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Surgical site infection flashcard
Surgical site infection flashcard
Surgical site infection flashcard
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Introduction
In recent years, surgical site infections are verified as one of the most errors that are common in the healthcare; however, they are also preventable. These research papers will synthesis information about surgical infections, patient experience, hospital-acquired conditions and achievement of expected treatment for specific clinical diagnoses. A surgical site infection is an infected condition in the body after surgery has occurred. Surgical site infections are caused by germs, called bacteria. Different types of bacteria from the environment may cause a delay in healing. The infection may come from surgical tools or bacteria on the skin if it is not clean correctly. Healthcare professionals use certain guidelines and procedures to stop infections or symptoms. The standard guideline for universal precautions applies to all healthcare employees; by using antibacterial soap for washing their hands to elbows, sterilizing surgical supplies, wear gloves, gowns and masks. This helps to prevent blood borne infectious diseases. “According to Bratzle,” (2006) Patients who experience postoperative complications have dramatically increased hospital length of stay, hospital costs, and mortality rates.
Hospital acquired conditions
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, has implemented the Surgical Infection Prevention Project to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with postoperative surgical site infections. More recently, the Surgical Care Improvement Project, a national quality partnership of organizations committed to improving the safety of surgical care, has been announced. (Bratzle, 2006) When Joint Control guidelines not followed ...
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...blem in the medial field. Some countries with higher knowledge and equipment have a better development of preventing surgical infections.
References
Bratzler DW, Hunt DR. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Aug 1; 43(3):322-30. Epub 2006 Jun 16.
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Retained foreign objects have been a major problem throughout operating rooms, labor and delivery, as well as any other procedural area that perform invasive procedures. Retained foreign objects include soft goods, such as sponges, needles, sharps, instruments and other small miscellaneous items used during a procedure (NoThing Left Behind, 2013). The retention of these items can lead to several complications such as a local tissue reactions, infection, obstruction of blood vessels, and even death (Mathias, 2013, p. 2) According to the OR Manager, the effects of a retained surgical item can lead to patients having a increased mortality rate by 2.14%, an increased hospital stay by 2.08 days, and increased hospital costs by $13,315 (Mathias, 2013, p.1). In response to this, NoThing Left Behind was created. NoThing Left Behind is a national surgical safety project that was created as a system wide policy to help prevent the event of a retained surgical item (RSI). This project estimates that there are 1500-2000 retained surgical items left in patients each year within the United States (NoThing Left Behind, 2013). Furthermore, evidence shows that there has been an increase in retained foreign objects left within patients that undergo invasive procedures that occur outside of the operating room and labor and delivery. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to analyze the negative impact, physically, emotionally, and financially, on patients as well as the hospital, related to retained foreign objects during an invasive procedure. The focus is on areas such as the catheterization lab, endoscopy, emergency room, and other bedside procedures where there is no accounting process in place.
Each year this panel of experts put a microscope on patient safety across the board. They decide where upmost attention needs to be paid. Sometimes items leave the list because there are been strides take to improve in that area and sometimes it continues to stay on the list because they believe the relevance and importance is growing. Healthcare is evolving b...
These infections are often associated with improper catheterization techniques. Surgical site infections occur after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These infections may involve the top of the skin, the tissue under the skin, organs, or blood vessels. Surgical site infections sometimes take days or months after surgery to develop. The infections can be caused by improper hand washing, dressing change technique, or improper surgery procedure.
