What is Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia? Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited condition that affects hormone production in the adrenal gland. The individual lacks enzymes to make cortisol, and hormones are instead are shifted away to make other hormones, specifically androgens. This results in the deficiency of cortisol and the abundance of testosterone. There are 2 types of CAH; classical and non-classical CAH. Classical CAH is the severe form of which there are 2 subtypes, salt-wasting
As a pediatrician and urologist specifically concentrating on disorders of sexual development (DSD)- “congenital conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical” (Arnold/Saguy, Lecture 11)- every once in a while, a pregnant woman, whose first child is born with congenital androgen hyperplasia (CAH), comes to my office asking for a medicinal point of view on the biological, psychological, and ethical methods of treatment of her second child. Since recent
chronic respiratory problems or poor growth. 4. Endocrine Disorders Congenital Hypothyroidism Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common disorder identified by routine newborn screening. It is found in about 1:3000 screened infants (Dussault, 1993). The major clinical features of untreated congenital hypothyroidism are growth retardation and delayed cognitive development leading to mental deficiency. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia CAH caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency occurs in 1:16,000
between girls and boys. Gonadal hormones highly influence the development of sex differences in terms of behavior and in the brain at different species of animals. There is a unique case where females with genetic disorder congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) –highly exposed to adrenal androgens before birth –shows a more manly behavior and physical energy with higher spatial ability than normal females. Other findings also show similar results caused by masculine hormones by maternal ingestion during
The article, Gender differences in preschoolers’ and kindergartners’ artistic production and preference by Boyatzis, Chris J., was studying whether the differences in artistic abilities and artistic preference in gender develop earlier than kindergarten. It was discovered that the gender differences in artistic preferences emerge during preschool years. According to the article, when boys draw, their descriptions of drawings are of cars , monsters, weapons, and themes of aggression. Girls description
Almost every aspect of psychology comes down to one question: Is it due to nature or nurture? The nature versus nurture debate tackles the question of whether nature, biological factors, or nurture, environmental factors, play a larger role in psychology and behaviors.. Gender is defined as the sociocultural dimension of being biologically male or female and in society we have different views on what is male and what is female as well as expectations for males and females. The expectations that society
Cortef is a specific brand name drug used to treat conditions such as arthritis, blood/hormone/immune system disorders, skin and eye conditions, breathing problems, cancer, and severe allergies (WebMD, 2016). Cortef is also used to decrease the immune response to various diseases to reduce symptoms such as pain, swelling, and allergic-type reactions. It is therapeutically labeled as an anti-inflammatory and an immunosuppressant. Pharmacologically, it is categorized as a corticosteroid. Cortef works
The periodical “GENDER X the Battle Over Boy or Girl,” A police officer, Aaron Thompson (not his real name) cuts the umbilical cord between his wife and his first born child. His daughter had endocrine disorder congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Which limits hormone production in the adrenal glands. She had both male and female genitalia. Aaron Thompson had no idea there was such
form ! in utero (Sexual Differentiation Disorders 2). The female pseudo hermaphrodite has the genetic make-up of XX. She most likely will have more masculine genitalia due to and over production of testosterone in the fetus. The disorder is called Congenital A... ... middle of paper ... ...epth analysis of gender by Dr. Bushong. It explains his theories that are the basis for my journal. Tampa Gender Identity Program (TGIP). "Sexual Differentiation." Abstract. 11 October 2000. <http://hermaphrodite
In Germany, if a child is born, the first words it will probably hear, are: “It’s a boy!”, or “It’s a girl!” After this, its life will be determined by the expectations the society have of its gender. Our anatomy determines how we act socially, which profession we will probably take, on which institutions we could use, which people we should marry. We are raised with the thought, that a certain anatomy comes along with a particular identity. But should our anatomy determine our fate? In western culture
Ron and Janet Reimer had twin boys in 1996 named Bruce and Brain. Both twins developed problems urinating from phimosis. Their pediatrician recommended circumcision. Bruce went first and his physician botched the operation, leaving him without a penis. The parents forewent surgery on the other twin. Money, psychologist, pioneered the field of sexology. He concluded that psychological sex did not always agree with the genetic sex, or with the sex glands present on the body. He claimed that whether
Gender identification is not a “trait” residing in the individual; rather it is something people “do” in their social interactions. In any given situation our perceptions of what is socially “acceptable or unacceptable” are indefatigably tied one’s gender and societal expectations of that gender. Thus, gender proves to be a master identity that affects our behavior in many instances. Intersex individuals challenge social constructionist ideas about gender. Based on the logic of the sociocultural
estrogen stimulation, decreased testosterone levels, or some alteration of the estrogens and androgen so that the androgen-estrogen ratio is decreased"(Williams 373). From this information it was discovered that there is also a lower ratio of weaker adrenal androgens (delta 4-androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone) found in youths with this disease. It was once believed that there was an imbalance in the ratios of testosterone to estrogen or estradiol, but this is now know to be untrue. There
Abstract Why do people have cognitive sexual orientations and how can this affect the mind. What are the reasons for sexual orientation? And is it normal? Many people make decisions regarding sexual orientation based on their mental patterns of emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction. The most common forms of human sexuality would include heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality. Furthermore, a lot of research has been focused on the reasons behind these different types of sexuality
Throughout Gendered World sociologist argue that gender and sex are socially constructed instead of being innate. The authors present evidence in regards to history, biology, and contemporary viewpoints using day-to-day examples. Although alternative viewpoints may argue that through a biological perspectives gender and sex is an innate characteristic through deeper examination it can be determined that gender and sex are truly socially constructed. First of all, what are sex and gender? Sex is
Everyone in civil society has heard of the latest dispute at least once in the past few months – is homosexuality really a choice, or is it just the product of many genetic and hormonal differences? Some argue that homosexuality is a combination of both, but the scientific aspect argues that it is solely based on biological differences. Whether or not homosexuality is exclusively one or the other, the topic itself has caused a ripple of social unease and activist movements. Homosexuality has been
For the past three centuries, religious leaders across most of Europe have declared homosexuality a sexual perversion that ran counter to the will of God1. Those found guilty of homosexuality were either executed or given prison sentences2. The end of the 19th century marks a change in status for homosexuality within Europe, from ‘sexual perversion’ to a recognised ‘psychological illness’3. Based on this premise, efforts to design conversion therapies begin. Homosexuality remains illegal. Convicted
Sexual Differentiation and its Effects on Sexual Orientation What controls a human's sexual orientation? The long-standing debate of nature versus nurture can be extended to explaining human sexual orientation. Is it biological or environmental? The biological explanation has been gaining popularity amongst the scientific community although it is only based on speculations. It is argued that sexual orientation is linked to factors that occur during sexual differentiation. The prenatal exposure
Drawings can determine a lot about the development of a child. It is generally recognized that children progress through certain stages of development in their art making. Each stage may be identified by certain characteristics that continue to show up throughout a child’s drawings. Many models have been offered over time to explain a child’s artistic development. While many of these models differ, they propose a certain pattern of development. There are four stages of a child’s artistic development
Throughout Gendered Worlds sociologists argue that gender and sex are socially constructed as opposed to being innate. The authors present evidence in regards to history, biology, and contemporary viewpoints using day-to-day examples. Although alternative viewpoints may argue that through biological perspectives, gender and sex are innate characteristics through deeper examination it can be determined that gender and sex are truly socially constructed. "In dismantling the notion that sex and gender