The Metaphysics of John Duns Scotus The ecclesiastical condemnation of Aristoteleanism and Arabian philosophy in 1277, which included some of the theses of Thomas Aquinas, had a profound influence on the subsequent development of medieval philosophy. Of course, opposition to Greco-Arabian philosophy was nothing new in the 13th century. Its opening decades had seen the newly translated work of Aristotle and Averroes forbidden; yet their vogue spread, and in the years that followed a reconciliation
Shusaku Endo's Silence The novel Silence has provoked much discussion on Loyola's campus this semester. As a predominantly Christian community, we find that the themes and dilemmas central to its plot land much closer to home for us than they would for many other schools: to non-Christians, the question of whether to deny (the Christian) God--for any reason--may not necessarily be such a personal one. Jesus' commandments to love God above all and one's neighbor as oneself do not find a parallel
Spring Silkworms Mao Dun, author of "Spring Silkworms", was a twentieth century Chinese novelist, critic, organizer, editor, and advocate for Chinese Communism. According to David Wang, Mao Dun was one of the most versatile Chinese literati among the May Fourth generation. Mao Dun was an advocate and practitioner of European naturalism. Motivated by history and politics, Mao Dun has introduced western literary ideas to China in his novels. As a left wing writer Mao Dun focuses on the peasant's
George W. Russell (AE Æ),- His Life, Paintings and Impact on Irish Culture Introduction George William Russell (Æ), poet, painter, statesman and friend of many. George Russell definitely was all of those things. But why is it that I, a visiting student from the far North, takes such an interest in a man who despite his greatness not many people outside Ireland has heard of. When asked about visual arts in Ireland, names like Jack Yeats, Paul Henry and James Barry might be heard but only people
Complementarite Technique et, Complementarite Esthetique Résumé: Outre l’éducation éthique, il existe aussi, selon le mot de Schiller, une ‘éducation esthétique de l’humanité’, à laquelle le philosophe peut contribuer. Selon la conception moderne (préparée en réalité dès la scolastique, par Saint Bonaventure notamment), la beauté est appréhendée par l’homme dans et par l’expérience esthétique. La présente étude a pour objet d’étudier une expérience esthétique particulière. La beauté d’un corps
when it comes to genetically modifying human embryos (Lastochkina 168). I will use her argument to look at the positives of genetic engineering. For example, I will describe the positive intentions of genetic engineering and connect it back to Duns Scotus’ idea of doing what is virtuous based on what is right. Both Jones and Lastochkina’s arguments
conditioned by the influence of Aristotle. The theory of the universe propounded by the Stagirite had to be reconciled with the traditional Platonic-Augustinian realism. This Thomas Aquinas undertook to do, following, Aristotle as closely as possible. Duns Scotus, on the other hand, attempted to maintain the ancient realism, while supporting it by modern or Aristotelian methods. Interests and tendencies, however, came up in his work which drove his disciples away from his position. The growth of empirical
states, “Or they are fans who cheer from the empty bleachers, hands cupper around their mouths. ‘Absolutely,’ they shout to Duns Scotus and James Baldwin. ‘Yes.’ ‘Bull’s-eye.’ ‘My man!’ Check marks, asterisks, and exclamation points rain down along the sidelines.” This is one way to describe the students as fans shouting support of their favorite authors, by mentioning Duns Scotus, a philosopher, and James Baldwin, an African American novelist. He uses the sports analogy as a way of incorporating the
The existence of the Philosopher king Some see a "state" as an ancient institution, going back to Rome, Greece and before, and theorized by Plato, Aristotle and other classical philosophers. Corruption and poverty, these issues and many more has always been present in every city throughout the history of civilization. Others say that a city or a nation is only as good as its ruler but sometimes series of emperors, kings, presidents and rulers in general has been the sole liable cause of
the school of Scholasticism. William of Ockham’s notable ideas are Ockham’s Razor, Nominalism (Spade; Kaye). It is noteworthy that William of Ockham was the most important schoolman after Thomas Aquinas. He was Duns Scotus’ student at both Oxford University and at Paris. Scotism and Scotus’ writings in general heavily influenced William but he later rivalled Scotism which was a realist approach by rejecting realism. He did this by being the greatest exponent of the Nominalist school, the leading rival
