washcoat comprising mainly of alumina, ceria, is dispersed over
execute itself without the any support from external. Now a day, we can see that there are appliances in everywhere which is developed by microcontroller. For instance, aircraft, vehicle engines, microwaves, fuel injection system, robots, and so on. For the application of microcontroller, I would like to use vehicle engine as my choice. In recent year, the requirements of customer for a vehicle are making the designer headache no matter on safety, performance, entertainment, or new facilities of a car
of an engine to build up the engine's performance and efficiency. These sensors are responsible for each and every movement of the engine and are of three types: • Engine control: Sensors which are responsible for the smooth performance of the engine. They take care of the engine's speed and torque, fuel injection level, air-fuel mixture ratio and so on. • Engine diagnostic: These sensors are to diagnose any misfires inside the engine, to check the coolant and engine oil levels and to control the
Responding on the first alarm were Engines 1, 6, 12, and 13, along with Ladders 1 and 5, Rescue 1, and Car 3. Engine 1 was first to arrive on the scene at 1816 hours and reported heavy smoke showing. Units were assigned to search the building for victims and locate the fire. At 1819 hours, car 3 arrived on scene and assumed command (IC#1) and requested a second alarm be struck due to the size of the building. Units responding on the second alarm were Engines 2 and 16, Aerial Scope 2, and Car
starter – the bell housing is part of the transmission system on a gasoline (also known as petrol) or diesel powered vehicle. It is bolted to the engine block and contains the flywheel and the torque converter or clutch of the transmission. The starter motor is usually mounted here engaging with a ring gear on the flywheel. On the opposite end to the engine is usually bolted the gearbox. Bucket seat – a seat contoured to hold one person, distinct from bench seats which are flat platforms designed to
This movement of the shoes forces the pistons inward, returning the fluid to the master cylinder reservoir. Power Brakes (1940s~present) Power brake units used on passenger cars are of four general types: vacuum suspended; air suspended; hydraulic booster, and electro-hydraulic booster. Most power brakes use vacuum suspended units, which contains a large vacuum-powered booster device to provide the added thrust to the typical power-brake. Pressure on the brake pedal pushes forward a
operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit that can change the order of operations based on stored information. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, and the result of operations saved and
Fuel oil Systems; Marine Engines are mainly designed to run on Low cost fuel such as Diesel Oil or Heavy Fuel Oil which contains high dense particles, waste residue and other contaminants. These materials should not be pumped into the engine directly as they will damage the engine and decrease the efficiency. So first these materials are to be removed from the fuel oil and then the purified oil is supplied to the engine for better performance. So, this plays a very important role in the efficient
In this Unit 3 Assignment, Caterpillar’s Chief Sustainability Officer (CSO) whom hired me has informed me that Caterpillar’s CEO is resistant to the idea of investing more resources into Caterpillar’s sustainability programs. It is my understanding that the CEO believes that environmental initiatives that have been presented and in place do not help the company’s bottom line and therefore should not be continued. Within this paper I will briefly discuss the information that is covered within Caterpillar’s
a flexible RDBMS called Oracle7. Using its features, you can store and manage data with all the advantages of a relational structure plus PL/SQL, an engine that provides you with the ability to store and execute program units. The server offers the options of retrieving data based on optimization techniques. It includes security features that control how a database is accessed and used. Other features include consistency and protection of data through locking mechanisms. Oracle applications may run
kits on the Indica V2 XETA. From 28–31 May 2007, the Tata Motors organized a systematic recall after facing with the numerous CNG- related complaints and retrofit of Bedini equipment. This version included a new improved Lamda sensor/electronic control unit, Bedini emulator, and new wiring harness. This harness was approved and tested both Tata and Automotive Research Association of India. Tata Motors aims to improve gas delivery and performance with this new system. The Tata Indica offers good interior