The Convention on Biological Diversity (hereafter: “CBD”) is an international treaty adopted by United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held at Rio de Janeiro in June 1992 and came into force on December 29, 1993. Initially when it came into force there were 168 members now it is 193 in total. The aim to protect biodiversity and the dramatic steps taken for conservation, sustainable use and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits attracted the world communities to become members
future generations. Considering the fact that, traditional knowledge has existed primarily in the exploitation of natural resources; the same can assist the modern da... ... middle of paper ... ...Varieties and Farmer’s Rights Act, 2001, The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, The Patent (Second Amendment) Act, 2002. Contribution of Traditional Knowledge in Healthcare Traditional knowledge has been evolved in one of the most efficacious manner by the generations all around the world. India for thousands
Biological diversity or biodiversity is defined as the “variability among living organisms existing on the earth in various ecosystems and ecological complexes”. This variability among the living organisms is the basis for continuous evolution and maintaining life sustainability on earth. There is a widespread concern about protecting the biodiversity around the world and its seen evident among human beings. They are dependent on the biodiversity for their daily food, shelter and fuels. These resources
monoculture is the most extreme way of monoculture. In this type of crops, diversity is not only narrowed down to a single species, but to a single genotype, making all individuals genetically uniform (Freedman). All of these would not have been possible without countless advances in genetics and biotechnology, which, according to the UN`s Convention on Biological Diversity, is “any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or mo... .
Biodiversity is commonly described as the variety and diversity of life on Earth. “The number of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms, the enormous diversity of genes in these species, the different ecosystems on the planet, such as deserts, rainforests and coral reefs are all part of a biologically diverse Earth” (Shah, A. 2012). In fact, Earth is made of complex ecosystems’ interacting with each other’s, giving life to any and every species, impacting on climate, human and animals’ lives
Introduction Biodiversity refers to wide diversity found in the living components of the earth which refers to the numerous varieties of flora and fauna including those of microorganisms too. The interaction of biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem is very important aspect of life on earth. Biodiversity helps us to understand the variations among species and also how life originated on earth. Its study helps us to understand the inter-relationship between various forms of life and their
lack of regulation, especially aimed at the protection and conservation of highly migratory species, which is a contributing factor to the continued damage to the marine environment. THE CURRENT INTERNATIONAL REGIME OF MIGRATORY SPECIES: The Convention on the Law of the Sea contains provisions dealing with highly migratory species, which largely refers to species that range freely over vast oceanic areas. Coastal states and states fishing for these species in the High Seas have, in particular
to biodiversity around the globe, second only to habitat destruction (Singh, 2001). IAS was defined by The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) as a species, subspecies or lower taxon (includes any of its part that might survive and reproduce) introduced outside its natural past or present distribution (Roger, 2003). In the context of CBD, IAS is one that threatens biological diversity but in the broader context it is one that has negative impacts in any area such as agriculture, human development
A major one is CITES, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, prepared in 1973. It bans international trade and transport of body parts of endangered organism. 2. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), from the Rio Conference in 1992, aims to: • Conserve biodiversity • Use it sustainably • Ensure fair distribution of its
The United States' Role in International Environmental Policies through Treaties The United States plays a vital role in international environmental foreign policy through conventions and treaties. Creating international environmental policies is complicated. However, they are necessary. The environment can't be fixed with one policy or by one country. Therefore, the United States must actively participate in the creation of international environmental policies. Creating international
The 1992 Convention on Biodiversity (CBD) conceded that the eminent adversity threatening biological and resource diversity is a global calamity. Pertaining to biodiversity alone, studies have revealed that about 1.4 million of all known species (comprising of 26.96% of flora and 73.04% of fauna) are in existence globally (WCMC, 1992; Bhargava, 2006). Despite the rich biological diversities, there are manifestations that, these global diversities are constantly disappearing at quite an alarming proportion
According to Article 3 paragraph 1 of the UN’ s legally binding Framework Convention on climate change(Which convention??) “ The Parties should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generation of humankind”. Nowadays, the unforeseen and adverse effects of climate change declare their presence worldwide. Temperatures and sea-levels are rising, glaciers are shrinking and extreme weather phenomena such as floods and droughts are becoming more and more common. As it is known
such as history, law, anthropology, education, medicine and psychology with a view to better understand the issues surrounding the changes and transitions within childrens lives. Childhood studies looks further than simply viewing childhood as a biological state of development; proffering the view that childhood is a "social construction", and as such is subject to change depending on when and where childhood occurs and which social, political, cultural and economic factors are in play. As such, it
Desertification primarily occurs in arid regions as precipitation is already sparse making any other disturbance, such as over cultivation, amplified. Alan Grainger in his book states that the scientific community considers this issue “the decline in biological productivity or production potential are characteristic of a long-term process of degradation, rather than a simple short-term decline in the level of production that commonly occurs during drought” (15), however the books believes this definition
However, the Anthropocene, a period dominated by humans, could be a benefit to biological diversity by using hybridization, re-wilding species, and pushing more towards an aggressive conservation to relocate species and fill the gap in extinction rates. The increase in extinction rates is documented in many different ways, Pearce (2015) gives insight on how the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, U.N Convention on Biological Diversity, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, and various other
Earth holds a vast diversity of living organisms and immense varieties of Habitat and ecosystem. Biodiversity is the variety and variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic eco¬systems and the ecological complexes; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems (CBD 1992). The term biodiversity, the short form of biological diversity, was coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1985. The fundamental to ecologically sustainable
do have an undesired effect on the planet. GMO’s are a hindrance to society and need to be rid of urgently. Genetically modified organisms are diminishing biodiversity in ecosystems. The term "biodiversity" comes from "biological" and "diversity," and refers to the total diversity of all life in a given locale—it could be as small as a garden or as big as the planet Earth. According to Deniza Gertsberg, approximately
the techniques for doing so. The introduction of a large number of new techniques has changed the face of classical biotechnology forever. These modern techniques, applied mainly to cells and molecules, make it possible to take advantage of the biological process in a very precise way. For example, genetic engineering has allowed us to transfer the property of a single gene from one organism to another. But before going into the details of biotechnology and the techniques that make it possible, let
The scientific field of the biological control of alien invasive plants (AIP) has developed rapidly over the last 100 years in various countries (Morin et al. 2013) but, are some countries performing better than others? Biological control looks to diminish the negative consequences of alien invasive plants. For example, biological control reduces alterations of biotic and abiotic processes produced by AIP occurring within the ecosystem (Richardson and van Wilgen 2004). Major sites of invasion like
Summary of Proposal Background The main objective of the botanical gardens today is the conservation of biological diversity ex situ, allowing for the potential loss of this because of the destruction of the environment. However, in the past the main activity of the botanical gardens was the buildup and maintenance of diversity that explorers brought back from unexplored regions, near and far, in order to make them available to growers that they would explore the potential that plants collected