What is systematic observation? A systematic observation is described as a calculated document of an observation used to either support or challenge a hypothesis. For an observation to be efficient, it must be free of unfairness and repeatable. Systematic direct observation refers to the examination of performance other than behavior that has been clearly stimulated by a prearranged and consistent set of motivations. Physical activity is a behavior that is significant to people of all ages, genders, and ethnicity. Systematic observation recognizes the physical as well as the public environments in which the physical activity takes place. According to Mc Kenzie & Van Der Mars (2013), physical activity takes on numerous different forms of There are three key components when determining systematic observations (a) establish that the behavior is significantly important to be observed (b) determine how the information will be gathered, organized, and examined (questions such as who, where and for what length of time, under what circumstances, and on how many occasions should be determined) and (c) clarify under what conditions which behavior will be assessed whether natural, obtrusive or unobtrusive, and mechanical. The various data collection of instruments used is (a) documenting procedures & practices (b) experimental testing (c) dependability and validity (d) protocol. It is extremely important that staff is trained to be effective observers. The advantages of systematic observation is (a) it is natural (b) the cause of a particular behavior can be seen (c) a specific type of behavior can be seen in person whereas it would not be seen within a lab. The disadvantages of systematic observation are (a) spectators can alter information (b) people are aware that they are being observed and (c) external variables that might impact behavior cannot be
This essay examines the advantages and disadvantages of using a method primarily for gathering research on human subjects that can be examined for later use. It will give a basic outline of the methods of investigation, their uses and their suitability. I will also look at the scientific method as a whole and examine the criticisms of this method using the writings of Hume and Popper.
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Going into details of the article, I realized that the necessary information needed to evaluate the experimental procedures were not included. However, when conducting an experiment, the independent and dependent variable are to be studied before giving a final conclusion.
Observation has always been a simple way for me to derive whether or not something actually works. But in light of our class discussion, I do not know if that is the most appropriate way to look at things. We have discussed that some behavior is internal and we do not see that on the exterior of the body. But for all intents and purposes, my observations for the effectiveness of Melatonin were external ones.
Answer The process of participant observation allows the researcher to study and gather data in various ways. For many years participant observation has been the baseline used in numerous fields of study such as anthropology and sociology. However, in more recent years there has an increase in the number of qualitative studies for information and data gathering purposes. There are several advantages to participant observation such as: •
Observations are carried out to collect information such as: how a child is progressing; how they learn; their interests; and what they are learning through their play. Along with their unique abilities, talents and needs. Observations can be holistic or focused to one area and indicate whether children are at the expected stage (Early Years Matters, 2015). They can also identify possible SEN. Afterwards, the information retrieved from observations are used to assess and plan for
Observation is a skill taught from a young age, anywhere from deconstruction in the classroom to wisdom throughout the course of life. Observation is a skill that everyone should master, as it comes with many benefits that can help you in a variety of situations. The skill of observation can help in a workplace, to ensure safety, or during social interactions. In Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Sign of Four and A Study in Scarlet, the skill of observation leads to positive outcomes.
Observation is very important in young children because that is how you get to know a child better. While observing how a child interacts with their peers, adults, and how they behave in different settings, you are getting to know the child without speaking to them.
"Observation Essay." Observation Essay: Outline, Format, Structure, Topics, Examples. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
We must start by first describing passive observation and active experimentation. Passive observation is when one observes a situation without interference, and then analyses and makes assumptions based on the information collected. However, in some fields such as Mathematics, there needs to be active observation because in topics like ‘Principles of mathematical induction’, inductive reasoning is required to come upon a conclusion which is entirely based on actively observing trends and patterns. Active experiment is a more controlled technique where one can interfere and extract results from a subject as per the requirements. A passive experiment is nothing more than an observation because it outlines extracting information without any interference with the subject.
In some sense people are more truthful in their behavior when they don’t know that they are being observed. On the other hand “People may behave differently when they know they are being watched. Sometimes people try to behave better that they normally would in order to appear more socially desirable or acceptable” (3) and this could be contributed as a downside of naturalistic observation. Only in my personal opinion my individual research was successful, but quite inadequate in providing solid and undisputable evidence, possibly my research would benefit from more observation and data
Observation allows researchers to experience a specific aspect of social life and get a firsthand look at a trend, institution or behaviour. It promotes good communication skills, improves decision making and enhances awareness.
then replicating the behavior that was observed. Observational learning is an important area inthe field of psychology because according to www.ncbi.nlm.nin.gov research in observational learning represents a critical development in the history of psychology. There are many learningtheories such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning which emphasize how direct experiences, reinforcements, and punishment lead to learning, but most learning happens indirectly by watching and imitating others. Observational learning is also referred to as shaping, modeling,
The first method to be discussed and analysed are experimental methods. There is a variety of experimental methods including; laboratory, field and natural experiments. These methods are the most scientific method due to them being highly objective and systematic. In addition, this method is regarded as the most powerful research method used in psychology because of the potential to investigate the causes of events and therefore, identifying the cause and effect relationship. When carrying out an experiment the researcher intervenes directly in the situation being investigated. The researcher manipulates an independent variable (IV) in order to investigate whether there is a change in the dependent variable (DV). Any other variables that could have an
Observation is important as the practitioner can find out what the child is interested in and what motivates them to learn alongside their progress and how they behave in certain situations, additionally at the same time it identifies if children need assistance within certain areas of learning or socially (DCSF, 2008). Furthermore the observations check that the child is safe, contented, healthy and developing normally within the classroom or early years setting, over time the observations can be given to parents as they show a record of progress which helps to settle the parent and feel more comfortable about their child’s education. Observations are not only constructive within learning about an individual child, they can be used to see how different groups of children behave in the same situation and how adults communicate and deal with children’s behaviour (Meggitt and Walker, 2004). Overall observations should always look at the positives of what children can complete within education and not look at the negatives and all observations should become a fundamental part of all practitioners work alongside reflection (Smidt, 2009).