purpose of the pedestrian bridge is to literally and figuratively connect the cultures of the region and provide a common ground which all could appreciate. The design was intended to be unique to the region and has been quickly recognized as a modern architectural-engineering masterpiece. This report will discuss the unique traits of the design that make the bridge architecturally and environmentally innovative. METHOD One of the main purposes of the bridge was to achieve a higher
resource. Precast prestressed concrete girder bridges appeared as a mean by which more efficient designs can be achieved. They offer many advantages such as the ease of construction and a relatively high durability. The prestressed girders are usually precast of site and transported for erection before pouring composite decks. As a result, full continuity between the girders has generally been sacrificed for the sake of ease of construction. Traditionally bridge deck joints have gabs of 1-3 inches under
Introduction to bridge engineering The first bridges were made by nature — as simple as a log fallen across a stream. The first bridges made by humans were probably spans of wooden logs or planks and eventually stones, using a simple support and crossbeam arrangement. Most of these early bridges could not support heavy weights or withstand strong currents. It was these inadequacies which led to the development of better bridges. The oldest surviving stone bridge in China is the Zhaozhou Bridge, built from
obstacles to travel is called a bridge. Engineers design and build bridges over railroad tracks, busy highways, canyons, and lakes. Without bridges, people would need boats to cross waterways and would have to travel around such obstacles as canyons and ravines. The first bridge was made by nature and was a dead tree over a stream or river. The first man made bridge was an arch bridge made around the time 2200 B.C. and was built by the ancient Babylonians. Arch bridges were also built by the ancient
The results show that the bridge in Case 1 collapsed under 44% of the total applied load with 0.097 inches bending displacement and 0.45 inches buckling displacement, as shown in Figs 10 -11. The bridge collapsed due to the huge lateral movement at the top of the webs, which caused a loss of stability and ability of the webs to carry any load, Figs 12-13. The value of the bending displacement is small compared to the value of the buckling displacement because almost no bending moment was created
The collapse of the Tay bridge has interested engineers, scientists and members of the public for decades. There have been many enquiries into the collapse and theories proposed as to why it happened. For hours after the disaster, people were left confused and perplexed about the facts concerning what they had observed. It was unclear whether the train, and the passengers, had survived the storm and furthermore there was the shock of how such a robust and recently built bridge had actually collapsed
INTRODUCTION: The Tacoma Narrows Bridge was the third longest suspension span in the world at the time. It was suppose to have been revolutionary in it design, and it was known for it’s tendency to sway windstorm. Nevertheless, on November 7, 1940, a large storm caused it to collapse. WHAT HAPPENED? WHY? Even during the construction of the original Tacoma Narrow Bridge, the deck would go up and down by several feet with the slightest breeze. Construction workers on the span chewed on lemon wedges
The Physics of Bridges The design of the bridge superstructure is based on a set of loading conditions which the component or element must withstand. A bridge engineer must take into account a wide variety of loads which may vary based on the duration of the load (permanent or temporary), the direction of the load (vertical, longitudinal, etc.), and the effect of the load (shear, bending, torsion, etc.). In order to form a consistent basis for design, organizations like AASHTO, American
hearings where 58 witnesses testified, Studied scientific researches done by experts delegated by the commission, Analyzed various documents and contacted many of the parties involved in the design, construction, maintenance and inspection of the bridge. According to the investigation report, what actually led to the collapse of the overpass was shear failure at a thick concrete section of an abutment cantilever. The failure was caused by chain of events attributed to problems in design, construction
load. At the time, this was the worst structural engineering failure in US history. A thorough investigation revealed fatal flaws in the design of the walkway which indicated it could not hold such a heavy load. However, it was discovered that the bridge may have prevailed had it not been for carelessness and unethical shortcuts on the part of the engineer in charge of the project.
high rise building. 7. SCC ensures better quality of in-situ pile foundation. 8. SCC reduces the cost of consumption of resources and cost. Self compacting concrete (SCC) is favorably suitable especially in highly reinforced concrete members like bridge decks or abutments, tunnel linings or tubing segments, where it is difficult to vibrate the concrete, or even for normal engineering structures. The improved construction practice and performance, combined with health and safety benefits makes SCC
frequency of bridge inspection has to be carried out to identify the annual work programs. These different of inspection require levels of competence and training and are to be performed by inspectors from either the Headquarters or regional office. The work programs are Inventory, Routine Condition, Confirmatory and Detailed Inspection. 2.3.2.1 Inventory Inspection Inventory Inspection is the first inspection carried out by inspector at the regional levels on a particular bridge to collect inventory
Project no.9 Brunel’s Bridges Historical review and main milestones of Kingdom Brunel‘s life Isambard Kingdom Brunel was one of the most successful and famous engineers of the 19th century, responsible for the design of bridges, railway lines, ships and tunnels. Brunel was born on 9 April 1806 in Portsmouth. His father Mark was a French engineer who had fled France during the revolution. Brunel studied in Paris for three years and returned to England where he worked with his father. Brunel’s first
decades of planning and forethought and is hoped to alleviate the traffic congestion that has plagued the Boston area since the invention of the automobile. The project incorporates a major underground highway system, a revolutionary cable-stayed bridge, and a series of impressive tunnel crossings, each a considerable feat on their own, all constructed in the midst of a bustling city. The idea for a Central Artery through Boston has been talked about since a 1909 special commission determined
INTRODUCTION This module broadens our understanding on the ways in which buildings are constructed and the purpose of choosing materials and structures for buildings. This module is divided into survey, structure, materials and construction. These are taught specifically through lectures, tutorial exercises, drawings and lab test workshops. The lectures were an explanation of the topics in which our knowledge was put into practice by solving and experimenting questions during tutorials and workshops