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Alice in Wonderland and literary analysis
Femininity in the Victorian era
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An Analysis of Alice’s Victorian Insanity In Alice In Wonderland by Lewis Carroll, Alice must navigate her own mind to find out who she is. Nothing goes smooth, and Alice acts strangely in some cases; this is not by accident. In 1856, Carroll wrote in his diary that when we are dreaming, and we know we’re dreaming, we partake in insane actions. He continues to ask that because of this, why shouldn’t insanity be considered an inability to discern what is real and what is a dream? (Schatz 95) Alice shows signs of insanity as she falls down the hole. “Well! After such a fall as this, I shall think nothing of tumbling down-stairs! How brave they’ll all think of me at home!” (Carroll 8) This is blatant disregard of the seriousness of the situation, …show more content…
A quote from Samantha Pegg’s work ‘Madness is a Woman’: Constance Kent and Victorian Constructions of Female Insanity sums this up. “Morally purer, but vulnerable and weaker than men, women were then placed into a position where a fall from grace could easily be related to their inherent femininity.” This quote serves as an insight into why Carroll chose to make Alice a weaker, and seemingly lesser character. Moreover, Alice seems to fit that “morally pure” peg, at least by Victorian standards, as well. This is shown when she is talking to the mouse about his tail. “It is a long tail, certainly, by why do you call it sad?” (Carroll 23) Here Alice portrays that childhood innocence that plagues her throughout the story. She keeps up with her Victorian ideals, which makes her morally delightful by Victorian standards. This then leads back into Carroll’s portrayal of Alice as insane. She is again missing a piece of the puzzle that is right in front of …show more content…
In the case of Constance Kent that lasted from 1860-1865, it is shown that a connection between the two was made true. This is best stated by Samantha Pegg: “Although the defence of insanity was not conceived as such at this point in history, it did find a place in the Victorian legal system as a defence for those suffering from ‘being female’.” (Pegg 212) This thought cannot be disputed as to not be wholesome throughout the country. “There is no, and cannot be, any situation in which we don't respect the law and the judiciary. It is unacceptable to attack the courts; criticism is allowed, but attacks are not. It shakes the basis of our democracy.” (Rivlin) What this is saying is that the courts sayings and doings are always a reflection of the public opinion at the time. That’s the basis of our country; the people are the basis of our country, and if the courts beheld a thought in the Victorian Era that the weakness of femininity was insanity, then that’s what the people
Of course there is no sure way to prove that Carroll did not intend any deeper meaning into the story, after all, he was a mathematician and a man of great knowledge of children (19th Century Literature Criticism 105), but lets take a look at the most obvious fact – the time, place and audience of the original story of Alice in Wonderland. Here are the words of Lewis Carroll as he recalls that day: Full many a year has slipped away, since that “golden afternoon” that gave thee birth, but I can call it up almost as clearly as if it were yesterday – the cloudless blue above, the watery mirror below, the boat drifting idly on its way, the tinkle of the drops that fell from the oars, as they waved so sleepily to and fro, and (the one bright gleam of life in all the slumberous scene) the three eager faces, hungry for news of fairyland, and who would not he say ‘nay’ to: from whose lips ‘Tell us a story, please,’ had all the stern immutability of Fate!
Alice’s failure to understand the “native” culture, and her insistence on imposing her own norms and values ultimately culminates in a life-threatening situation.” (Binova “Underground Alice:” the politics of wonderland). Alice is the colonised in the situation with the Queen of Hearts. When she is introduced to the Queen her evil nature is revealed as she orders “Off with her head!” (Carroll 96). However, she is contrasted to Alice’s good nature while she shouts “Nonsense!” ( Carrol 96). The theme of chaos and confusion is brought forward as they play croquet all at once with noises all around and even in the court where everyone is expected to be civil. Although the Queen, as a character reinforces adulthood, subversion emerges again by Alice standing up for herself at this time. Nearing the end of her dream, she stands up against the Queen at court but it dream ends without a resolution. Maria Lassen-Seger says in ( “Subversion of Authority”: In “Alice’s Adventures of Wonderland”), “the relationship between the child and the adult is an impossible power relation in which the child is marginalised and considered powerless, thus, the adults suggest in their books what a child ought to be, what values and images it should accept.” The Queen at this point in the dream would have been the
For those that don’t know, the insanity plea, as defined by Cornell Law, is based on the fact that a person accused of a crime can acknowledge that he/she committed the crime, but argue that he/she is not responsible for it because of his or her mental illness, by pleading “not guilty by reason of insanity”. This first became a problem in 1843. Daniel M’Naughten was trialed for shooting the secretary of the Prime Minister in attempt to assassinate the Prime Minister himself. It was said that M’Naughten thought the Prime Minister was the person behind all his personal and financial problems. The jury ruled him “not guilty by reason of insanity”. The reason for the verdict was M’Naughten...
The controversial topic of insanity manifests itself commonly in Romantic writing, and has been one much disputed over time. Some say that people who seem crazy are so above our own level of thought and understanding that we can’t possibly begin to identify with them and that we can find genius in the form of ordinary lunatics who connect to God and divinity in ways “normal” people don’t comprehend. Throughout works such as “The Cask of Amontillado and “The Castaway”, the authors question insanity with ideas that show the possible outcomes when one looks deep inside themselves for a divine spark or intuition. Both of these stories address madness in different forms, and madness itself is Godly experiences gone wrong; the person who receives the divine vision is unable to handle its raw truth.
