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Importance of research in psychology
The role of theory in understanding personality
Quizlet on theories of personality
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Although there is no universally accepted definition for what personality is, the most widely accepted interpretation of personality is the pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior (Feist & Feist, 2009). Notice how this definition also dictates that these characteristics promote both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior. Therefore, personality is unique to individuals; twins do not share personalities. Consistency causes us to behave the same or in a similar manner in different situations. Traits may be common among a specific group but the pattern is still specific to each individual. The term personality focuses on prominent areas of an individual’s life such as a person’s outward appearance. This accumulation of psychological collections includes emotions, motives and thoughts. Personality also influences how we behave and move in relation to our environment. Ironically, the reason for the lack of a universal definition derives from the many backgrounds, cultures, ethnicities, and religions of the many personality theorists who work separately or unified to formulate theories. To reach a mutual agreement as to what personality is would be to reach a universal agreement as to what the nature of humanity is, as well as viewing personality from the exact same viewpoint; this is impossible. There also exist tools for personality theorists to gather data and formulate theories: empirical data and experiences as psychotherapists (Feist & Feist, 2009). The difficulty faced in the field of psychotherapy comes in formulating theories. Like any other field, one must be totally objective to form useful theories. Because wit... ... middle of paper ... ...lly obvious when studying how students vote at election polls similar to their parents (Jonason & Webster, 2012). In conclusion, many factors develop theories of personality including the personalities of the theorists themselves. One must be objective in making theories in order for them to have any real use. If these theories are not capable of generating hypotheses that can change, verify, or falsify it, it holds no real merit. The dimensions of analyzing human nature and personality are subjective to the faults of personality itself. Works Cited Feist, J., & Feist, G. (2009). Theories of Personality (7th ed.). New York, NY: Mc Graw Hill. Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2012). A protean approach to social influence: Dark Triad personalities and social influence tactics. Personality & Individual Differences, 52(4), 521-526. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.023
What is personality? Are humans born with a personality or does it develop over time through personal experience? Each person has unique characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that stay consistent over time and across situations. Over the years, psychologists have approached the study of personality in many ways. Some psychologists set out to understand how personality develops, while others set out to understand why there are differences in personality. Humans are complex beings, changing in different situations and with different people, which makes personality too complex to easily be described. However, psychologists focus on studying the internal and external aspects of a person’s character that influence
After Allport, came along two psychologists, Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck, who each formulated their own theories regarding traits. Their theories have been the subjects of considerable research in the world of psychology. Cattell seemed to focus on far too many traits, while Eysenck seemed to focus on too few. As a result, psychologists have combined the two theories to make one satisfactory theory (Cherry), called “The Big Five Factors” (Myers). They are: conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion. These five factors merge to create the human personality (Cherry). Where people fall into these factors s...
Eleanor Roosevelt once said, “Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people.” Personality is characterized by many dimensions of a person’s overall being. The belief that personality stems from one origin is small minded and on many levels, unsupported. If the scope of personality is expanded, it suggests that there is not a single explanation determining a person’s personality and how it is formed. Personality Theories have been generated for centuries by individuals who desire to identify what distinguishes a person’s personality and how it affects their behaviors. What is it that comprises all the unique characteristics about a person?
Holdstock, T. L., & Rogers, C. R. (1977). Person-Centered Theory. In R. J. Corsini (Ed), Current Personality Theories (pp. 125-152). Itasca, IL: Peacock.
Feist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2009). Theories of Personality (7th ed.). New York, New York: McGraw-Hill.
A person’s personality has been the subject of psychological scrutiny for many years. Psychologists have drawn up several theories in an attempt to accurately predict and determine one’s personality. Foremost amongst these, is the “Big Five Trait Theory” which stemmed from Raymond B. Cattell’s theory.
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2013). Theories of personality (10th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage/Wadsworth.
Personality is a branch of scientific discipline that studies temperament and its variation among people. It is a dynamic and a set of characteristics possessed by their atmosphere, cognitions, emotions, motivations and behaviours in various things. Personality conjointly refers to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments and behaviour consistently exhibited over time that powerfully influences one’s exceptions, self-perceptions, values and attitudes. It also predicts human reactions to different folks, problems and stress.
The study of personality traits is beneficial in identifying the many variables that exist from human to human; the combinations of these variables provide us with a true level of individuality and uniqueness. In the field of psychology, trait theory is considered to be a key approach to the study of human personality (Crowne, 2007; Burton, Westen & Kowalski, 2009). This paper aims to identify a number of significant contributors who have played crucial roles in both the development and application of trait theory. This paper then moves focus to these theorists, outlining their theory and analysing both the strengths and weaknesses of those theories. An illustration of the methods used in trait measurement is given and includes the arguments for and against such procedures.
Different people describe the word ‘personality’ differently. Martin et al. (2010,p.610) describes personality as a “particular pattern of behavior and thinking that prevails across time and situations, and differentiates one person from another”. According to Mullins and Christy (2013,p.136), they explain that Personality may be perceived as “consisting of stable characteristics that explains why an individual behaves a certain way. Independence, conscientiousness, agreeableness and self-control are all examples of personality characteristics”. Mullins and Christy (2013, p.136) further explain that we can only identify and understand a person’s personality from listening, watching and observing them. For instance, an independent person may show independence characteristic by demonstrating a strong sense of self-sufficiency. It would be expected that this individual would not be dependable on other people around him and if this is established, it can support the characteristic being a consistent part of the person’s behavior. Individuals are therefore generally consistent in the way they respond to situations. At...
Hergehhahn, B. R. and Olson, M. H. (1999). An Introduction to Theories of Personality. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
P.J. (2004). Personality: Theory and Research. USA: Wiley. SMITH. T. W. and WILLIAMS.
Feist, J., Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T. A. (2009). Theories of personality. New York:
In this essay I will describe the four major theories of personality and identify the advantages and disadvantages of each. The first major theory of personality is psychodynamic which was created by Sigmund Freud. The second major theory of personality is trait or five-factor model which is the most scientifically supported model. The third major theory of personality is humanistic, and Carl Rogers was the best known humanistic theorist. Finally, the fourth major theory of personality is social cognitive which was developed by social learning theorists.
Our personalities are what distinguish us from each other beyond our appearance; without them, we would all behave and react in the same way. Personality is the reason we are outgoing or introverted, persistent or blaze, and anxious or calm. We each have different levels of these competing characteristics that make us unique. But why are personalities so varied? Personality is determined by an array of factors from genetic and biological to the personal experiences and decisions we have faced from the day we are born. The complexity of our personalities cannot be simply explained, and for this reason there exists many different theories of how it’s developed and personality is still deeply under study. I went into this subject with an open-mind