Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Meiosis and genetics
The Theory of Evolution for and against
Essay about evolution theory
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Meiosis and genetics
There are many different theories surrounding the topic of evolution. One of which is the concept of genetic inheritance. Genetic inheritance is the passing on of genes from parents to offspring. This happens during the process of meiosis in the formation of egg and sperm cells. When the cell divides, the total number of chromosomes halves. When the egg and sperm join, half of each parents’ genes are passed on to the offspring (Mandal, 2013).
The theory of evolution is defined as the change in inherited traits of a population through successive generation (Forbes, 2010). The change in genes over time leads to evolution. These changes happen through genetic inheritance, the passing of genes from parent to offspring, generation after generation. Genes are inherited through numerous processes.
Autosomal dominant inheritance means that if a person carries one copy of that gene, the trait is likely to develop in the offspring (Mandal, 2013). The gene inherited is dominant over other genes. This means that only one parent may pass the gene on in order for the trait to be passed on. As seen in the figure i) (below left), if a parent carries an altered gene for a dominant condition, each of their children has a 50% or 1 in 2 chance of inheriting the altered gene. This is same for all children (Mandal, 2013).
Autosomal recessive inheritance is the inheritance of a genes second working copy. With recessive genes, it is only if someone inherits two altered copies of the same gene from each of their parents, they are likely to be expressed (Mandal, 2013). As seen in Figure ii) (below right), if both parents carry the faulty gene on alleles they are likely pass on their defective gene in only 25% of their offspring.
Characteris...
... middle of paper ...
...ldren or not, depending on the risks. Without our extensive knowledge of genetic inheritance, parents would not have this opportunity to possibly prevent future genetically inherited disorders or diseases.
Genetically engineered vaccines are also a technology that has been able to be created from the knowledge of genetic inheritance. A genetically engineered vaccine is the deliberate modification of a gene to fight disease. The genes are programmed to produce an antiviral protein in a bacterial cell to fight the disease (Unknown, 2011).
The role genetic inheritance has to play in the future is very important. With the continual study and of genetic inheritance, a greater understanding of genetic diseases will improve treatments and therapies. The human species will continue to evolve through the change of traits and characteristics; that is genetic inheritance.
In today’s modern age science is moving at a rapid pace; one of those scientific fields that has taken the largest leaps is that of genetics. When genetics first comes to mind, many of us think of it as a type of science fiction, or a mystical dream. Yet genetics is here, it is real, and has numerous ethical implications.
Evolution, also known as descent with modification, is a phrase Darwin used in proposing the evolution of Earth’s many species. Charles Darwin noticed that the descendants of ancestral species were different from the present day forms of species. Darwinism is a theory of biological evolution developed by Charles Darwin who was an English naturalist. He expounded the theory of evolution in his book of the Origin Species in 1859. He expresses that all types of organisms emerge and develop through natural selection, small, acquired traits that expands the individuals of capacity, survival, and reproduction. In this book, Darwin theorized that animals and plants evolve and develop with the aid of the creator through the process of natural selection.
The first part of the evolution theory is evolution itself. Evolution itself is the idea that a species undergoes a genetic change over time to evolve into something that is very different. These differences are seen in our DNA and are considered mutations at first but slowly become the norm.
"On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life," usually shortened to "the Origin of Species," is the full title of Charles Darwin's book, first published in 1859, in which Darwin formalized what we know today as the Theory of Evolution. Although Darwin is the most famous exponent of this theory, he was by no means the first person to suspect the workings of evolution. In fact, Charles owed a considerable debt to his grandfather Erasmus, a leading scientist and intellectual, who published a paper in 1794, calledZoonomia, or, The Laws of Organic Life. This set down many of the ideas that his grandson elaborated on 70 years later.
...hich inherited traits, such as those for genetic disease, can be tracked over generations. Throughout out the course of human development, scientists will continue to find new new ways to help the human race through the discovery of the human gene inside of each of us, its uses, as well as complications, that can help the survival of our species.