Much of my skepticism over the insanity defense is how this act of crime has been shifted from a medical condition to coming under legal governance. The word "insane" is now a legal term. A nuerological illness described by doctors and psychiatrists to a jury may explain a person's reason and behavior. It however seldom excuses it. The most widely known rule in...
Insanity, by its dictionary definition, is the derangement of the mind. (Dictionary.com) It is used in everyday context, when people say “You are insane for not doing your homework” or “ That traffic getting out of the game was insane last night!”. However the real definition, written by Columbia University Press states that “The term insanity is used chiefly in criminal law, to denote mental aberrations of defects that may relieve a person from the legal consequences of his or her acts” (Columbia University, Press). This issue is very important because many people try to get out of their true consequences of their actions, and by using this plea, sometimes they get away with it. The Insanity Plea has been used again and again in the US courts, but it should be disproved because of the true legal definition, because many people try to fake insanity, and because of how the social concept of insanity is different than the actual mental illness.
There are some critics that argue that Lewis Carroll wasn’t highly religious if religious at all. A popular topic relating to Lewis Carroll’s religious practices is whether or not he expressed any of his beliefs in his widely known story Alice in Wonderland. Hidden deep in the contexts of Alice in Wonderland, it’s clear that Alice in Wonderland is an allegory to the Christian Bible and contains multiple references to some biblical themes, characters, or events. Whether intentional or not, Lewis Carroll wrote characters, paragraph, and even chapters that mirror some of the most well-known scenes in the Bible.
Insanity is a legal, not a medical definition. This makes mental illness and insanity correlate with each other, only some mental illnesses are consider as inanity. Insanity includes not only the mental, illness but also mental deficiencies. There are major problems in exactly how to apply a medical theory to legal matters. Every crime involves a physical and mental act and the non-physical cause of behavior. The mens rea is the mental element that would be required for a crime, if it is absent it excuses the criminal from criminal responsibility...
Insanity is a spectrum of behaviors symbolized by a certain abnormal and mental behaviors. This can be manifested as violation of someone’s right to do something or in other words denial of freedom. On the other hand, feminism is the advocacy of women’s rights on the grounds either politically, socially or economically equality to men. The theme on insanity and feminism is clearly revealed and in real sense defines the story as a critical feminist in the 19th century. However, feminism right is violated in this
Through the use of insanity as a metaphor, William Shakespeare, Edgar Allen Poe, William Blake, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman, introduced us to characters and stories that illustrate the path to insanity from the creation of a weakened psychological state that renders the victim susceptible to bouts of madness, the internalization of stimuli that has permeated the human psyche resulting in the chasm between rational and irrational thought, and the consequences of the effects of the psychological stress of external stimuli demonstrated through the actions of their characters.
Lewis Carroll demonstrates paradoxes within Alice and Wonderland as Alice is tossed within an entirely different world. Yet one of the greatest paradoxes is the transformation of Alice over the course of the novel as well as the transformation of the duchess. Alice begins as an ignorant child; she has difficulties in morphing to the logic and needs of Wonder...
The Victorian Era is known for many things. Within the time frame of Queen Victoria’s reign, there were major events such as Ireland’s potato famine, the Crimean War, as well as the industrial revolution. In the literary world, however, the era sprouted many of the world’s famous Victorian-based novels that are still being read today. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is well-known by most people for its vivid use of the imagination. The story itself is one that promotes creativity, open-mindedness and viewing the world in different perspectives. While Lewis Carroll’s story captivates and inspires people of all ages, what brings a young girl’s adventure to life are the illustrations behind it. The story of Alice is nothing without the visual
Although the novel is notorious for its satire and parodies, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland main theme is the transition between childhood and adulthood. Moreover, Alice’s adventures illustrate the perplexing struggle between child and adult mentalities as she explores the curious world of development know as Wonderland. From the beginning in the hallway of doors, Alice stands at an awkward disposition. The hallway contains dozens of doors that are all locked. Alice’s pre-adolescent stage parallels with her position in the hallway. Alice’s position in the hallway represents that she is at a stage stuck between being a child and a young woman. She posses a small golden key to ...
The basis of insanity is upon M’Nagten Rules (1843) which set forward the principles of a defence when the “defendant had a defect of reason” or a “disease of the mind” and was not able to understand the nature of the act they did or did not know what they were doing was wrong. These three conditions must be proved for the defence of insanity to become available. Insanity is available for the all cases that require mens rea except for strict liability cases.
The title character, Alice, is a young girl around pre-teen age. In the real world, the adult characters always look down on her because of her complete nonsense. She is considered the average everyday immature child, but when she is placed in the world of "Wonderland," the roles seem to switch. The adult characters within Wonderland are full of the nonsense and Alice is now the mature person. Thus creating the theme of growing up'. "...Alice, along with every other little girl is on an inevitable progress toward adulthood herself"(Heydt 62).