that produces a very strong neurotoxin called Domoic Acid, which can accumulate in many types of marine animals causing either death or severe illness. Humans that consume the infected animals can be affected as well, and as a result risk getting Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning, which is an illness that can cause permanent short-term memory loss, severe brain damage, or even death in some cases. There are 12 species of Pseudo-nitzschia that produce domoic acids, which are located all over the world. Pseudo-nitzschia
When approaching the topic of hair chemistry, one may think about the question, where does hair come from? Saclike holes called follicles are located all over the human body. At the bottom of these follicles are a cluster of papilla responsible for the growth of hair. As the papilla, otherwise known as hair bulbs reproduce to make new hair cells, the old ones are pushed up towards the surface of the skin causing the hair to grow longer. This may seem like a simple concept to grasp. However, the process
of soda, is sodium bicarbonate. (Baker Bettie, 2013) Sodium bicarbonate has a high pH, that when incorporated with another acid will react quickly. Although carbon dioxide, is created when baking soda is combined with an acid with low pH. Baking soda will make cookies rise during the baking process, once it reacts with an acid. There must be a common acid (examples of acids are: buttermilk, sour cream, citrus juice, vinegar, and cream of tartar) added to the recipe to produce CO2 if the baking soda
As you may know, when you mix baking soda and vinegar there is a big reaction, but have you ever wondered how this reaction happens? Well in order to find out how it happens you will need to know the elements that make up baking soda and vinegar. You will also learn why these elements are where they are on the periodic table and what is released during the baking soda and vinegar reaction. Baking soda is made out of sodium, carbon, and 2 oxygens while vinegar is made up of 4 hydrogens, 3 carbons
Boats and motorized watercraft are great for a fun day on the lake, but how fun are they for the diverse ecosystems living just beneath the hull of your boat? Boat exhaust and small traces of gasoline and oil are emitted into the waters when motorized watercraft are running. Boats have been shown to affect water clarity and can be a source of algal growth in aquatic ecosystems. The toxins emitted from boats can add chemicals to the water. Certain amounts of the fuel that is in motors is discharged
products can be acidic, bases or neutral. It was very interesting to learn that many acids are not dangerous. Some are even found in the food that we eat. Any food that taste sour is acidic. Bases are also found in common household products. They can be very strong and dangerous or weak and safer for use around the house. 2. INVESTIGATIVE QUESTION To prove how much acidic levels are in our household products and foods ACID BASE NEUTRAL Coffee Ammonia Olive Oil Lemon Juice Baking Soda Melted Butter Soda
1. Definition of Acid and Bases: 1.1 Arrhenius definition of acid and base: Arrhenius Acid: The substance or a compound which gives H+ ions in aqueous solution Arrhenius base: Base is a substance or compound that produces OH- ions in aqueous solutions. Chemists have known for some time that the H+ ion doesn’t exist in aqueous solutions as an independent species. The modernized Arrhenius definition of acid is that they are substances that produce H3O+ ions in aqueous solutions. It did not take longer
The bicarbonate then reacts with the hydrogen from the citric acid, and this reaction makes water and carbon dioxide. By mixing water with the Alka-Seltzer® tablet, the whole reaction process is started, and that process ultimately results in bubbles of carbon dioxide gas being given off. When the film canister is
an excess of acid or alkali. Typically, these imbalances can be caused by many underlying conditions and or diseases. Normal blood pH levels in blood must be maintained within a narrow range of 7.35-7.45 to ensure that metabolic process is functioning properly and is producing the correct amount of oxygen to the tissues (Healthline.com, 2012). For both Respiratory Alkalosis and Acidosis the kidneys play a part. Normal body functions and metabolism generate large quantities of acids that must be
Metals are degraded through the principle of corrosion. Corrosion is defined as “the gradual destruction of materials chemical or electrochemical reaction with their environment.” The most common form of corrosion is the oxidation of iron, which is commonly known as rust, this is orange in colour and is the most common form of corrosion in everyday life. Corrosion is a natural process, which converts a material to a chemically-stable form such as its oxide, hydroxide or sulphide. It is a gradual