What is evolution and how does it work? Evolution is the theory of how one form of life changes into another form. Evolution also is the change of a population’s inherited traits from generation to generation. Evolution helps to explain why an animal, human, and plant looks the way it does and acts the way it does; it gives an explanation of the history of life. Genes come in many varieties and the evolution helps to make it happen. Mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow: the four forces that make the evolution work.
James Hutton was born June 3rd, 1726, in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was a Scottish farmer and a naturalist, later in life he was known as the father of modern geology.
Evolution suggests that life began as relatively small and simple organism and developed into various complex organisms today. Charles Darwin proposed his Theory of Evolution, forming the foundation of evolutionary biology. He suggested that the origins of new life and evolution are caused by natural selection over successive generations. It allows differential reproduction of genotypes. There are five principles drawn upon the observation and assumption of evolution, which are reproductive potential, constancy of number, struggle for existence, individual differences and inheritance of traits.
For almost all types of Albinism both parents or mates must carry an albinism gene in order for their child to have albinism. Because the body has two sets of genes, a person may have normal pigmentation but carry the albinism gene. If a person has one normal gene and one albinism gene that is still enough to pass the disease on to their children. Even if both parents have the albinism gene it does not mean they have the sickness. The baby will have a one out of four chance of getting the disease. This is inherited by autosomal recessive inheritance.
The evolutionary theory is the concept that species evolve over time through the mechanism of natural selection of survival and reproduction. Natural selection means acting on the assumption that various living organisms were produced by genetic diversity and mutation. The evolution theory may also be referred to as the philosophizing science. This theory states that all phenomena are derived from natural causes and can be explained by scientific laws without reference to a plan or purpose.
The genetic defect that causes albinism in other types of albinism is unknown, but it is speculated that it involves other enzymes used to make pigment. Albinism is passed from parents to their children through genes. For nearly all types of albinism, both parents must carry an albinism gene to have a child with albinism. Parents may have normal pigmentation, but still carry the gene. When both parents carry the gene, and neither parent has albinism, there is a one in four chance at each pregnancy that the baby will be born with albinism.
Hereditary is inheritance from family members. Such as genetics from the parents. Also families may get diseases, which are carried in the family.
The evolution theory, one of the most significant theories, laid groundwork for the study of modern biological science. This theory has lead scientists into unending debates due to lack of empirical supports. Until the mid-eighteenth century, when Charles Darwin came up with an explanation to evolution, scientists, then, began to endorse this hypothesis. In “Natural Selection,” Darwin explains the natural selection, a plausible mechanism that causes evolution, to gain approval of his cynical audience for his evolution theory. He supports his claim with numerous examples of animals and plants that have developed traits beneficial for survival. A century later, Stephen Jay Gould, influenced by Darwin’s work, supports the evolution theory with a different method. In “Evolution as Fact and Theory,” Gould, in contrast to Darwin, criticizes his detractors, the creationists who believe that every life form is the creation of a supernatural being, to reinforce the validity of the evolution theory. Gould undermines creationism by emphasizing its misused concepts of theory and popular philosophy, proving that it is not science. Besides denouncing creationism, Gould also provides theoretical examples as evidence to prove evolution is a theory. Despite their different approaches, both Darwin and Gould effectively prove the existence of evolution.
Evolution is a complex process by which organisms change over time; it is a process in which traits are passed from one generation to the next (Darwin and Beer 1996:108-139). Evolutionists have tried to explain the loss of functions of different organs, for centuries. The two most prominent scientists that studied evolution were Jean-Baptist Lamarck and Charles Darwin. Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characters and Darwin’s variational evolution were the most important theories that attempted to explain evolution before the discovery of genes during the beginning of the twentieth century.
Without evolution, and the constant ever changing environment, the complexity of living organisms would not be as it is. Evolution is defined as a process that results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations (8).Scientists believe in the theory of evolution. This belief is based on scientific evidence that corroborates the theory of evolution. In Figure 1 the pictures of the skulls depict the sequence of the evolution of Homo-sapiens. As the figure shows, man has evolved from our common ancestor that is shared by homo-sapiens. The change of diet of homo-sapiens over time has thought to contribute to the change in jaw structure and overall skull shape.