Sudden Cardiac Death - Engineering Solutions

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Sudden Cardiac Deaths - Engineering Solutions Abdallah El-Falou

I. INTRODUCTION

UDDEN Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is one of the greatest causes Sof death and can strike an individual at any time or place, whether or not they have a diagnosed heart condition. SCA occurs because of Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) [1], a type of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). CVD is caused by disorders of the heart and blood vessels and mainly affects people of age greater than 65 [2][3]. CVD is mainly diagnosed using the electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure and record electrical activity of the heart from the body surface. However, since ECG recording sessions are usually brief, rare symptoms are

easily and often missed [3].

II. SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE

Defibrillators have developed greatly since the 1950s, when defibrillation of the heart was performed as a major open chest surgery. In time to come, defibrillation technology was greatly improved. Manual External Defibrillators (MED) used by medical practitioners could be used in a less invasive manner, eliminating the need for open chest surgery. However, due to the nature of CVD, chances of treating CVD successfully fall greatly by the minute, and therefore a quicker, easier tool was needed to treat patients immediately, before any medical practitioner can reach the site [1].

Automated External Defibrillators (AED) were the solution to such problems. AED simplified the treatment by providing a basic portable defibrillator that can be used by untrained non-medical personnel such as policemen, security guards, flight attendants and the general public. Audible and/or visible instructions guide the operator through the process, while a microprocessor inside the defibrillator automatically analyzes the patie...

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...Cited
[1] W. L. Lim, C. C. Hang and K. B. Neo, “Discontinuous innovations framework: A review of automatic external defibrillators in the healthcare industry,” in Management of Innovation and Technology, 2008. ICMIT 2008. 4th IEEE International Conference on, 2008, pp. 356-361.

[2] E. Villalba, M. T. Arrendondo, S. Guillen and E. Hoyo-Barbolla, “A new solution for a heart failure monitoring system based on wearable and information technologies,” in Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks, 2006. BSN 2006. International Workshop on, 2006, pp. 4 pp.-153.

[3] Zhanpeng Jin, Yuwen Sun and A. C. Cheng, "Predicting cardiovascular disease from real-time electrocardiographic monitoring: An adaptive machine learning approach on a cell phone," in Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2009. EMBC 2009. Annual International Conference of the IEEE, 2009, pp. 6889-6892.

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