below the lower limit of normal and the serum pH is alkalemic. Chronic respiratory alkalosis is when the PaCO2 level is below the lower limit of normal, but the pH level is relatively normal or near normal. Respiratory alkalosis is the most common acid-base abnormality observed in patients who are critically ill. It is associated with numerous illnesses and is a common finding in patients on mechanical ventilation. Many cardiac and pulmonary disorders can occur with respiratory alkalosis. When respiratory
Finding the Concentration of Calcium Hydroxide by Titration with Hydrochloric Acid. The Problem Perform a titration upon Calcium Hydroxide to find the concentration by using Hydrochloric Acid of 3 different concentrations as following 2 molar, 0.5 molar and 0.1 molar. In order to calculate the results must be within 0.05cm3 of each other. Apparatus Burette Volumetric Pipette Beakers Conical Flasks Volumetric Flasks Funnel Clamp Stand White Tile Fair Test
such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, are less available below a pH of 6.0. Iron, manganese, and phosphorus are less available when a pH level exceeds 7.5. Most garden plants grow well in slightly acid to neutral soil. This means the pH levels will range from 6.0 to 7.0. If soil is too acid, adding an alkaline material can neutralize it. This is a process commonly called liming. The most common liming material is ground limestone. If soil is too basic, adding a source of acidity will be beneficial
qualities. A lot of the things that human being eat and drink have different pH levels, which is why it is so important for humans to be knowledgeable on the difference between acids and bases to be able to balance the pH levels in their bodies to remain healthy. For one to determine whether or not a substance is an acid or a base, they first must know the types of ions the substance contains. Due to how wide the range is from a very acidic solution to a very basic solution scientists created a scale
Name: Stuart Edwards Topic: The effect of pH and temperature on the enzyme catalase. One Research Task: Proposal Draft 2 St. Stithians Boys College Content Rationale Pg. 2 Concept diagram Pg.2 Literature review Pg.3 Topic
detergents by using a small sample of the soap or detergent to observe if it could clean small stains off the laboratory sink. A solubility test was also performed to determine what solvents dissolved the soap or detergent. Water, 1 M NaOH, 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl), toluene, and acetone were the solvents that were used to test solubility. A small piece of the soap or detergent was added to five separate test tubes and each solvent was added separately and observed if dissolution occurred.
Ointments are a homogeneous, viscid, semi-solid preparation, most commonly greasy and thick oil with a great viscosity, which is used for external application to the skin or mucous membranes. All Ointments have a water number which is the no. of grams of water that can be held by 100 gm of the ointment of the base so it’s expressed the hydrophilicity of the base .They are used as emollients or protective for the skin, therapeutic, or prophylactic purposes and where a degree of occlusion is desired
Fig.1. Lime treatment of maize flour Maize Cleaning Soak 1kg grain in 1 % lime water (10 g of lime in 1 l of water) Heat treatment at 85° C for 30 minutes Remove the vessel and leave it overnight (32 ±1° C) Wash 3-4 times to remove lime Dry in drier (60°C, 6 hrs) (Moisture level should be 10-12%) Milling Maize flour Maize semolina Chemical characteristics The untreated and lime treated maize varieties were pulverized, sieved using a BS 60 mesh sieve and evaluated for
chapped skin from the lips but will also keep your lips soft. Massage: Massaging your lips every day is a very good tendency that helps in takeoff weight dark lips, in a short go across of time. Make a lip balm 3 out of a type of nut oil and yellow, acid fruit liquid from fruit, and (medical) rubbing your lips with that every night for a few minutes before going to bed. Oiling the stomach button: Here is an age-old starting point way of putting things right of keeping your lips naturally light red
carbon dioxide, raising the pH of the surrounding area. Which can lead to mild protection against gastric acid. • Shape and flagella: Gastric pH still high for the bacteria to survive for a long time, comes the helical shape of H. pylori that enhances its polar flagella to propel over the mucus epithelial lining. In addition to the chemotaxis systems that guide H.Pylori into some amino acids, bicarbonate, and cholesterol. This will leave the bacteria