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Common definitions of terrorism
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United states department of defense definition of terrorism
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Introduction Terrorism presents significant risks and challenges to the public, government, and the men and women who respond to terrorist acts. Terrorists have the motivation and the capacity to commit an attack around the globe. Recent acts of terrorism are the attacks on the World Trade Center in 1993 and 2001, the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, and the Centennial Olympic Park bombing in 1996. The list of terrorist attacks will likely grow as terrorist become increasingly sophisticated by technology and training.
Definition of Terrorism Terrorism can be defined in different ways. The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines terrorism entirely. “The unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or
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Attacks with a large amount of causalities like the attacks on 9/11 are a rarity due to the large amount of materials and resources needed to accomplish a large-scale assault. It is important to remember that most terrorist attacks are made possible by a lack of security and defense. The attacks on the Twin Towers were lucky for two reasons. "In the first attack they were accessible because of inadequate security; they stood out rather like sitting ducks" (brief 12).
Relationship between Criminal Activity and Terrorist Acts
Terrorism and crime are related because many terrorists are often involved in illegal activity to undertake a terrorist activity. “They maintain themselves with illegal documents, committing burglary and robbery, dealing drugs, committing fraud, and so on”(Newman & Clark, 2008, p.34). Terrorist engage in criminal activity to maintain an underground lifestyle to fund everyday expenses while they search out targets and weapons for their terrorist acts. Both acts contain two common elements. The first is crime and terrorism has a systematic set of steps that need to be satisfactory to carry out the task. The second is crime and terrorism needs an opportunity to exist to provide an
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The definitions of terrorism seem to be varying depending on the time, place, and level of terrorism committed all of which have the same intended purposes.
The outcomes of terrorism result in casualties and property damage. After the initial shock of a terrorist attack, there is a post-traumatic effect of fear of future attacks remain. Terrorist use these attack to display animosity toward the intended target. Outcomes are often based on opportunity and the level of attention the attack will receive.
The relationship between crime and terrorism has striking similarities. Terrorist engage in illegal criminal activity to as a typical criminal would. The difference is terrorist are using illegal criminal activity for sinister purposes.
First responders’ role after a terrorist attack is to save lives. Plans are often put into place by agencies such as FEMA, FBI, and the US Department of Justice to have an organized response of personnel and equipment after an attack takes place. All of the state and federal resources are activated when a disaster is declared at the site of the
ABSTRACT: Terrorists were very active long before September 11. This essay reviews the 1988 downing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland and the March 1995 gas attack in the Tokyo subway. The results of these terrorist acts, who carried them out, how they were carried out, and what can be done in the future to prevent such incidents from happening again are all investigated.
Terrorism – This is a word that many people are terrified of. When a terrorist attack occurs, people’s daily routines are shattered. Things change instantaneously the moment the bomb goes of. When we think about a terrorist attack that really impacted the world, we immediately think about 9/11. On that day many people were hurt directly and indirectly. People were disorientated and scared. The moment there is change, the world panics. Unfortunately, 9/11 was not the only day where people panicked. On 1988, the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 occurred. This terrorist attack was not as massive as 9/11; but, it did leave scares especially to the Syracuse University community.
In today’s world there is a huge problem with terrorism and organized crime. Now when a lot of people look at terrorism and organized crime some would think that the two are different and yet in a way they are different but they are the same in a way to. For example terrorism is the use of violence and intimidation for the purpose of political gain (dictionary.com. n.d.). Now organized crime is considered to be the illegal behavior which is carried and planned out by a group of people. Now both of these things are considered to be a crime and are carried out by a group of people in order to achieve their goal of intimidation, money laundering, and chaos. Yet, they are different because terrorism uses violence or the threat of being violent against innocent civilians in order to accomplish their mission. Unfortunately, an organized crime group is a conspiratorial enterprise that is engaged in illicit activities in order to generate money but not to scare or harm civilians.
Anderson, James H. “International Terrorism and Crime: Trends and Linkages.” James Madison University. http://www.jmu.edu/orgs/wrni/it.htm (8 Mar. 2002).
