over-diagnosed when checked in the clinic setting; resulting ... ... middle of paper ... ... potassium level is higher than 4.5 mmol/liters. If further diuretic therapy is not tolerated, contraindicated or ineffective, considering an alpha- or beta-blocker might be prudent. If blood pressure remains uncontrolled with optimal or maximum tolerated doses of four drugs, seeking an expert advice would be the next and last step (Williams, 2013). HYPERTENSION
Reynaud’s disease are usually given based on the established cause of the symptoms. Most Reynaud’s syndrome medications work by widening the blood vessels to promote blood circulation. Below are common Reynaud’s syndrome medicines • Alpha blockers – Alpha blockers normally counteract the actions of norepinephrine, goof examples include doxazosin and
drugid=6929&drugname=Nitrostat+SL 17. http://www.medicinenet.com/angiotensin_ii_receptor_blockers/article.htm 18. http://www.medicinenet.com/valsartan/article.htm 19. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/alpha-blockers/art-20044214 20. http://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-3710-Cardura+Oral.aspx?drugid=3710&drugname=Cardura+Oral 21. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a693045.html 22. http://www.rxlist.com/minipress-drug.htm
Vertigo and Its Treatment In our everyday lives, we almost take for granted this idea of balance or equilibrium that is maintained within our bodies. In general, no real thought processes are required. It is only when something is disturbed within our balance system that one is able to take notice of changes in the equilibrium. There may be several different factors that cause a disturbance to our bodies. One major area pertains to dizziness. Dizziness is found to be "the chief complaint in
Brugada syndrome is a form of cardiac arrhythmia, particularly ventricular arrhythmia, that can cause sudden cardiac death despite the individual having a structural normal heart. Diagnosis is based on an electrocardiographic pattern or by sodium channel blocker test (Gourraud 2016). Brugada syndrome is an autosomal dominant inheritable syndrome with variant in the SCN5A gene. Current global prevalence is 5 in 10,000 people, the incidence rate is higher in Southeast Asia countries than in the United States
Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is more often found in males than in females as age increases then reverses around the age of 65. There is about 67 million of American adults that have high blood pressure, which is 31 percent, that comes down to one in every three American adults (High Blood Pressure Facts, CDC.com). Hypertension is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood your
Hypertension (HTN), also known as high blood pressure, is the persistent, chronic elevation of blood pressure force in the arteries that can cause health problems, and damage to the body’s organs. There are two main types of hypertension consisting of, primary (essential) and secondary (Khan, et al., 2013). Primary hypertension is a gradual increase in blood pressure without a known cause or contributing underlying disease. Secondary hypertension is an acute onset, or a spike in blood pressure
Blood circulates around the body due to the force exerted on it by the heart. During this process, it pushes through the blood vessels. The force which the blood exerts against the walls of the arties during this process is referred to as the blood pressure. It’s never constant, it varies depending on the body demands. Thus, it’s vital to monitor blood pressure on regular basis. It is measured using a sphygmomanometer. This procedure should be done when the patient is in relaxed. The measurement
“Extreme high heart rate, ‘cold’ sweat, and dizziness,” is what Kevin Olinger, a person living with atrial fibrillation (afib), experiences during an afib episode (1). Atrial fibrillation, a very serious heart arrhythmia, is found in over two million people living in the United States (2 What is 1). According to Gary Riddle, doctor at Memorial Hospital Health Care Center, he cares for roughly 40 patients diagnosed with afib each year in Ferdinand, Indiana (Riddle 1). People the age of 40 and over
Nephrolithiasis is a disorder where calcium crystals form in the kidneys obstructing normal function due to certain mineral content in the urine. These stones are termed kidney stones or renal calculi (Chabner, 2007). Stones may become lodged in the ureter, bladder, or renal pelvis. This disease is more common in men, and can be a side effect from other disorders or due to an individual’s dietary intake (Preminger, 2007). Most kidney stones can pass unnoticed, but when they reach approximately 3mm
