“Thus, what motivates men to slay the enemy is anger,” Sun Tzu says in The Art of War. The conflict between Algerian Islamic fundamentalists and the Algerian military backed government is rooted in anger. The conflict, which began as skirmishes between government forces and Islamic fundamentalists, has taken on the proportions of a civil war as fundamentalists carried out kidnappings, assassinations and other forms of civil disturbance. The government has tried pacifying the Muslims by including
think that the war with the Algerians and French just happened out of the blue moon. But everything has a cause and effect, everything has a reason and this takes us all the way back to the 18th century. Algeria at the time was located along the Barbary Coast and was invaded by the French in 1830. The French happened to invade and took areas of the coast that were not controlled by the government, giving them some control over that land. The land might have been for the Algerians but the way they
Pontecorvo’s film The Battle of Algiers takes a street level, personal approach to portray the titular struggle which occurred during the Algerian War of Independence in the country’s capital. As such, and because of the film’s great effort to convey verisimilitude, The Battle of Algiers is useful to historians as a study of the impacts which this violence had on the Algerian population and on the movement for independence. Though attempting to be realistic and convey both sides of the battle, the film cannot
the surprise of the whole world, French President Charles De Gaulle opted for a political solution and announced independence for the Algerians in 1962. To what extent did the activities of FLN influence De Gaulle and what other factors can be identified which led to his surprising decision to grant independence to Algeria? Introduction 1. The Algerian War of Independence (1954–62) was a period of guerrilla strikes, maquis fighting, terrorism against civilians on both sides, and riots between
witnessed in the films The Battle of Algiers and La Haine. The Battle of Algiers tells the story of the Algerian fight for independence in 1956 after being controlled as a colony of France since the 1830s. The film was created with the help of the Front de Libération Nationale, the nationalist group behind the Algerian revolution, and tells the story of independence from the non-French
Great Britain succeeded to decolonize generally in peace while France had much more problems to give up its colonies, which led to numerous conflicts opposing the colonists and the colonized. It has been the case especially in Algeria where a murderous war lasted almost eight years. The philosopher Frantz Fanon has studied the outbreak of this conflict as he was working in Algeria and he spent some time working on the question of colonialism, drawing the conclusion that violence was the only way to get
Man's Place in Society and Nature in Albert Camus' The Stranger and Virginia Woolf's To the Lighthouse A general premise underlying the art of writing is that "language shapes and is shaped by the surrounding society" (McCarthy 41). Authors of an age attempt to effect a message through their writing, and inevitably this telegram to society reflects the temperament of the writer in reaction to his environment and historical context . In this light, Albert Camus' The Stranger (1942) and Virginia
Gillo Pontecorvo's The Battle of Algiers has divided critical opinion. The film which depicts the Algerian struggle for independence, was awarded the Lion d'Or at the 1966 Venice Film Festival and nominated a year later for an Oscar as Best Foreign Film. Despite this acclaim, the inherently controversial film was banned in France until 1971 due to its graphic portrayal of torture and repression during the war. Heavily influenced by the distinctive film style Neorealism, the politically engaged director
and through racial segregation, the minority white population came into power. This paper will focus on these two events in African history and how the international community comprehended the reality of the two situations. In the case of the Algerian War of Independence, the different strategies that both the FLN and France used will be analyzed by the impact they had on the United Nations and the international community. Secondly, the use of song and culture in South Africa by the native population
what extent did Algerian women’s identity during the Algerian War for Independence (1954-1962) change during the decolonization of Algeria from France? Without women, it may have been impossible for Algeria to escape the tyrannies of France. France at the time was facing one of its darkest timelines after suffering a humiliating defeat to the Germany during WW2 and was in no mood to give up their main trade partner. The extent of which women’s identity changed during the Algerian War for Independence
Gardner's model of creativity. His writing has left a lasting impression on the literary world and his life has left a fascinating legacy on the notion of creativity. Childhood Albert Camus was born on November 1, 1913 in Mondovi, a village in the Algerian interior. His ancestors on his father's side arrived after the 1830 conquest of Algeria from France and his mother's side came from Spain. A certain amount of pride accompanied Camus' mixed racial descent. Yet, it was only in Algeria that Camus would
Meursault as Metaphysical Rebel in The Stranger (The Outsider) The Stranger by Albert Camus was published in 1942. The setting of the novel is Algiers where Camus spent his youth in poverty. In many ways the main character, Meursault, is a typical Algerian youth. Like them, and like Camus himself, Meursault was in love with the sun and the sea. His life is devoted to appreciating physical sensations. He seems so devoid of emotion. Something in Meursault's character has appealed primarily to readers
Categorical terrorism, according to Jeff Goodwin, is defined as “the strategic use of violence and threats of violence, usually intended to influence several audiences, by oppositional political groups against civilian or noncombatants who belong to a specific entity, religious or national group, social class or some other collectivity, without regard to their individual identities or roles.” More so, in terms of definition, according to a study done by Jeffrey Record in 2003, there was a count of
The award-winning 1966 film, The Battle of Algiers depicts the struggle between natives (the Algerians) and the colonizer (France) during a revolutionary fight for independence. After viewing this film, it is evident that the reasons for revolution and extreme violence on the part of the Algerians were fueled by the thoughts and ideology of Frantz Fanon, a notorious Algerian psychiatrist who promoted and accepted terrorist violence as a valid means of achieving group goals. Although the extreme violence
The time is 5:44 pm. The setting is in a restaurant. Here you will see the faces of many people whose fate has been sealed for them. Some seems happy, some seems confused, while some seems sad. A happy bartender is talking and enjoying the accompanies of his customers, a lovely couple having a nice conversation with each other, and there is a little boy enjoying his ice cream. Everyone is enjoying that moment of their not knowing what is about to happen to them. It is now 5:45 pm, a minute has gone
The film which depicts the Algerian struggle for independence against French colonial power, was awarded the Lion d'Or at the 1966 Venice Film Festival. Yet, despite this acclaim, the inherently controversial film was banned in France until 1971 due to its graphic portrayal of torture and repression during the Algerian war. The politically engaged director had however sought to make The Battle of Algiers within a 'dictatorship of truth,' neither supporting the Algerians nor reducing his film to propaganda
oppression and dehumanization of Africans by French whites during and after World War II. Days of Glory, released in 2006, focuses on a group of North African Muslims that join the French Army to help free France from Nazi control. However, the French government does not recognize
Though the origins of the phrase are unknown, women around the world have been saying, “the personal is the political and the political is personal” for the past few decades. It is still applicable today when analyzing social movements and the structure of power in society. This phrase does not mean that a woman’s every action is considered to be political and that every personal decision made is political. Instead, the theory could be explained, in terms of overall feminism, by saying personal problems
trivial events such as sports, for example. However, with these types of ideas we are saying that losing is fine. Consequently, youths are goaded to contend with the ideas of being losers and also-rans. In events such as sports, politics, and even war, the old saying should be paraphrased to “It does matter if you win or lose and how you win.” Winning or losing can be a matter of life and death. Today’s professional sports players are so responsible for the team that they know they have to play
conflicts, and in particular women and children; while 100 years ago, war affected ten percent of the civilian population, it now impacts on 90 percent, of which women and children constitute the majority (Heynes, 2003) (16. Helen Scanlon Reading). The French soldiers used violence against the Algerian population as a way to quiet down any thoughts of revolting against the French colony. Sexual violence has been integral to war strategies in many African contexts, but unfortunately the role of armies