1. Identifying a research question
Before conducting a research study, researchers or students research need to identify a research topic that interest researchers. Then formulating the research topic to a hypothesis, in other words, research question for the research. There are two possible ways of development of research question, including deductive theory construction and inductive theory construction (Babbie, 2013, pp-52-54).
According to Babbie (2013, p.52) deductive theory construction has following steps. First step, researchers need to select a topic that interest to them. However, selected topic may be broader meaning. If it is, researchers should refine the topic to be specific. Then researchers should check that topic whether it
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Those are: qualitative method research, quantitative method research and mixed methods research. Each method has its unique in term of strengths and weaknesses. However, this paper focuses on mixed research methodology only. Therefore, what is mixed methods research? According to
There are two main reasons why this mixed methods research is chosen for answering to the research question, including minimize the gap of missing data from quantitative or qualitative method and generating a better results of the research question more than one method.
The first main reason of choosing mixed methods research is that multiple methods research can minimize the gap of missing data from qualitative and quantitative methods approaches. As McLaughlin (1991) explains in his paper that in most cases, researchers use qualitative research approach to discover some findings after conducting quantitative research. Some researchers deploy quantitative method after conducting qualitative method research, prior to complete with gaps of data analysis (McLaughlin, 1991, pp.303-304).
Johnson and Onwuegbuzie (2007) (as cited in Connelly (2009) claims that mixed methods approach provides a room for researchers to be able to answer to more complex research questions because they use both methods for the survey research (Connelly, 2009,
Although the mixed method gathering information is good, but I need to understand the procedure and technique needed to achieve the end results. Also, I will need to have a target schedule plan on how the research study can be achieve, which should be done in a more realistic pattern in concentrating on research topics that align to the study. Separate my findings from different ethnic groups about their perspective on intimate violent relationship, by avoiding generalize opinion of research participant, investigate and observe both first-hand and second-hand through the examination of external and internal
Different styles of research are employed in research to safeguard that the facts are acquired to permit examiners to find resolution to the principal queries for the study correctly, therefore, evading uncertainty ( ). Acquiring relevant proof encompasses stipulating the type of proof mandatory in answering the query. Methodological designs encompass logical complications; therefore, matters of sampling, information gathering methods, and queries are secondary to the type of method used in research. Strategies are often compared with quantitative and qualitative research methods. Research and collective studies are often observed as principal specimens of quantitative research and are evaluated compared to the flaws and strong point of numerical, examination, and quantitative research methods ( ).
To fulfill accuracy in this research, the main strategy that is used is the mixed methods, which lies under the post-positivist philosophy. This strategy is mainly the result of the combination of the positivist and the anti-positivist philosophies. In their book Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research, Creswell and Plano Clark (2011, p. 5) state that the mixed methods technique “[…] involves philosophical assumptions that guide the direction of the collection and analysis of data and the mixture of qualitative and quantitative data in a single study or series of studies.”
...uch issues. Then, the discussion about giving an alternative way of conducting the research has applied with me a good chance to look at multiple facets of methodology and methods. Such practice could help new researchers to improve their skills and depth of thinking. Last but not the least, the examination of how theory research and practice interact within the context and potentially is indeed interesting and helpful. This is a training of systematically understanding researches thereby gaining some ideas of how a good research should be structured and kept consistent. With regards to the limitation of space, the discussions are surely not sufficient enough to get clear every points. For an example, the details of how to perform the suggested mixed-methods way of research. In future, efforts should be made by me to provide better theory-grounded profound arguments.
There are two types of research that can be conducted in research studies, these are qualitative and quantitative (Newman, 2011). Qualitative research is a process that uses detailed oriented methodology that tries to achieve a profound knowledge or understanding of specific incident and circumstance, wh...
