1. Introduction “The years of slavery are past, The Belgian rejoices once more; Courage restores to him at last, the rights he held of yore, strong and firm his gasp will be; Keeping the ancient flag unfurled; to fling its message on the watchful world: For king, for right, for liberty.” (Belgian National Anthem, 1830). This was what the Belgian sang when they fought for their independence, the song arises some questions on the situation of Belgium before there was a Belgian state or a Belgian Nation
Burgundy is one of the most fascinating of the 22 regions in France, often labeled as the Land of fine art and living, Day to day life is to be enjoyed...but at a snail's pace.The secret is good food and wine with a dash of glorious landscape.One of the highlights of the region is cruising on the canal with a barge trip or self-drive boating holiday. The physical boundaries of La Bourgogne begin to the south east of Paris and to the north of Lyon. It is divided into four departments, the Yonne, the
painted both secular images, such as the Arnolfini Portrait, as well as religious artwork like the Ghent Altarpiece. The focus of this essay is one van Eyck’s paintings, The Virgin and Child with Chancellor Rolin, commissioned by Chancellor Rolin of Burgundy which is currently located at the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. Within this paper, the Flemish oil painting of ca. 1435 will be analyzed in a historical context to interpret its function within a church in Autun, France. Also, the painting will
\Joan’s rescue of Orléans sparked hope for the citizens of Orléans. The ruler, the Duke Charles of Orléans had been captured prisoner in England since the battle of Agincourt in 1415. His half-brother, John the Bastard of Orléans, was commanding in his absence, yet the city was slipping through his fingers. England was seizing control of Orléans, as it was a valuable city to France; Orléans was the bridge from the north and south France and helped with communication and keeping the country in line
Joan of Arc Joan of Arc was born in the village of Domremy in 1412. Like many girls her age she was taught like many other young girls her age not how to read or write but to sew and spin. but unlike some girls her father was a peasant farmer. At a inferior age of thirteen she had experienced a vision known as a flash of light while hearing an unearthly voice that had enjoined her to be diligent in her religious duties and be modest. soon after at the age fifteen she imagined yet another unearthly
Before the beginning of the famous Renaissance, the Church apparently enjoyed being the primary patron of the arts; however, that would eventually change with the emergence of the Renaissance which actually means a ‘rebirth’. The Renaissance era introduces the revival of European arts and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th–16th centuries. Therefore, Renaissance which is a French word brings together an era of both the middle age and the modern age in the cultural history
constant threat from rebels and others seeking power. He conquered out of anger and friendship. William the conquer was the illegitimate child of the mighty Robert I, Duke of Normandy. He Became the Duke when his Father became ill and died returning from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. He was only 8 when this happened thus becoming the Duke of Normandy. He was exposed to violence and disorder due to the new threat of Lords trying to take over his reign. This is stated in source 3 when it says … Even Williams
King Henry VI. “The King had by his side the Dukes of Somerset and Buckingham, Lords Pembroke, Northumberland and Devon and around 2,000 Lancastrian men.” (“Wars of the Roses”) The Yorkists led by the Earls of Salisbury and Warwick attacked the town. Warwick was able to get into the town by an unguarded area and attacked the Lancastrian barricades. While the battle was small it left Henry wounded and captured. Lord Northumberland, Clifford and the Duke of Somerset where dead. “Led by Richard
really have any claim to throne, he managed to get a significant amount of foreign support and did pose a real threat to Henry. He was crowned Edward IV in Ireland, showing the Irish's contempt for Henry, and was also supported by Margaret of Burgundy; one of England's traditional allies. This worried Henry as if one of his 'allies' was prepared to support a pretender, what would his enemies do? Simnel managed to build up a decent army of Irish and German soldiers, but was defeated in 1487
Charter of Cluny is a grant of authority written by Duke William I of Aquitaine and signed by Ingelberga and various other bishops and nobles. The charter was issued in the French city of Bourges and sanctioned by the Archbishop of Bourges. The Foundation Charter of Cluny was produced with the construction of the monastery of Cluny in 910 in Burgundy after Duke William donated a hunting lodge and the surrounding land to a monk of noble birth Mend Berno. Duke William constructed the charter in order to impose
