Thermodynamics and Kinetics
Why do people have to understanding what thermodynamics is and what impacts it has in our society? In lecture “ Thermodynamics and Kinetics” of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Moungi Bawendi focuses his attention on what the definition of thermodynamics is and how its laws are very important to apply to the thermodynamics’ calculations. Bawendi did a good job by saying that it is very essential for students, especially for those from engineering, to understand the thermodynamics’ concepts. Although, some students think that thermodynamics is one more lesson to learn, they should learn the connection between thermodynamics and internal combustion engine, know the empirical rules and identify the specific systems, in order to solve physical problems. Moungi Bawendi (2008), reveals In lecture “ Thermodynamics and
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First of all, he reveals that when carbon dioxide began causing serious problems such as climate change on the environment, the thermodynamics came as one of the way of making the process of internal combustion engine more efficient. Thermodynamics causes a great impact on the development of the cars’ evolution due to the thermodynamics’ functions in the internal burning engine. For example, in the earliest years of the discovery of cars as a means of transport, people began using the first transport such Ford Model T that had no motor at all. By the time, the Otto engine came to facilitate people’s lives from not spending a lot of time pedaling the cars of model T in that time. After Otto motor coming, engineers came up with the thermodynamics’ discover to implement within the internal combustion to make the motor to produce torque in order to increase the car’s velocity. Hence, thermodynamics is very important in the physical field and it can consequently influence the development of the machines used by people
Convection is a transfer of internal energy into or out of an object by the physical movement of a surrounding fluid that transfers the internal energy along with its mass. According to Oxford Dictionary, convection is the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder or denser material to sink under gravity's influence, that results in transfer of heat. Two fluids are liquid and gas.The fluid above a hot surface expands, becomes less dense, and rises.This applies to objects such as steam from a hot cup of coffee turning cool, ice melting like heat moving to ice from the air, or frozen material becoming raw like how frozen food thaws more quickly under cold running water. When
Although most people deem Henry Ford the father of automobiles, most historians agree that the birth of the modern car came about in the 19th century with some previous trial and error designs that led up to what we consider to be automobiles today. Beginning in the late 1700s, European engineers began experimenting with motor powered vehicles. Steam combustion and electric motors had all been attempted by the mid-1800s but had not yet been mastered. Surprisingly, the electric car was the most popular but a battery strong enough to move at more than a few miles per hour had not yet been invented yet. Imagine how different the world would be today if engineers had spent more time on innovating a battery for an electric car rather than creating a brand new engine with emissions which polluted the atmosphere. Automobile pioneers like Ransom E. Olds and Henry Ford c...
...t of the electric car for the economic and practical benefits that would reinvigorate the country and make life easier for everyone. Upon revisiting the original question to this essay, the electric car is a worthy solution to our energy crisis and proves to be an economically responsible car. Its long-term cost savings outweighs easily improved flaws. However, in order to better understand the work done by scientists, research must be done specifically on the predecessors to the electric car and determine how those have stood the test of time. This will be done in order to help predict how the electric car will survive in the world. The future may always have a hint of uncertainty, but if scientists, governments, and drivers implement the new car with care, the goal of a smooth transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources can finally be achieved.
The invention of the automobile in the early 20th century has had an adverse affect on our environment. Our society has used technology in order to advance the automobile to make it better and more efficient. The automobile industry knows what sells and they take advantage of that. With this growing technology to advance automobiles also comes flaws. The biggest and most obvious flaw is pollution. Because of pollution, we find ourselves asking the question of whether this technology has helped our society more than it has hurt it.
The invention of the Internal Combustion Engine has completely altered and changed not only the way we transport ourselves through automobiles, planes and trains but also at the way in which Industry evolves and with it closes the gap from an agricultural economy to an Industrial economy. As Modern technologies advanced through the 18th and 19th century the internal combustion people have relied on its power. The Internal combustion engine is not simply a Over 150 years ago...
Climate change has been one of the most discussed issues in these modern days. It is prove on many researches that the increase in man-made green house gas emission can significantly affect the climate in the world, on every part of the globe. In the last few years, climate change has become the most researched subject in science. The reason is that because climate change can affect significantly to the earth and it has to be taken care of. In a business world, particularly in Automotive Industry, climate change is also one of the must discussed subject, and because of automobile is one of the factors that produce the most CO2 (Carbon dioxide), it become one issue that force automotive industry to change their product to reduce the amount of CO2 emission.
