Sinus is one of the most severe and dangerous diseases, which can cause the problems in breathing with pain in face. In fact, this sinus problem is a kind of cavity within the bone or the other tissue in the body. In most of the cases, the cold problems make the sinusitis diseases. However, the sinusitis is not the occasional diseases and it can occur any time of the year, but you make see it more frequently around the cold and flu seasons. Infection of the sinus is quite difficult to bear and there is an interrogation like are sinus infections contagious. In this article, you will see about these sinus infections whether it is the contagious or not.
Basic symptoms that could lead to sinus
When you are affected by the sinus problems, you
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In this case, the fever of the body may reach 103 degrees F with facial pain.
As the same manner, most of the sinus infections are brought on to others through the virus. In that, the Rhinoviruses and the influenza viruses A and B are the main viruses to cause the cold or sinusitis problems.
• In fact, the respiratory viruses that cause the sinus problems are spread mostly by the hand to hand contact. For this reason, this viral sinus infection is known as the contagious disease.
• Of course, the tiny air droplets from coughing or nose blowing are the main carriers of the respiratory viruses. So, it can spread the disease to other persons.
• When you touch someone who is affected by this virus, then touch your nose or mouth, it may develop the virus growth in your body.
• Toddlers who are under two years of age, adults over than 65 years are having the highest risk for getting the virus.
Other causes can develop the sinusitis problems
The sinus problems are not only be caused by the viruses and bacteria, but it may be affected through some other reasons too. In that way, the allergic reactions, polyps and deviated septum may also cause the problem of
”Otitis externa may also be caused by dermatologic conditions, such as psoriasis or seborrhea, certain traumas to the ear canal or continuous use of earplugs and earphones. Anything that can obstruct the ear passage and used continuously over time, may cause otitis externa. Persons that working in environments where they constantly use earplugs or if you sleep with earplugs; this could create a problem and otitis externa is developed. Earphones are another factor that affects the ear and causes otitis externa infection. This is another object that is constantly in the ear; causing it to not get proper air.
and ears, and in the mouth and pharynx. The causative virus has been shown to be
HSV-1 is spread through saliva and direct contact, such as kissing, sharing eating utensils, sharing drinks or sharing personal items. Children often contract the virus from kissing their parents and coming in contact with other children. HSV-2 is spread through sexual intercourse. HSV must be transported through bodily fluids (saliva, pus, semen, vaginal fluid) to infect cells.3 The virus is transmitted through the mucosal linings of the body or through an open wound and has an incubation period of 2-12 days.4
Fevers would spike to over 100 degrees Fahrenheit, and in the case of Katherine Anne Porter her fever was so high that her hair turned white and fell out.5 In the final stage of the virus, the victim’s skin had begun to turn strange colors.
Influenza, or the "flu," is an infection that is caused by the influenza virus. It is a virus that generally infects the olfactory organ, pharynx, and it can sometimes spread to the lungs (2007). Symptoms of influenza can be identified as acute fever, cough, chills, fatigue, body aching and, in young children, ear aches. Unlike the viruses that cause the common cold, the influenza virus can cause severe illnesses like pneumonia, especially in those who are very young or very old, or who have conditions such as cancer, heart disease, bronchial asthma and diabetes. Influenza can be spread by something as simple as an infected individual coughing or sneezing, through little droplets that go up to a meter (3 feet) and land on any nearby individuals
been previously touched by an infected person, will transmit the disease to the healthy person who
Pathogens are a type of microorganism that spreads viral and bacterial diseases. These diseases when present in human blood and body fluids are known as blood borne pathogens, and can spread from one person to another. (Worcester polytechnic institute) The most serious types of blood borne diseases are the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), which can cause liver damage; and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), which is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). The blood borne pathogens can be spread when the blood or body fluids (semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk, and amniotic fluid) of an infected individual comes into contact with mucous membranes or an open sore or cut on the skin of another person. Mucus membranes are located in the eyes, nose, mouth, and other areas as well. ("Bloodborne pathogens: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia") Two of the most common ways that pathogens are transmitted is through the exchange of fluids during sexual intercourse or by sharing infected IV needles. (Worcester polytechnic institute)
Recent research shows that, there are three major means by which infections can be transmitted and they include direct transmission, indirect transmission and airborne transmission (Hinman,Wasserheit and Kamb,1995). Direct transmission occurs when the physical contact between an infected person and s susceptible person takes place (division of public health, 2011). An example is a health care worker who attends to an Ebola patient, without gloves, gown and mask plus forget to wash his or her hand with soap and hot water and or a person having flu without the use of mask or washes his hand after sneezing easily passes the infection to the other through hand shake or surface touch, living the bacteria there for another vulnerable person to also touch if the surface is not disinfected with bleach. Studies makes it clear that, the spreads takes effect when disease-causing microorganisms pass from the infected person to the healthy person through direct physical contact such as touching of blood, body fluids, contact with oral secretion, bites kissing, contact with body lesions and even sexual contact. However, measles and chicken pox are said to be conditions spread by direct
The HSV moves and passes through body fluids such as saliva, semen and fluid in the genital tract of females or fluid from the herpes sore present. This virus can be transmitted through the skin or mucus membranes of an uninfected individual through the genital area or the mouth. ‘Once the virus has contact with the skin or the membrane mucous, it then replicates transporting itself to the nerve cells’ (Harvey, S, 2014,). The disadvantage of the HSV-2, it has no symptoms, so an individual can be affected without knowing they have the virus.