Foreign Policy can be seen as the most significant part of Henry VII’s reign for many reasons; this includes the many treaties and alliances made throughout his reign, such as the Treaty of Perpetual Peace with Scotland, the Treaty of Etaples with France, and the alliance Henry made with Maximillian I of the Holy Roman Empire. These events occurred due to Henry’s foreign policy simply being to retain peace among Europe, and to ensure prosperity in trade and England’s power when possible. This attitude
Joan of Arc Joan of Arc is a French National Heroine who became a Saint of the Roman Catholic Church because of her great achievements. Joan was a simple peasant girl who rescued France from defeat in one of the darkest periods of the "Hundred years' war" with England. She led the French army to victory against the English and paved the way for the coronation of King Charles VII. Joan has become one of the most admired characters in European history. As France was struggling during the Hundred
of gentry that joined the rising. The rebellion was quickly crushed however as it was poorly organised and morale broke down within the rebels. Henry Stafford Duke of Buckingham was caught and executed by Richard. Richards usurpation of the throne was not the only reason why people did not like or trust him however. Richard, Duke of Gloucester arrested Hastings on a false charge of treason on the 13th June 1483 and had him beheaded without trial (beheading for treason was common for nobility)
Family running alongside the tale of King Lear with Gloucester and his sons, this is sure to develop. We also see the introduction of deceit from his eldest daughters, the defence of Cordelia by Lear’s friend, Kent and his subsequent banishment. Burgundy portrays the greed incarnate to man and his want for material goods. Lear is pride and the King of France is honour and compassion. Within these first few pages of the play we gain an insight into the world of Lear and the human psyche as all our
More often than not, Chivalry was associated with knighthood. The Code of Chivalry was the code of conduct followed by the knights during the medieval period. It was developed between the 11th and 12th century. However, according to David Crouch, a British Medieval historian, the Code of Chivalry was dated back the ancient times. Code of Chivalry Definition The late medieval code of chivalry however, arose from the idealisation brought by the synthesis of Germanic and Roman medieval martial traditions
his youngest daughter. The goodly Kent's efforts to restore Cordelia only provoke Lear's wrath and lead to the nobleman's banishment. When two suitors for Cordelia's hand in marriage, the Duke of Burgundy and the King of France appear, Lear tells them that they must take her without a dowry. The Duke of Burgundy refuses but the King of France takes the fair and true Cordelia with him. In the scene's final exchange, Goneril and Regan reveal themselves as the coming villains of the tragedy, with the
SUMMARY OF THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD III III (Reign, 1483-1485) Richard III: life dates, 32 years, October 2, 1452—August 22, 1485; reign, 2 years, June 26, 1483—August 22, 1485. Richard of York Duke of Gloucester was the youngest of eight children and fourth of four sons of Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, and Cecily Neville Countess of Westmoreland. His father, Richard Plantagenet, was the primary York protagonist at start of the Wars of the Roses, but after his death in the Battle of Wakefield
Classical music in France started in the medieval times (10th century) and continues to develop now. The types of classical music in France can be broken into six different eras: Middle Ages, Renaissance, baroque, opera, romantic era, and the 20th century. Classical music is associated with secular music, meaning non-religious music. It covers a broad range dating from the 10th century to the present. The major genres are all part of the classical music, whether it be sacred, secular, vocal, or instrumental
Sex, Masculine Pride, and War in Henry V Henry V, though reputed to be a crude, early item from Shakespeare's canon, provides many interesting and mature discussions on morality and psychology. Far from being, as it were, pre-written by being an "historical" work, it is a testament to the bard's skill that he can work so many ideas into a frame that has to take account of popular facts. Interpretation of the play tends to revolve around issues of kingship, duplicity in Harry's self-presentation
Meanwhile, Kent has unknowingly has become Lear’s middleman in a brewing civil war between the Duke of Cornwall and the Duke of Burgundy set to completely oust the old king of his remaining power. So on seeing the sight of Kent in stocks, the fool explains the nature of power as well as how to best follow it: “Let go thy hold when a great wheel runs down a hill lest