Female Genital Mutilation Female genital mutilation is the partial or total removal of female external genitalia, which include the clitoris, labias, fatty tissue over the pubic bone, and vaginal and urethral openings. These set of acts are considered to be part of a traditional ritual in many parts of the world. This kind of practice cause serious damage to the female genital organs for non medical or cultural reasons (WHO 2010). FGM considered being a form of child abuse and which is against the
and remembers her own experience. Zeinab underwent the procedure twice. At six years old she had the more moderate form of FGM, called Sunni, in which the covering of the clitoris is removed. When she was 15 the older women of her family insisted she have the Pharaonic form, which involves removal of the entire clitoris and the labia and stitching together of the vulva, leaving just a small hole for elimination of urine and menstrual blood. Zeinab still remembers the pain, the face of the
Amongst social mammals, spotted hyaenas (crocuta crocuta) display a number of unusual traits, including high maternal investment, strong sibling rivalry that may lead to siblicide, female dominance, and masculinization of female genitalia. (1) This paper will concentrate on the masculinization of female genitalia but will also touch on the other traits listed. Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Carnivora (cats, dogs, bears, raccoons
Female circumcision is the action or traditional practices of cutting off the clitoris and sometimes the labia of girls or young women. FGM contemplates as a dull violation of human rights for women and girls. There are four types of FGM operations. The first type is excision or removal of the clitoral hood, that is either with or without removal of parts or all of the clitoris. The second type is the removal of the clitoris together with parts or all the labia minora. The third type is the removal
reports that the global actions have been taken to reduce or abolish the prevalence of the practice will be assessed. Introduction Female genital mutilation (also known as female circumcision) is the cutting of female clitoral hood and removing clitoris. Following the cutting of female genital organ, there are many short-term and long-term health risk problems, and even death due to some complicated infections. The reasons for performing female genital mutilation are connected with socio-cultural
The female reproductive system is found on the inside of all females and does a lot of assignments. One of them includes producing eggs for your menstrual cycle, or to get fertilized, and also it produces hormones. There are many parts to the reproduction system one of them including the ovum. It is a cell that turns into an egg after being fertilized by sperm cells and the cells look like an eye. The eyelashes would be considered the hairs surrounding the cell called granulate cells. Also has a
cultural causes. However, entirely of the victims gone through this sacrifice explain it as a crime. Female genital mutilation is a heartbreaking practice which violates basic human rights and must be banned worldwide. FGM it's a operation on which the clitoris and genitals are completely cut off. Referring to (www.mtholyoke.edu) The cause of this procedure may fluctuate it can be either for family honor, virginity protection, religion, or excessive sexual satisfaction for their partner. Also, this is done
live in a male dominated world and are there for convenience not happiness. The different types of FGM are classified by the extent of the surgery involved, and include: • Type I -. The hood of skin that sits over the clitoris is removed. • Type II - The entire clitoris is removed. • Type III - The external genitals are partly or totally removed and the wound stitched together, leaving a small gap to allow the passage of menstrual fluid and urine • Type IV - other practices including
performed in different ways, depending on the culture or location where it takes place. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified four types of Female genital mutilation. Clitoridectomy is type I, which is the partial or total removal of the clitoris and or of the foreskin surrounding
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) has had different definitions in the ‘Scientific World’ and the world of those who embrace the act. According to the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), Female Genital Mutilation is the act of removing the external parts of the female genitalia, partially or totally for non-medical reasons (WHO) whereas the practitioners see it as the cutting of “extra skin tags” of the female’s reproductive organ. Various reasons have been put forward to support it
Female Circumcision Female Circumcision, also known as Female Genital Mutilation is the cutting partial/ total removal of the external female genitalia (Clitoris, sometimes the labia of girls or young women). It’s done for non-medical reasons, being that different parts of the world still practicing it, it’s consider a part of tradition, cultural beliefs and is religious. Female Genital Mutilation, FGM is usually performed on females from the age of infancy to young women, mainly done before the
The lack of sexual arousal Erection of the Clitoris is a psychological sign of sexual arousal. During erection the shaft of the clitoris becomes firmer, but the glans remains soft. The reason for this is that the shaft surrounds by a layer of tough connective tissue that restricts its expansion, whereas the glans is free to expand LaVay & Baldwin 2012. Usually, the glans of the clitoris is visible in the nonaroused (flaccid) state, but it may disappear under the clitoral hood during erection or with
Mutilation Introduction Pain, shame, lack of ability to reproduce. Marie, who suffers from each of these symptoms, is one of the many women from Africa who have suffered from female genital mutilation. When Marie was only two years old, she had her clitoris and labia cut off. Since then, she has moved to New York yet is still suffering from the many consequences you get from female genital mutilation. Female genital mutilation, also known as FGM, is a very common procedure primarily done in Africa for
Female Genital Mutilation: Barbaric Custom or Cultural Rite “I was shaking out of my skin with fear. I sat at Netsent’s head so she couldn’t cry out. The circumciser began to cut with a razor blade. She cut everything: the clitoris, the inner and outer labia. There was so much blood!” This is an excerpt from an article that appeared in Marie Claire in April 2003. The speaker is a girl by the name of Genet Girma, an Ethiopian, describing the conditions under which her sister Netsent was forced to
this procedure. Female circumcision is categorized into three types; Type one is the complete or partial removal of the clitoris, type two removes the clitoris completely as well as some of the labia minora, and type three is known as Infibulation, the sewing shut of the vulva leaving only a hole big enough for urine and menstrual blood to pass, after the removal of the clitoris, the labia minora, and most of the labia majora (Kopelman, 221). Should female circumcision be viewed as a cultural practice
A recent topic of interest at an international level is the issue of female genital mutilation and or cutting. Female genital mutilation refers to “piercing, cutting, removing, or sewing closed all or part of a girl’s or woman’s external genitals for no medical reason.” (WomensHealth 2015). FGM affects the health of girls and women in negative ways; it causes implications for the reproductive and sexual health, as well as mental health. FGM is a violation of human rights of girls and women. FGM violates
The Human Reproductive System The Female Reproductive System consists of the Female sex cells, Vagina, Labia, Clitoris, Urethra, Hymen, Uterus, Cervix, Fallopian tubes, Ovaries, Estrogen, and Progesterone. The female sex cells, otherwise known as ovum, which are created by the ovaries, combines with male sperm, give a fertilized egg a home, and create an embryo. The vagina, also known as the birth canal, joins to the bottom of the uterus (cervix) and it holds male gametes during sex and provides
The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm countered previous thoughts about the vaginal orgasm and discards normal concepts of sex. The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm is a "critique of heterosexuality, in particular the way in which sex was defined from a male,phallocentric perspective"1.The goal of Koedt’s is to address the 'myth of the vaginal orgasm', create awareness and education for men and women about female sexual pleasure, and to counter Freud's previous thought about the female orgasm. The author
different ways. The first way is titled clitoridectomy. When clitoridectomy is performed, the clitoris (which is the small, sensitive part of the skin in the genital area) is either completely removed or partially removed. It very rare cases, however, the prepuce (the skin fold that surrounds the clitoris) may also get cut. The second way of mutilation is referred to as excision. This is where the clitoris is partially or completely removed, as well as the labia minora. The labia majora may or may
outside female genitalia is cut, or removed, or injured for cultural or other mon-medial reasons. There are four different types of procedures: clitoridectomy, which is the “partial or total removal of the clitoris and/or the prepuce”; excision is the “partial or total removal of the clitoris and labia minora, with or without excision of the labia majora”; infibulation, is the narrowing of the vaginal orifice with a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and re-positioning the labia minora