The invention of internal combustion engines in the early 19th century has led to the discovery of utilisation of cheap energy that is petroleum and this enabled the world to develop and progress into the modern world today. Humans were able to accomplish more work done with little manual labour, using internal combustion engines powered by fossil fuels. Internal combustion engine are mechanical power devices that convert heat energy to mechanical energy with the combustion process taking place in a system boundary (Rolle, 2005). Among the internal combustion engine invented in the 19th century were the Otto engine, Diesel engine and gas turbine engine. Gas turbine engine is one of the popular engines used today due to its high torque per weight ratio relative to other types of internal combustion engines. As explained by Cengel and Boles (2011), the gas turbine engine works on a 6 stages process, namely air intake, compression, fuel injection, combustion, expansion and exhaust (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
When gasoline burns in the engine of a car, an equal amount of work and heat appears as the energy is released. The heat from the engine warms its surroundings, the car parts, the air, and the passenger area. The heat energy is converted into the electrical energy of the radio, chemical energy of the battery, and radiant energy of the lights. The change in the sum of all of the energies formed from the burnt gasoline is equal to the “.change in energy between the reactants and products.” Biological processes, like photosynthesis, also follow energy conservation.
Heat is thermal energy being transferred from one place to another, because of temperature changes. This can take place by three processes. These three processes are known as conduction, convection, and radiation.
As discussed in class, submission of your solutions to this exam will indicate that you have not communicated with others concerning this exam. You may use reference texts and other information at your disposal. Do all problems separately on clean white standard 8.5” X 11” photocopier paper (no notebook paper or scratch paper). Write on only one side of the paper (I don’t do double sided). Staple the entire solution set in the upper left hand corner (no binders or clips). Don’t turn in pages where you have scratched out or erased excessively, re-write the pages cleanly and neatly. All problems are equally weighted. Assume we are working with “normal” pressures and temperatures with ideal gases unless noted otherwise. Make sure you list all assumptions that you use (symmetry, isotropy, binomial expansion, etc.).
Both of the two auto vehicles are brought into the human industry as the use of benefit students’ lives become more convenient traveler. In commons, the two automobile created opportunities jobs in the economic companies’ nation. Plus, several students did not noticed that both cars and public transportation have one major similar concept where two of the transit vehicle produce environmental pollution, traffic congestion, and oil consumption problems. Encounter, the public transportation and cars can cause a huge impact to the environmental which it can lead human health problems. Mostly, both of the automobile still release noxious gases into the air, and over time the built up can change the environment global warming to like an unhealthy
...ion free. While the technology does exist, the complete implement of zero emission transportation has to be pushed. Ones concern for their role in changing the planet must expand beyond their individual realm of influence. The education and structure of developing countries will play a key role in determining transportations future. As humans progress the flow of outdated technology sifts down through the various economies, to some the idea of transportation through the internal combustion engine is still a novel idea. For the future of transportation to remain as useful and dependable as it is today, a conscious effort must be made to correct climate change while influencing those whose are still captivated by technology and unaware of its catastrophic effects to take a new approach and enable the entire population of the world to commute with sustainable energy.
Thesis: Learning about the Climate Change will help us better understand pollution in the world.
The problems associated with climate change are mainly due to the combustion of fossil fuels. It is difficult however to stop this problem. The solutions of being more energy efficient, and improving emissions-control technology, can help lessen the environmental damage done by fossil fuel use they ultimately only alleviate the pressure of increase of pollution and affluence(Delucchi, Jacobson 31).
No matter what the third body is, if the first and second bodies are in equilibrium, the third follows that pattern. The property of temperature in this law is a crucial cause of equilibrium due to the fact that increasing or decreasing the temperature varies the energy by creating disorder when it is absorbed into the body and disperses. For this law, “[w]hat is important is that the Zeroth Law establishes that temperature is a fundamental and measurable property of matter” and “it supersede[s] the other three laws” (“What is the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?”). In several reactions, especially in chemical reaction, temperature plays a major role in all of it. A potential comparison is that if a person shares a room with another person and both are organized, they will organize their room to their standards. The two people compare to the two bodies that are at equilibrium and the third body achieves equilibrium with the other two. In this case, organization is the property to achieve that equilibrium. In addition, relating to the first law, the transfer of energy can have increased strength based on the temperature such as in electricity in different reactions in the light bulbs. For the second law, energy relates to entropy where temperature can increase the energy that can increase the entropy, leading to further chaos and havoc.