Although the absolute number of deaths does not always differentiate a pandemic from severe non pandemic seasons, the age distribution of influenza-related deaths has noticeably illustrious pandemics from the interpandemic seasons instantly preceding them. Persons under 65 years of age accounted for half of the influenza-related deaths in the United States during the 1968–1969 influenza pandemic, but far smaller proportions during the decades following the pandemic.
Chronic bronchitis is a disorder that causes inflammation to the airway, mainly the bronchial tubules. It produces a chronic cough that lasts three consecutive months for more than two successive years (Vijayan,2013). Chronic Bronchitis is a member of the COPD family and is prominently seen in cigarette smokers. Other factors such as air pollutants, Asbestos, and working in coal mines contributes to inflammation. Once the irritant comes in contact with the mucosa of the bronchi it alters the composition causing hyperplasia of the glands and producing excessive sputum (Viayan,2013). Goblet cells also enlarge to contribute to the excessive secretion of sputum. This effects the cilia that carry out the mechanism of trapping foreign bodies to allow it to be expelled in the sputum, which are now damaged by the irritant making it impossible for the person to clear their airway. Since the mechanism of airway clearance is ineffective, the secretion builds up a thickened wall of the bronchioles causing constriction and increasing the work of breathing. The excessive build up of mucous could set up pneumonia. The alveoli are also damaged enabling the macrophages to eliminate bacteria putting the patient at risk for acquiring an infection.
The patient has high temperature, and extreme sweating as well as visible chills on body.
Asthma is a disease that currently has no cure and can only be controlled and managed through different treatment methods. If asthma is treated well it can prevent the flare up of symptoms such as coughing, diminish the dependence on quick relief medication, and help to minimize asthma attacks. One of the key factors to successful treatment of asthma is the creation of an asthma action plan with the help of a doctor that outlines medications and other tasks to help control the patient’s asthma ("How Is Asthma Treated and Controlled?"). The amount of treatment changes based on the severity of the asthma when it is first diagnosed and may be the dosage may be increased or decreased depending on how under control the patient’s asthma is. One of the main ways that asthma can be controlled is by becoming aware of the things that trigger attacks. For instance staying away from allergens such as pollen, animal fur, and air pollution can help minimize and manage the symptoms associated with asthma. Also if it is not possible to avoid the allergens that cause a patient’s asthma to flare up, they may need to see an allergist. These health professionals can help diagnosis what may need to be done in other forms of treatment such as allergy shots that can help decrease the severity of the asthma ("How Is Asthma Treated and Controlled?").
The different types of bacterium which cause Conjunctivitis are highly contagious and transmitted by face to face contact and through airborne droplets. Conjunctivitis can also be passed through facial lotions, eye-make up and other shared materials with an infected person. Touch, espeacially in children, is usually how the bacterium are transmitted!
There are 5 main pathways of environmental transmission of pathogens. Those are air-borne, food-borne, water-borne, vector-borne and blood-borne. Air-borne transmission refers to any disease that is caused by a pathogen and transmitted through the air. These pathogens can be spread by coughing, sneezing, stirring dust, liquid spraying, or generally any activity that generate aerosol particles or droplets. These pathogens can include viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Some common examples of pathogens that are spread via air-borne transmission are rhinovirus, hantavirus, adenovirus, and influenza, among many others (cdc.gov).