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Ethical and moral issues on ivf
In vitro fertilization ethics
In vitro fertilization ethics
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Imagine this thought, there are two soul mates, they are happily married and they try to have kids but they cannot. Yes, these people may adopt, but the feeling may just not be the same. Well for a lot of people this is the struggle that accompanies their lives. Although people do not seem to recognize this as a major problem, according to Bradley Voorhis, an in vitro fertilization specialist, approximately “10 percent of couples have difficulty conceiving a child”. To make up for the feeling of a biological child of their own, there is a process called In Vitro Fertilization. In in vitro fertilization, or IVF, is defined as the joining of a woman’s embryo(s), and man’s sperm outside of the body. IVF has two main types of embryo transfers, elective Single Embryo Transfer (eSET), and Double Embryo Transfer (DET). ESET is defined as an embryo transfer in which more than one high-quality embryo exists but it was decided to transfer only one embryo. The other, DET, is defined as an embryo transfer were two (sometimes more) high-quality embryos are transferred, that are chosen from a larger amount of embryos. Out of the two ethical types of embryo transfers in America, eSET is the preferred one by IVF specialists and patients due to the less risk of multiple pregnancies, higher amount of successful birth rates, and less diseases are possible. In Vitro Fertilization, or more commonly known as IVF, is, as defined by Dr. Fauque, a fertility procedure in which IVF medical doctors remove eggs from the ovaries of a female, fertilize them in a laboratory, and then exchange the embryos back into the female's uterus where they implant and develop. IVF is a means to be of assistance to couples who cannot conceive their own babies and have tried... ... middle of paper ... ...he preferred procedure. ESET was shown, through a study, to have a zero percent chance of multiple birth while DET had a 21.0 percent chance. Also illnesses, and disorders are more likely to happen, Cerebral Palsy is 5 times more likely to happen with DET than eSET. Lastly, the price of eSET is significantly lower than the price of DET throughout time. If you, as the reader, cannot conceive your own child it is your duty to call your local infertility clinic, or IVF specialist and ask the employees and doctors there the questions you have to get this procedure of eSET done. Not only call your local infertility clinic, but if you can call, Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine. This clinic only uses eSET and do around 1000 transfers a year, they are rated number one in the United States. Their number is (303) 788-8300 and the website is http://www.colocrm.com.
For many years, infertile couples have had difficulty facing the reality that they can not have children. According to Nidus Information Services Incorporated, 6.2 million women in the United States are infertile. This problem leads to many options. A few options have been used for a long period of time: the couple could adopt a child or keep trying to have a child themselves. For those couples that want to have their own children, there are new options arising. In vetro fertilization is an option that gives couples the chance to have a doctor combine the male's sperm and the woman's eggs in a petri dish and implant them into the woman's womb after the artificial conception. This may result in multiple pregnancies - more than five in some cases. This does not only occur in implantation, however. Many times the patient's doctor will ask her to consider selective reduction: aborting a few fetuses to save the ones she can. In a case of multiple pregnancy, selective reduction should be considered an option.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
The technique of in vitro fertilization or IVF removes several eggs from the ovaries for fertilization in the laboratory. After a few days, one or two of these fertilized eggs which are now known as embryos are returned to the uterus in the hope that they implant and become a pregnancy. Women undergoing IVF are given special reproductive hormones to encourage several eggs to develop in the ovaries. Final maturation of the egg itself is induced by the administration of a further hormone. Thirty-six hours later, the fluid containing the eggs are drawn from the ovary with a needle; this is usually performed under light sedation in a short, outpatient procedure with the doctor using ultra-sound to check proceedings. The eggs collected from the ovary are then mixed with a sample of the male partner sperm which has been already washed and concentrated. The eggs and sperm are then left in an incubator set at thirty-seven degrees at thirty-four hours so fertilization can take place. During this time, only one of many sperm cells will penetrate ...
What is Artificial Implantation? Artificial Implantation or IUI is a technique used to help treat infertility in both men and women. In this procedure, sperm are inserted directly into a woman's cervix, fallopian tubes, or uterus. By doing this it makes it possible for pregnancy to occur where is was not able to before. Infertility in men can be caused by many factors including having few or no sperm, having too large of veins in the testicials, and other injuries or illnesses to the testicials and sperm. Infertility in women can be caused by heavy alcohol and drug use, smoking, age, environmental toxins, stress, poor diet, athletic training, being overweight, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and many health issues (Women’s). As a result of these factors both men and women in 1981 artificial implantation and other fertility techniques resulted in over 200,000 babies being born that year and the numbers have rapidly grown over the years (Infertility). The technique of Artificial Implantation is discussed according to the diverse moral values of others; furthermore, throughout Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein, moral values are also questioned over creating a human from something other than sexual reproduction.
“IVF Patient Numbers and Success Rates Continue to Rise." Human Fertlisation & Embryology Authority. Dec. 2007. .