A crime and conflict nexus is very important seeing that it increases the utility of both organizations while putting them closer to obtaining their goal. These connections between the two groups affect individual and state security in drastic ways. Louise I. Shelley, author of Dirty Entanglements: Corruption, Crime, and Terrorism analyses six major terrorist attacks over the past two decades, including nine-eleven
Over the past century, terrorism has advanced from random killings to enormous plans for terrorist groups. To understand terrorism, you must first define it. Terrorism as we all know it is hard to define and understand, and has many different definitions as it is used widely. The word "terrorism" stems from the word "terror", which means to instill fear in. People become terrorists when they take the actions towards instilling fear and terror upon people to prove a certain point or agenda.
Within the world today, there are many organizations with varying opinions about specific ideals. But some of the organizations will take things to the extreme, and will do almost anything to prove that their view is the right one. This extreme act to further an objective is known as terrorism, but what exactly is a formal definition of terrorism? Frank Schmalleger defines it as “[a] violent act or an act dangerous to human life, in violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any state, that is committed to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives” (Criminal Justice Today, 2013 p.560). The American way of life and other aspects such as policy and the criminal justice system have been impacted by terrorism in many ways over the course of the twenty first century.
The topic of my paper is types of terrorism. There are several types of terrorism for which to choose for my paper, state, dissident, religious, left-wing v. right-wing, and international. In this paper I have chosen state terrorism, religious terrorism, and international terrorism as the types of terrorism that I am going to discuss. I will discuss what they are in my own words and give examples of two different groups for each type that represent that type of terrorism. Then I will compare and contrast the three types of terrorism that I chose.
In Module one, I learned that terrorism is a result of physical harm or deadly acts of force with the intent of a political outcome by the use of terror for coercion. There are various types of terrorism such as international terrorism and domestic terrorism. International terrorism occurs outside of the United States with a purpose to influence the policy of a government by intimidation. International and Domestic terrorism both involve violent acts dangerous to human life that violate federal and state laws. Domestic terrorism occurs within the United States with the intention of coercion or intimidation by way of mass destruction, etc. Some forms of terrorism include Improvised explosive devices (IED), kidnappings, suicide bombings and
The U.S. Department of State defines terrorism as, “The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological”. Whereas the Belgium Red Cross says that terrorism is committed “for the purpose of intimidating the population, forcing a third party to act or destablishing or destroying the fundamental structures of a country or of an international organization”.
The compelling need for the international community to come up with a comprehensive definition of terrorism is so that all nations have the same understanding of what is and what is not terrorism. By having an internationally agreed upon definition by all nations, it will make it easier for the country that experiences acts of terrorism to prosecute the perpetrators of the terrorist acts. In doing this ‘people’ who are trying to achieves international notoriety by committing ‘illegal’ acts which they see as terrorist acts to gain recognition in the international community, would be less likely to commit these illegal acts. It would also not gain them the worldwide recognition they seek.
Terrorism has many forms, and many definitions. “Elements from the American definitional model define terrorism as a premeditated and unlawful act in which groups or agents of some principal engage in a threatened or actual use o...
Terrorism is one of the most extensively discussed issues of our time and at the same time it is also one of the least understood. The term itself “terrorism” means many different things to different people, cultures, and races. As a result, trying to define or classify terrorism with one universal definition is nearly impossible. The definition of terrorism used in this research is a reflection of much of the Western and American way of defining it. The definition of terrorism is,
In this world there are many different topics of controversy. With every controversial topic comes different views and arguments explaining why people believe what they do. There are problems that can be just within one country or throughout the entire world. Terrorism affects everyone in the world, specifically us as Americans, which is why it is one of the biggest controversial topics. Of course with a topic as big as terrorism, there are emic and etic perspectives involved. With past history, there are specific countries and religions that we think of when we hear the word terrorism, specifically Afghanistan, located in the Middle East and the Muslim religion in that general area. Being part of the American
Terrorism has a tremendous impact on society. It is a rational act of violence and its purpose is to change behavior in a specific society. Terrorism is a political act that is meant to achieve a goal through the act of violence. The nature of terrorism is the nonselective targeting of individuals or a group in society with a goal. The intentions of