significant individuals in our discovery of nitric oxide, Dr. Robert Furchgott pioneered our understanding of this molecule through his experiments on the vasorelaxant properties of acetylcholine and the subsequent proposal of the presence of the endothelium derived relaxing factor, which was later identified to be nitric oxide [7]. Given the observation that cardiovascular disorders are the number one cause of death in many nations around the world, research into the vasorelaxant properties seems particularly
Recently, plasma sodium has been claimed to play a primary role in the control of blood pressure due to the discovered increase of it (23-69 mg) in individuals with hypertension (He et al, 2004). From this finding, an idea was triggered that vascular endothelium could participate in a sodium-mediated blood vessel function through the response of endothelial cells to aldosterone. To support the claim that endothelial stiffness is influenced by changes in plasma concentration, an atomic force microscopy that
Nitric Oxide (NO) is an inhaled gas that works via relaxation of the smooth muscles to dilate the blood vessels most commonly in the lungs (drugs.com, 2015). It is a blend of NO and Nitrogen and is used as a treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) (Kumc.edu, 2015). This essays purpose is to inform about how it works, the uses for treatment, the type of patients most likely to benefit from NO, how it’s delivered, dosage
Review the mechanisms by which endothelial cells contribute to inflammation in key diseases The endothelium is a cell layer that is lined on the interior surface of lymphatic vessels and blood vessels, which are made up of endothelial cells (Dorland, 2012). The endothelial cells in direct contact with blood cells are called vascular endothelial cells while those in contact with lymph are called lymphatic endothelial cells. Besides regulating hemostasis, endothelial cells also possess important functions
focus on the origin, properties and effects of statins on endothelial function ( non lipid action of statins) through the increase of endogenous production of NO in different pathways. Key words: Coronary artery Disease (CAD), Statins, Endothelium, Caveolin. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of multifactorial chronic heart disease. It is a consequence of plaque buildup in coronary arteries. The arterial blood vessels, which begin out smooth and elastic become narrow
CAPILLLARY BED WITHIN THE SKIN A capillary bed is a concentration of capillaries which supply blood to a specific organ or area of the body. A network of 10-100 capillaries connecting arterioles and venules. Capillary bed is a term use to refer to a network of capillaries which are small blood vessels in the hypo-dermis which is the subcutaneous layer. Supplies the capillary network with blood by the arterioles and drains the blood by the venules. Capillaries are tiny bloody vessel which enables
Similar to TarLab osmolarity test, the InflammaDry test is quick to perform which measures and monitors a tear film component indicative of dry eyes. Elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which is a marker for inflammation found in the tears of a dry eye can be detected by inflammaDry. In the normal tear film, the level of MMP-9 is normally between 3 and 40 ng/mL. Greater level than 40 ng/mL indicates ocular surface inflammation. However as this is a nonspecific marker of inflammation
Doctorate of Optometry at Southern California College of Optometry at MBKU. She plans on pursuing a career in private practice in Texas after graduation. Abstract: Keratoconus is a progressive corneal deformity characterized by thinning and protrusion, which occurs in 1 out of 2000 patients.1 It is the most common corneal ectasia typically presenting in teens and early twenties with no gender or race predilection.2 The etiology
The human eye is a complex sense organ that not only allows clear vision, but also to perceive depth, size, color, and details of a stationary or moving object. As Figure 1 shows, it is made up of the eyeball and the accessory structures which are the eyelids, extraocular muscles (EOMs) and the lacrimal apparatus. The eyeball is composed of the eyeball wall and the eyeball content that includes the crystalline lens, vitreous body, and the aqueous humor. While the eyeball wall is made of three main