The procedure above can bring either joy or disappointment. A successful patient from the Atlanta Reproductive Healthcare Center states: “For all of us, hearing that we are pregnant will be the most wonderful news. But remember, as easily as they told you that you are pregnant, it can be just as easy for them to tell you that you have lost your child.'; Of the 10,000 people treated each year in Australia, there is a 92% failure rate. More often than not, something goes wrong and couples are left with a hefty medical bill, no pregnancy and compounded emotional stress. Every stage of IVF contains and element of risk, from the administration of drugs to the actual birth of the child.
So far there are two different in-vitro fertilization procedures discovered by doctors. The most recent is one that does not require any kind of surgery. When undergoing this, the woman is put under a local anesthesia and an ultra sound machine is used to locate the eggs. After all of this the eggs are retrieved by placing a needle through the vagina wall. (IVF.com, 2005) The man is then asked to give a sperm donation after withdrawing from sex for a few days. The eggs are then fertilized in a laboratory dish and later injected into the uterus to progress naturally. There is a surgical procedure for in-vitro fertilization. However most doctors will avoid this at all cost in order to deplete recovery time. With the newer form of in-vitro fertilization the recovery time is about an hour after the eggs are retrieved and about the same after they are inserted into the uterus. Doctors at Monash University in Australia are also working on a new procedure to reduce the rate of multiple births that take place with in-vitro fertilization.
As of 1995, 20,000 babies had been born as a result of ART treatments.2 Since then, many women and couples have sought the services of IVF clinics all over the world with hopes of the miracle of conception. These people are usually ones who suffer from some sort of condition that renders them inferti...
Storck, Susan, MD. "In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." U.S National Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 26 Feb. 2012. Web.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a procedure that offers hope to couples who otherwise are unable to conceive. This process is important to infertile couples because it gives them another chance of conceiving a child. In order for normal pregnancy to occur, an egg is released from an ovary and unites with a sperm in a fallopian tube. However, during the process of IVF, this union occurs in a laboratory after both eggs and sperm have been collected. The fertilized egg is then transferred into the uterus to continue growth. Tens of thousands of healthy children born into this world are the results of IVF. Nevertheless, it is important for anyone considering IVF to fully understand the process as well as its limitations.
The process begins with hormone therapy and then freezing the eggs, because this assures that the women will become pregnant (London's Women Clinic). The next steps involves the single embryo transfer, then taking the frozen remands and transferring them into the women (London's Women Clinic). There are many check ups between the nine months as mentioned before .These checkups are required so the doctors and check on the baby and it’s progress. Also to see the health of the mother and baby. Lastly to check if there is a miscarriage that has already happened or is expected (London's Women Clinic). There are also many monthly hormone supplies (IVF- About In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)). Lastly there are the boosting of egg supply, checking on progress, and collecting the eggs (IVF- About In Vitro Fertilization
An important scientific argument for IVF is that, by studying fertilization and early embryonic development outside the womb, scientists might learn more about how to prevent certain birth defects (1). This proves that IVF could actually make improvements in medical advances, especially in regards to prenatal care. This is just one example of how IVF can actually be beneficial to the community. The only times that babies are malformed or sick are when the mother puts more than one baby in her uterus. Multiple fetuses increase the chance of birth defects because they have a greater chance of preterm birth, which is associated with long-term health. The long-term illnesses are cerebral palsy, mental illness, and blindness (Reddy 1). With this in mind, having single births is very safe and those babies are still healthy today, just like Sarah and Maggie Marshall’s baby. Single births are also very highly recommended by medical personnel. Going back to the first test tube baby the Browns were expecting, and Steptoe (the doctor) thought that this baby would be a failure. When they did a cesarean on July 25, 1978, a beautiful baby girl was born at 5 pounds and 12 ounces. After the baby was born, the doctor recalled that
Can anybody or anything claim to be a god—the supreme entity that governs all moral authority? Since Gregor Mendel first tinkered with plants for genes to the time of great evolutionists like that of Lamarck and Darwin who proposed their individual theories of evolution; there has been much more technological advancement, debate, controversy, and understanding on the “origin” of humans through scientific fields like that of genetics, genetic engineering, etc. There has always been an assumption and belief of a higher power governing the physical world that scientists and metaphysicists cannot answer; however, there has been great insight into how did we come to be? Any practicing religion will tell you, God or gods are the answer to every question. Both sides are quick to defend either their science or their religion from the fundamentalist to the naturalist. In more recent news, in vitro fertilization (the fertilization of an egg cell outside the body) has begun to see an increase in viability as questions about its ethics and morality have become more accepting due to the costs of a procedure being cut down (not covered by the Affordable Care Act), developments in medical and scientific technology through IVF, and subsidiary factors: the advent of “designer babies” and the increasing tolerance of homosexuality—leading to couples to seek out IVF.
The topic of infertility and the treatments of infertility are in on the rise, however, there is still a stigma against these treatments and non-traditional pregnancies. A few of these being artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and surrogate parenting. Artificial insemination is when the sperm is inseminated in the women without vaginal intercourse. This process is used by both heterosexual and homosexual couples. In vitro fertilization also known as the test tube baby, when conception takes place in a petri dish and is then placed in the women. Finally, surrogate parenting is when the women cannot carry the fetus to term and the couple opts to plant the zygote into a surrogate mother. Surgery can also