responsible for Alzheimer's are clusters of proteins in the brain which come in two forms: those found inside the nerve cells and those found in between the cells. The clusters inside the cells look like pairs of threads wound around each other in a helix. The tangles consist of a protein called tau. Tau binds to another protein called tubulin. Tubulin then forms structures called microtubules which run through cells, giving support and shape. Also the microtubules provide pathways for nutrients and
Protein Synthesis Protein synthesis is one of the most fundamental biological processes. To start off, a protein is made in a ribosome. There are many cellular mechanisms involved with protein synthesis. Before the process of protein synthesis can be described, a person must know what proteins are made out of. There are four basic levels of protein organization. The first is primary structure, followed by secondary structure, then tertiary structure, and the last level is quaternary structure
are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins. 20 different amino acids are used to synthesize proteins. The shape and other properties of each protein is dictated by the precise sequence of amino acids in it. Each amino acid consists of an alpha carbon atom to which is attached a hydrogen atom an amino group (hence "amino" acid) A carboxyl group (-COOH). This gives up a proton and is thus an acid (hence amino "acid") [IMAGE] One of 20 different "R" groups. It is the structure
Size of Ivy Leaves Aim --- Design an experiment to investigate if light affects the size of Ivy leaves Plan ---- In this experiment I will explore how light affects the size of Ivy leaves. I will use the common Ivy called Hedera helix. I will take two stems of Ivy, one from the part of the garden that is exposed to lots of light, and one which exposed to little light. The Ivy leaves that are facing the south of the garden will have been exposed to high light intensities, whereas
amino acids in a specific protein is the primary sequence for that protein. [IMAGE] [IMAGE]Protein secondary structure refers to regular, repeated patterns of folding of the protein backbone. The two most common folding patterns are the alpha helix and the beta sheet. [IMAGE] In this experiment, the enzyme rennin will be used. Rennin is a coagulating enzyme occurring in the gastric juice of the calf, forming the active principal of rennet and able to curdle
- comprises of the auricle or pinna which is the fleshy part of the outer ear. It is cup-shaped and collects and amplifies sound waves which then passes along the ear canal to the ear drum or tympanic membrane. The rim of the auricle is called the helix and the inferior portion is called the lobule. The external auditory canal is a carved tube and contains a few hair and ceruminous glands which are specialized sebaceous or oil glands. These secrete ear wax or cerumen. Both the hairs and the cerumen
both sides. First of all, a little background on DNA and genetics. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a complex structure consisting of a double stranded helix made up of complementary base pairs. Adenine (A) pairs up with thymine (T) and guanine (G) matches with cytosine (C). They are held together with the help of hydrogen bonds. The helix is spiral shaped, and the outside of DNA is alternating sugar and phosphate groups. Watson and Crick presented this structure in 1953. "The genetic code
Two young scientists-James Watson and Francis Crick-finally pieced together the precise structure of DNA. The model proposed by Watson and Crick for the structure of DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder. This type of figure is known as a double helix. The sides of the twisted ladder are made up of alternating units of deoxyribose and phosphate. The rungs of the ladder are composed of paired nitrogen bases. Adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs cytosine. The bases are held
locations, it can be grown as far north as Ontario, Canada. It makes an excellent covering for buildings. Its leaves and berries are poisonous. English ivy belongs to the ginseng family, Araliaceae. The scientific classification would be Hedera helix. Being an evergreen plant it has the advantage of being able to photosynthesis during the winter months whereas deciduous trees are dormant. The increased light that is available, by the absence of deciduous leaves allow it to grow more rapidly
“scientific concepts can be extraordinarily bizarre...” (27), wheras the True Believer believe what may seem much more sensible and somewhat down to earth. The example Raymo uses for this is DNA and its ability to reproduce itself. This tiny double-helix somehow manages to spilt and make a copy of its self from chemical components from whatever is surrounding it. It may seem easier for one to believe in a Shroud with a man’s face in it, or the picture of God in the Sistine Chapel, but it is the Skeptics
