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what was the impact on germany for the treaty of versailles
what was the impact on germany for the treaty of versailles
German Responsibility for World War 1
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Section A: Plan of Investigation The exact nature of how the First World War not only started, but developed into a global conflict has been debated since July of 1914. This investigation will focus on the question, to what extent did Germany cause the globalization of the Great War? To answer this question, this study will look at various theories and versions of how the war began and turned from a small European dispute to a global conflict. Specifically, this investigation will be exploring how the conflict escalated from demands for retribution after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, to a world war. To gain further insight into this, this investigation will not only evaluate historical texts, but will also look at official diplomatic documents and correspondences until the United States’ entrance into the war, which marks the true globalization of the war. The two sources that will be evaluated are The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus by Annika Mombauer and Official Diplomatic Documents Relating to the Outbreak of the European War by Edmund van Mach. Section B: Summary of Evidence Tension was rising in Europe as the newly unified German Empire began to feel that it deserved a place among the colonial powers of Europe. Germany saw the success of France and Britain’s overseas empires and had begun to compete with them for colonial and naval strength. (Joll 18-20). This made the leaders of the British and French empires nervous. This lead to the formation of the alliances mentioned above as a way to ensure their dominance in the world. ... ... middle of paper ... ...th Photographic Reproductions of Official Editions of the Documents (Blue, White, Yellow, Etc., Books). New York: Macmillan, 1916. Print. Manchester, William R. The Arms of Krupp. Boston: Little, Brown and, 1968. 293-354. Print. Miller, Steven E. Military Strategy and the Origins of the First World War. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1985. Print. Mombauer, Annika. Helmuth Von Moltke and the Origins of the First World War. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001. Print. Mombauer, Annika. Harlow, Eng.: Longman, 2002. Print. Steinberg, Jonathan. How did Bismarck do it? The creation of the modern unified German state in January 1871 constitutes the greatest diplomatic and political achievement of any leader of the last two centuries; but it was effected at a huge personal and political price. History Today 61.2 (2011): 21+. Student Resources in Context. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
Mowbray, James A. "Preceding the Outbreak of War." The Great War. United States Air Force:
Storey, William Kelleher. First World War : A Concise Global History. Rowman & Littlefield Pub., Inc, 2010. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed March 11, 2012).
Murray, Williamson R. (1998-08-13). Military Innovation in the Interwar Period (p. 242). Cambridge University Press
Throughout history there have been few military theorists who have influenced military thinking. The military revolution that occurred during the American Civil War changed the face of warfare. The theories of both Antione-Henri Jomini and Carl von Clausewitz, the two most prominent military theorists of the 19th Century, can be seen in many aspects of the conflict. While Jomini’s tactics played a large role on the battlefield, the strategic concepts of Carl Von Clausewitz best characterize the nature of the Civil War. The writings of Clausewitz proved prophetic in three distinct areas: the strength of the defense over the offense, the concept of “Total War” used by General Grant, and the theory of war as an extension of policy.
Remak, Joachim. The Origins of World War I: 1871 – 1914. 2nd ed. California: Thomson Custom
Bard, Mitchell G. The Complete Idiot's Guide to world War II, Macmillan Publishing, New York, New York, 1999
Beck, James M. The Evidence in the Case as to The Moral Responsibility for the War. New York: Knickerbocker Press, 1915.
Grayzel, Susan R. The First World War: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2013. Print.
O'Neill, William L. World War II: A Student Companion. New York: Oxford UP, 1999. Print.
Field, Frank. British and French Operations of the First World War. Cambridge (England); New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
The importance of the alliance system that developed in Europe in the decades before World War I as a cause for it is still an important topic of debate and argument between modern historians. Some argue that the alliance system was a direct cause of the outbreak of war between all major countries in Europe while other historians prefer to state that the alliance configuration we observe before the war started was simply a symptom of the conflicts and disagreements, fears and envies that had been accumulating since the Bismarck system of alliances collapsed, and even before then. This last opinion is becoming more accepted as the one that describes the true importance of the actual alliance system as a cause of the war. In order to determine the importance of the alliance system as a cause for the war we must first explore the origins of these alliances. We will take high-point of the Bismarck system in 1878 as our starting point as the Franco-Prussian war is a key factor for the development of this system.
O’Neill, William L. World War II A Student Companion. 1 ed. William H. Chafe. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
However, when historians come to discuss militarism on this subject, their theme tends to be based around whether or not a sense of rivalry between Germany and Britain was one of the primary causes. The purpose of this paper is answering the essay question above by examining the Anglo-German relations before 1914, and its significance on outbreak of the war.
World War I was a conflict that claimed over 10 million peoples’ lives, ravaged all of Europe and engineered modern warfare, as it is know today. The Great War has been scrutinized and examined through many complex theories in order to understand how such a conflict escalated to one of the most epic wars in history. This essay, like many works before it, looks to examine WWI and determine its causes through two distinct levels of analysis, individual and systemic. The individual level of analysis locates the cause of conflicts in individual leaders or decision makers within a particular country, focusing on the characteristics of human decision-making. The systemic level of analysis explains the causation of a conflict from a system wide level that includes all states, taking in to account the distribution of power and the interaction of states in the international system.
Professor Geoff Hayes, “4 August 1914: Slithering Over the Brink, The Origins of the Great War,” Lecture delivered 31 October, 2011, HIST 191, University of Waterloo