Healthcare workers have the opportunity to help reduce the likelihood of patients receiving a Hospital Acquired Infection during their
Whelan, R., Conrod, P. J., Poline, J., Lourdusamy, A., Banaschewski, T., Barker, G. J, Bellgrove, M. A.,
The World Health Organization (WHO), started the Safe Surgery Saves Lives initiative to reduce the number of deaths caused by surgery. There are specific check marks to follow before surgery, immediately before surgery in the OR, after the surgery is finished, and report back to the patient and family after surgery, proven by evidence-based practices. “The Checklist is intended to give teams a simple, efficient set of priority checks for improving effective teamwork and communication and to encourage active consideration of the safety of patients in every operation performed” (“Implementation Manual Surgical Safety Checklist”, n.d). Every one of these is very important to improve patient safety, but specifically one checkmark
Healthcare workers come in contact with so many different people every day they work. This includes patients, coworkers, and the general public who come in to visit. With all of this person to person contact, comes a high rate of infection if not properly dealt with. Preventing infection is one of the most important parts of a health care worker's job and they do it all day, every day.
(2014) conducted a retrospective data review to determine whether current interventions were effective in preventing central line-associated blood stream infections (CLABSI). The study included sequential patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit at University of Louisville Hospital from 2009 to 2010. This facility is a level I trauma center consisting of 404 beds in a large metropolitan area. The current interventions studied included implementation of care bundles, use of chlorhexadine, fully sterile procedures and improved adherence to existing policies. During this study, in addition to current interventions, critical care educators were required to conduct in-services on CLABSI, attend staff meetings, and also require nursing staff to complete a checklist during central line insertion. During the completion of this checklist, the nursing staff must also require the physician to sign the document acknowledging of the assessment of adherence to standards during the procedure (Kellie et al.,
Maintenance and promotion of quality improvement initiatives are essential for the successful growth and development of the health care industry. Nurses are key to all quality improvement initiatives as they are in the frontlines and have the most contact with the healthcare consumers. Therefore, nursing professionals are good at putting in their valuable inputs for quality improvement efforts. On a daily basis nursing professionals strive to deliver safe, efficient, effective, patient-centered care in a timely manner. With the growth and development in the health care industry, there is an increased need to provide competent and high quality services. Nurses are equipped with distinctive proficiency required for delivery of patient care
Patient safety must be the first priority in the health care system, and it is widely accepta-ble that unnecessary harm to a patient must be controlled.Two million babies and mother die due to preventable medical errors annually worldwide due to pregnancy related complications and there is worldwide increase in nosocomial infections, which is almost equal to 5-10% of total admissions occurring in the hospitals. (WHO Patient Safety Research, 2009). Total 1.4 million patients are victims of hospital-acquired infection. (WHO Patient Safety Research, 2009). Unsafe infection practice leads to 1.3 million death word wide and loss of 26 millions of life while ad-verse drug events are increasing in health care and 10% of total admitted patients are facing ad-verse drug events. (WHO Patient Safety Re...
Quality improvement (QI) involves the regular and constant actions that enable measurable improvement in health care. QI results in enhanced health services, organizational efficiency, quality and safe care to patients, and desired health outcomes for individuals and patient populations (U. S. Department of Health and Human Service, 2011). A successful quality improvement program is patient-centered, a collaboration of teams, and uses data in systems. QI helps to develop a culture of excellence in nursing, identify and prioritize areas of improvement, promote communication and collaboration, collect and analyze data, and encourage continuous evaluation of systems and processes (American Academy
In health care, Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is defined as a structured organizational process for involving personnel in planning and executing a continuous flow of improvement to provide quality health care that meets or exceeds expectations. CQI is helpful in facilitating medical errors as its main focus is the organization’s system. CQI‘s main emphasis is avoiding personal blame. Its main focus is on managerial and professional processes associated with specific outcomes, that is the entire production system. The primary goals of CQI is to guide quality operations, ensure safe environment & high quality of services, meet external standards and regulations, and assist agency programs and services to meet annual goals & objectives. All stakeholders such as patients, employees, and so forth are involved in CQI.
Although the importance of aseptic technique has been continually reiterated, I have realised its substantial role in the perioperative environment. Aseptic technique refers to the practice of creating and maintaining a sterile environment used for sterile procedures (Laws, 2010a). This is incredibly important as repetitive minor breaches of the sterile environment is one of the major factors increasing the risk of surgical site infection (Harrop et al., 2012).