Stunt Tower is a ride where you can experience the rush of gravity as you descend sixteen stories in seconds and falls at 56 m.p.h. to safety. The Carolina Cyclone is a steel coaster that spins you through four 360-degree loops and a 450-degree uphill helix. Thunder Road is a twin-racing roller coaster takes you backward and forward through North and South Carolina. The Xtreme Skyflyer is a ride that gives you the thrill of hang gliding with the suspense of skydiving as you are hoisted 153 feet in the
structure often contains long stretched out chains of amino acids called strands that line up together to make sheets. These are called beta strands and the sheets are called beta-pleated sheets. A protein may contain either or both alpha helices and beta pleated sheets. Alpha helices and beta pleated sheets are joined by less clear structures often grouped together under the name of coil. Some small proteins may be made of coil. Shape is also important. Proteins are coiled and twisted, giving it a
dominantly inherited form of OI (type I), " a non-functional allele for the alpha 1 (I) chain halves collagen synthesis," (Smith, 1995, 169) and is largely responsible for the inheritance. Single base mutations in the codon for glycine causes lethal (type II) OI by wrecking the formation of the collagen triple helix. Types III and IV are the "less dram- atic outcomes of similar glycine mutations in either the alpha 1 (I) or the alpha 2(I) chains.(Smith, 1995, 169) The clinical signs can be caused from
The Double Helix "The discovery of the structure by Crick and Watson, with all its biological implications, has been one of the major scientific events of this century." (Bragg, The Double Helix, p1) In the story of The Double Helix, James Watson tells of the road that led to the discovery of life's basic building block-DNA. This autobiography gives insight into science and the workings within a professional research laboratory that few members of society will ever be able to experience
from the deoxyribose. This forms what is called a polynucleotide chain. James D. Watson and Francis Crick proved that most DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains that are twisted together into a coil, forming a double helix. Watson and Crick also discovered that in a double helix, the pairing between bases of the two chains is highly specific. Adenine is always linked to thymine by two hydrogen bonds, and guanine is always linked to cytosine by three hydrogen bonds. This is known as base pairing
By identifying the genes that are different and unique, one can use this information to identify an organism. DNA is a double-stranded, “consisting of two such nucleotide chains that wind around each other in the famous shape known as the double helix (TPCR)”. DNA consist of Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine components which can be arrange to generate a “sentence” of a gene sequence which can consists of either a few or thousands of letters long. To get this copying process started, a template
that has a repeating chain of identical five-carbon sugars (polymers) linked together from head to tail. It is composed of four ring shaped organic bases (nucleotides) which are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T). It has a double helix shape and contains the sugar component deoxyribose. THE PROCESS OF DNA REPLICATION How DNA replicates is quite a simple process. First, a DNA molecule is “unzipped”. In other words, it splits into two strands of DNA at one end of the DNA molecule
profitable stocks amongst a myriad of potential alternatives is a daunting task to say the least. In order to narrow my choices from thousands to two, I examined several aspects of companies I was interested in. Among these were, company overview, alpha and beta ratings, price ratios, price charts, and company headlines. After evaluating this information, I chose Intuit INC (INTU) listed on the NASDAQ and Johnson and Johnson (JNJ) listed on the NYSE. Intuit, Inc. Intuit, Inc. is a provider of small
For my final MIRR, I decided to do the book Half Brother, by Kenneth Oppel. This book is from the perspective of a boy named Ben Tomlin. He’s just been dragged along to live in British Columbia because of some experiment his dad is taking place in, about teaching chimpanzees sign language. His family receives a new chimp named Zan to use for “Project Zan”, where they are to teach it sign language to see whether or not chimps can learn ASL (American sign language), as well as raising him as they would
Eugene August wrote how ‘Death of a Salesman’ is a profoundly male tragedy, one in which its protagonist is destroyed by a debilitating concept of masculinity . Willy Loman embodies deluded values, hopes and aspirations that originate from the American dream and infiltrates them into every aspect of his life. His highly inflated dreams of success and prosperity contrast with his emotional instability, which tragically lead to mortality and mutability. ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ on the other hand