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Yukio Mishima's influence
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In The Sound of Waves, Yukio Mishima creates an exquisite story which has strong idealistic and mythic features. Although Mishima writes of young love and tranquility in The Sound of Waves, his later works are categorized as aggressive and containing violent sexual actions. Even Mishima himself referred to The Sound of Waves as "that great joke on the public" (qtd. in Ishiguro 385). However, one cannot compare this novel to Mishima’s other literary pieces; in order to classify it as romanticized, one must evaluate the usage of imagery, an idealized setting, mythical allusions, and characterizations which establish the romantic-driven qualities in The Sound of Waves.
It is apparent that nature plays a major role throughout The Sound of Waves, as the reader would expect from a Japanese based novel. The reader is first introduced to Shinji at the “flight of stone steps” with “peace blossoms blooming in the shrine garden, dim and wrapped in twilight” (Mishima 6). Mishima’s usage of nature helps reinforce the purity of love between Shinji and Hatsue. On their first encounter, “the sea below them [brims] with a last afterglow” (50) and “the stars [begin] to glitter” (51). Hatsue’s kiss is even compared to seaweed and the “sharp, fresh saltiness” (67) of the sea; these symbols emphasize a parallel between romance and romance.
Mishima also creates the aspect of nature relating to emotion and frequently references weather imagery to convey the thoughts and emotions of Shinji. In particular, when Shinji sees Hatsue naked at the observation tower. During their meeting, a storm is brewing and the waves are “ragging and ripping out...” (70); this mirrors the sexual tension of Shinji. According to Napier, "the language of this passage underli...
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...s, the reader can conclude that Mishima has created a novel, which contains idealized and mythic features, which emphasize the love story between Shinji and Hatsue. Mishima develops a relationship between nature and romance, creates an idealized setting and gives heroic traits to nature and Shinji. Overall, The Sound of Waves contains several unrealistic, but hopeful events, such as nature saving Hatsue from rape; therefore one can classify this novel as romanticized.
Works Cited
1. Mishima, Yukio. The Sound of Waves. Trans. Meredith Weatherby. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1956. Print.
2. Napier, Susan J. Escape from the Wasteland: Romanticism and Realism of Mishima Yukio and Oe Kenzaburo. Cambridge Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies Harvard U, 1991. Print.
3. Shabecoff, Philip. "Everyone in Japan Has Heard of Him." NY Times. N.p., 2 Aug. 1970. Web. 26 May 2014.
Mori, Taisanboku, et al. Poets Behind Barbed Wire. Eds. Jiro Nakano and Kav Nakano. Honolulu: Bamboo Ridge Press, 1983.
One way that the author develops the theme is with the use of similes. Murakami writes: “A wave like a huge snake…”(362). This quote is describing the huge wave that is about to strike the beach. The purpose of this simile is to make the wave seem alive
Fallows, James. "After Centuries of Japanese Isoation, a Fateful Meeting of East and West." {Smithsonian} July 1994: 20-33.
Gatten, Aileen. "Review: Criticism and the Genji." The Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 22.1 (1988): 84. JSTOR. Web. 26 Feb. 2011.
Riichi, Yokomitsu. Shanghai. Michigan: The Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan , 2001.
Ogawa, D. (1993) The Japanese of Los Angeles. Journal of Asian and African Studies, v19, pp.142-3.
John Hollander’s poem, “By the Sound,” emulates the description Strand and Boland set forth to classify a villanelle poem. Besides following the strict structural guidelines of the villanelle, the content of “By the Sound” also follows the villanelle standard. Strand and Boland explain, “…the form refuses to tell a story. It circles around and around, refusing to go forward in any kind of linear development” (8). When “By the Sound” is examined in regards to a story, the poem’s linear development does not get beyond the setting. …” The poem starts: “Dawn rolled up slowly what the night unwound” (Hollander 1). The reader learns the time of the poem’s story is dawn. The last line of the first stanza provides place: “That was when I was living by the sound” (3). It establishes time and place in the first stanza, but like the circular motion of a villanelle, each stanza never moves beyond morning time at the sound but only conveys a little more about “dawn.” The first stanza comments on the sound of dawn with “…gulls shrieked violently…” (2). The second stanza explains the ref...
Keiko, Matsu-Gibson. 1995. “Noma Hiroshi’s Novelistic Synthesis of Buddhism and Marxism.” Japan Quarterly v.42, Apr/June p. 212-22.
During the Tokugawa era, the Japanese view of the West was undeniably negative. Aizawa’s “New Theses” begins by describing the “alien
Suzuki, Tomi. Narrating the Self: Fictions of Japanese Modernity. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1996.
In this poem, the author tells of a lost love. In order to convey his overwhelming feelings, Heaney tries to describe his emotions through something familiar to everyone. He uses the sea as a metaphor for love, and is able to carry this metaphor throughout the poem. The metaphor is constructed of both obvious and connotative diction, which connect the sea and the emotions of love.
Over the course of Japanese history, arguably, no artist is more famous for their works than Katsushika Hokusai. During his 88 years of life, he produced over 30,000 pieces of artwork, and heavily influenced Western styles of art. His most famous piece was created around 1831, a Japanese styled piece titled, The Great Wave off Kanagawa. This piece has stood as a defining piece of artwork in the Japanese culture for over 180 years, analyzed by students and authors for the interpretations filling the paper. The relationship between Hokusai’s painting has directly affected the Western point of view of Japanese style. The English author, Herbert Read’s novel interprets the painting distinctly differently from a Japanese point, American poet,
The 1950s was a seminal point in Japanese history: the point at which the Japanese populace had to reject or accept the westernization of their country. Yukio Mishima personally rejected this new culture, instead choosing to grasp onto traditional Shinto, the native religion of Japan. The overarching cultural machinations and shifts that occurred would ultimately be reflected in Mishima’s The Sound of Waves. He efficaciously utilized the interpersonal relationships crafted in the novel as a method of better conveying his views against the westernization of Japan. The definition of these characters as cultural symbols carries weight in and of itself, and further interactions between these characters give rise to a near-allegorical level of symbolism. The end result of this is an ingratiation of Mishima’s cultural beliefs with those of the reader.
Gamble, Adam, and Takesato Watanabe. A Public Betrayed: An inside Look at Japanese Media Atrocities and Their Warnings to the West. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Pub., 2004. Print.
In every direction the sea rages and growls, tumbling its inhabitants in an ever-lasting rumble. Glory, honor, and duty are washed upon the glimmering golden shores of the Japanese empire. The sturdy land-bearers clasp hands with those thrown into the savage arms of the ocean. This junction of disparate milieus forms the basis of an interlocking relationship that ties conflicting elements and motifs to paint a coherent, lucid final picture. In The Sailor Who Fell From Grace with the Sea, Mishima incorporates the impact of contradictory settings of land and sea, combative ideologies of the Western and Eastern hemispheres, and inherent dissimilarities amongst the characters’ lifestyles in order to reinforce the discrepancy between his ideal Japan and the country he observed.