investigating the effects of diet and nutrition on blood pressure. Restricting levels of sodium in the diet and increasing levels of calcium by taking supplements have both be suggested to help reduce blood pressure (Magill et al, 2003). Introducing a diet that is high in fruit, vegetables, fish, poultry and low-fat dairy products has also provided evidence of increasing levels of calcium, potassium, magnesium and reducing levels of cholesterol (Magill,
Migraines are one of the most common, episodic disorders, in which the patient experiences a severe headache that may also accompany with nausea, and/or light and sound sensitivity. Migraine pain can be mild to severe in intensity and can last four to seventy hours (Buttaro, Trybulski, Bailey, and, Sandberg-Cook, 2013). It usually has a preliminary period in which patients can experience tiredness, decreased concentration, irritability, and noticeable yawning. Warning signs like these may occur
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a heart condition where the heart beats irregularly due to electrical abnormalities. It is fairly common, especially in children and women, yet unfamiliar to most people who are not diagnosed with it. There are three types of SVT: atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia, atrial tachycardia, and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. All three types have the same symptoms during episodes, which can last from seconds to hours and include palpitations, fatigue,
Then, if patient was in a sitting position, it needed to be changed into a lying one to resolve the symptoms. After that, checked if there was any antihypertensive drugs such as Zestril (ACEI), Inderal (beta-blocker), Minipress (alpha-blocker), Norvasc (calcium channel blocker), or Lasix (diuretic) in order to confirm there was a medical treatment for this high blood pressure, then reported to case nurse if necessary. Finally, recheck the blood pressure at least 15 minutes afterwards. I learnt
Treatment for Raynaud’s - 2 - Introduction Raynaud syndrome is an auto-immune disorder in which blood vessels in the digits constrict. It usually strikes females between the ages of eighteen and thirty. “Between three to five percent of people are affected.” (Harvard, 2003) There is no known cause or cure. (Segala et al, 2003) Clinical features primarily deal with (but are not limited to) the digits of the fingers. Other digits that may be affected include toes, nose, and ear lobes. Exposure to cold
action is slow, therefore diuretics are often used as an adjunct rather than on its own. [8&9] Acute renal failure and pulmonary oedema are associated with the use of this drug. [7] Nicarpidine: Calcium channel blocker that is long acting and causes arterial vasodilation. Used in conjunction with a beta-blocker if patient has coronary artery disease. Easy to prepare and administer as an intravenous infusion. [8&9] Patients with less severe acute hypertension in which abrupt BP lowering is not necessary
can cause severe health problems such as stroke and heart failure. In order to treat hypertension, the drug Losartan is used. Losartan is an angiotensin-II receptor antagonist (AIIRA). In other words, it can also be known as angiotensin receptor blocker. (Allen 2012) There are generally two categories of hypertension, primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. The causes of primary hypertension are usually unknown and it develops gradually over the years. As for secondary hypertension, the
lack of energy Often is first noticed during routine daily activities and times of mental stress Statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or low-dose aspirin), as well as treatment for angina and myocardial ischemia (with β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, or Ranolazine). Additional symptom management techniques may include tricyclic medication, enhanced external counter pulsation, hypnosis, and spinal cord stimulation. Administered Medications as ordered. Assess vital signs
In 1976 a pharmaceutical beta blocker named Atenolol (a synthetic derivative of isopropylamino-propanol) was discovered and developed by the Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) to treat common cardiovascular disorders (6). To fully understand Atenolol one must first recognize that it is specifically a beta-1 adrenoceptors antagonist. This is crucial because beta blockers follow strict classification guidelines in regards to the specific receptors they will interact with. These receptors are known
Excercise stress test 6. Electro-bream computed tomography (EBCT). Used to look for calcium in the artery linings. Presence of more calcium in the linings means the increase chances of having CHD. 7. Nuclear scan What are the treatments for arteriosclerosic heart disease? Treatments may be given to target the underlying cause such as medications for high blood