Most of the researchers used a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Quantitative research was primarily used when gathering demographic data, surveys or telephonic monitoring. However, in these same studies, more qualitative methods such as focus groups and team meetings were also used. It was noted mixed methods of research design was also reflective of the conceptual frameworks guiding most of the studies since their conceptual approaches to study were built from mostly theoretical ideas. Tsai et.al. (2014) reviewed medical records of over 19,000 participants but their research design methods were based in observational study samples and telephonic surveys. Buzza et.al (2011) also used a mixed research design for their study including
Stringfield, S. & Teddlie, C. (2003). Mixed methods sampling strategies in social science research in Tsshakkori. Kemper, E.A., .
There are several definitions of Mixed method research, a study by Johnson et al. (2007) found that mixed methods research has been defined in 19 different ways. Prominent among those definition includes that of Creswell and Clark (2007) defines Mixed method research as research in which data collection and analysis are to integrate the findings and draw influences using both qualitative and quantitative approaches or methods in a single study or inquiry. The emphasis on the definition is “integrate “, ascertaining that, many scholars believe that mixing or integration happens at different stages of the research process. Similarly, Tashakkori and Teddlie (2010), defines mixed methods research as a type of research design in which QUAL and QUAN ( qualitative and quantitative) approaches are used in research questions, methods, data collection and analysis procedures, or in inferences. Different Challenges facing MMM which will be discussed in the next
This paper aims to define mixed methods research and to answer the following question: if researchers are on the same team, yet have different philosophical approaches, can this be reconciled? In general, mixed research or mixed method was defined as “a synthesis that includes ideas from qualitative and quantitative research”(Johnson, Onwuegbuzie, & Turner, 2007). They also, mentioned other definitions for the mixed method such as Greene’s definition that is “Mixed method inquiry is an approach to investigating the social world that ideally involves more than one methodological tradition and thus more than one way of knowing, along with more than one kind of technique for gathering, analyzing, and representing human phenomena, all for the purpose
Deductive approach will be used. Deductive as explained by Saunders and Lewis (2012, p. 108) it is an approach “which involves the testing of a theoretical proposition by using a research strategy designed to perform this test.” Moreover, we add that the research question should be defined while using general theory that exists already. (Saunders and Lewis 2012, p.108). Perhaps, deductive approach gives us the possibility to understand the theories that are currently established and raise questions or hypothesis to achieve any required further research. Saunders et al. (2012, p. 145) further explains that the hypotheses can be directly linked and formed from a theory or theories. Furthermore, deductive approach
...questions, and allow for pre-constructed hypotheses to be tested in order to answer the ‘how’ questions. || Secondly, the mixed research bridges the gap between the two methodologies, creating a complementary relationship. The findings of the research are now better supported with the generation of numbers to back narratives and vice versa, painting a fuller picture to portray to and convince the intended research audience. || Thirdly, it allows for a larger quantity and more complex questions to be answered, as the complement would balance out the limitations of both researches. Researcher would not be required to give up one for the other when faced with the selection of research paradigms or methodologies. || The advantages of the mixed method would eventually provide stronger evidences for the conclusion of the research through the corroboration of the findings.
Connelly (2009) cites Yin (2006) that one drawback of mixed methods research is that the researcher might have a difficulty of implementation of both research methodologies, mainly when the collection of data carry out at the same time. Then it is essential to have a team who has knowledge of applying multiple research methodologies in term of conduct the research survey and produce meaningful results (Connelly, 2009,
….both quantitative and qualitative research are important and useful. The goal of mixed methods research is not to replace either of these approaches but rather to draw from the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of both in single research studies and across studies.
Every research study should describe the methods used for collecting, analysing and interpreting data. Research methodology is a systematic solving of the research problem and includes all the tools and methods used in the research process.
The Importance and Appropriateness of Utilizing Different Methodologies for Research. Introduction The process of research entails the logical as well as systematic search for useful data and information with regard to a specific topic (Jha, 2008). It is also comprised of the investigation of the best, most cost effective and appropriate solutions to both social and scientific issues, following an objective and logical analysis. Jha, (2008) defines research as the search for knowledge and the discovery of the truth. During this process, the data can be gathered from a wide pool of sources among them interviews, books, nature among others.The data can then be analyzed with the appropriate data analysis tools, so as to report the findings