milieu of religion. Throughout the pages, Tillich provides an alternative ontological examination of the necessity in a belief of the Ultimate. The emblematic apologetic approach, as articulated in the works of St. Anselm, William of Ockham, and Duns Scotus, is destabilized by Tillich’s radical exposition that: If God is being – viz., the highest being-in-itself – then God cannot be the “Creator”. Consequently, God must be
difficult to conceptualize the essence of consciousness, as distinct from the sensations, feelings, etc. that are often associated with consciousness. Here we are definitely getting into abstract metaphysics. Medieval philosophers such as Aquinas, Duns Scotus and Suarez faced up to this challenge with a little help from Christian revelation, by speculating about the characteristics and functions of angels or "separate substances," who would presumably exemplify consciousness in its "pure" state, without
Traditional Philosophical Proofs Through studies, “Most arguments for the existence of God, such as; the Teleological Argument, the cosmological Argument, and The Moral argument, are from the ancient world. The Ontological argument comes from medieval times. By the moral argument has modern interest, emanating from works of Immanuel Kant”. (489) All fighting for their meaning to exist. The ontological Argument is the belief that if humans can imagine a God that is an absolute perfect or necessary
1) What were the motives behind the Crusades? Evaluate their outcomes. The most notable motives behind the Crusades include religious zeal, Europe’s large population augmenting, and a staggering number of knights eager to fight in battle. Of these motives, religious zeal was the greatest. The crusaders were already more than willing to fight against the Muslims before Alexius Comnenus asked Pope Urban II to supply him with Norman mercenaries in 1095. Western Europeans loathed Muslims ruling the Holy
some of the mathematicians that were alive before him were; Isaac Beeckman, Plato, Aristotle, Archimedes, Alhazen, Al-Ghazali, Averroes, Avicenna, Anselm, Augustine, Stoics, Aquinas, Ockham, Suarez, Mersenne, Sextus Empiricus, Montaigne, Golius, Duns Scotus. All these mathematicians helped him become/develop his theories. Current opinion is that Descartes had the most influence of anyone on the young Newton, and this is arguably one of Descartes'
(January 2001), pp. 468-469. Oxford English Dictionary. Ed. J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. OED Online. Oxford University Press. 4 Apr. 2000. http://dictionary.oed.com Rumrich, John Peter. "Milton, Duns Scotus, and the Fall of Satan." Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 46, No. 1. (Jan. - Mar., 1985), pp. 33-49. Woods, Susanne. "Introduction." 2001. from Paradise Lost & Paradise Regained. John Milton. Ed. Christopher Ricks. Signet Classic: New
his admirable glossary of cyberterms, the philosopher Michael Heim defines "virtual" as: "A philosophical term meaning 'not actually but just as if'," and he notes that the term in this sense goes back to the thirteenth-century philosopher John Duns Scotus. (1) The word "virtuality" may have been first used to describe interactive computer systems by Theodore Nelson (the inventor of the term "hypertext"), who proposed this definition, in 1980: (2) By the virtuality of a thing I mean the seeming
Capital Punishment and Catholicism 2 sources cited Among the major nations of the Western world, the United States is singular in still having the death penalty. After a five-year moratorium, from 1972 to 1977, capital punishment was reinstated in the United States courts. Objections to the practice have come from many quarters, including the American Catholic bishops, who have rather consistently opposed the death penalty. The National Conference of Catholic Bishops in 1980 published
University of Chicago Press, 2006). Varela, Francisco J., “Neurophenomenology: A methodological remedy for the hard problem”, Journal of consciousness studies 3(4) (1996): pp. 330–49. Virno, Paolo, “Angels and the general intellect: individuation in Duns Scotus and Gilbert Simondon”, Parrhesia 7 (2009): pp. 58–67. Wiener, Norbert, Cybernetics: Or control and communication in the animal and the machine (Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T. Pr, c 1961).
The Theological Arguments For and Against the Ordination of Women to the Priesthood " Women should be kept silent in the churches, for they are not allowed to speak, but should be subordinate, as even the law says .'' (Corinthians 14: 34-35.) Does St.Paul give an interpretation of the culturally conditioned views of his period, or that of Jesus Christ, the Son of God? This question emphasises the ongoing debate over women's ordination within the Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox churches