Introduction
For centuries, man has been producing sheet metal components using different tools and techniques. A method universally applied is the use of dies and punches, manufactured in accordance with the shape and dimensions of the component. However, despite being widespread, it contains technological hindrances, such as large energy costs and very high investment, which make this process very expensive. Because of the high cost of punches and dies, this method is only suitable for mass production, where the cost can be shared with a large number of products.
However, the recent diversification in customer demand has resulted in the downsizing of the production lots. To account this reduction, new production methods for a small size lot are being developed. One of those methods is to create an incremental formation in the sheet metal using a simple tool. The idea of incremental forming with a single tool, in the three Cartesian axes, was patented in 1967 by Leszak [LES67]. This method has become very attractive, due to the advance of manufacturing technology in the fields of Numerical Control and Automation. The tool can be a simple hammer, a laser beam, or a water jet. One technique that is receiving great attention by the scientific community and from the industry is the Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF).
Single Point Incremental Forming
Description
The Single Point Incremental Forming is an innovative process that has the capability of producing non-axisymmetric parts. It uses simple tools, usually a cylindrical metal tool with a flat or spherical tip. It also does not require the use of dies with the shape of the piece being produced. Figure 1 shows the components involved.
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...s by producing more pieces. Manufacturing factories charge less money per hour if they are producing more pieces.
3D printing is primarily for rapid part prototyping and small-run production in a variety of industries. In the meantime, the term additive manufacturing has come to represent the use of 3D printing to create metallic components and final parts, differentiating from conventional subtractive manufacturing processes. 3D printing uses computer-generated designs to create build paths that reproduce a digital model through consolidation of materials with an energy source. The process typically uses a laser, a binder or an electron beam that solidifies material as it is directed along scanned over a pre-placed layer or the build path of material. This method has been used successfully with metals, polymers and ceramics. Metals are still in their infancy in terms of finished part production. Metallic parts produced with 3D printing frequently require additio...
However, metals can be quite hard to cut or shape into a desirable piece, requiring application of extreme forces. Depending on the project,
Die-forming of sheet metal has been around for thousands of years. Originally the metal was manipulated by hand and hammered into the depression, by utilizing crude grooves carved into wood or stone. This technique was used to make spouts, handles, and other forms. Since then, however; they have undergone a remarkable technological evolution. Mate-female conforming dies to create hollow forms by using hydraulic pressure or drop hammer pressure, changed die-forming forever (Paisin, 2013).
-Developed and implemented strip casting overseas to eliminate a step in the steel making process
The welding method was basically just a localized fusion that is growing on together to gain structure of the mechanical being welded. Welding
1000 series: this type of aluminium is used for construction and contains less than one percent additives. It is used to make sheet metal and foil and is not heat treatable but can be strengthened through work hardening. A process of beating, stretching and bending to inc...
Advanced CNC fabrication tools and 3D printing machines have made notable improvements in the construction industry. The benefits of this new approach have been developed over many years to increase...
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In this paper we will explore on the brief manufacturing process of steel containers and some vital issues relating to the production process.
Materials engineering and computer engineering are two of the modern examples of industrial engineering. Industrial engineers have the challenge of incorporating today’s leading technological advances with the production of them in manufacturing facilities. Their purpose is to maximize output, while minimizing the costs for materials and production. This is why industrial engineers must have knowledge of product development, materials processing, optimization, queuing theory, production techniques, and engineering economy. Industrial engineers must have adequate skills in computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing.
The first industrial robot, built in 1961, was a mechanical arm used to load presses. After the development of the computer and the CNC (Computer Numerical Control) in the 1970?s, the world saw great advances in the development of robotic control and the quality of robot manufacturing. As a result, there has been acceptance of the industrial robot world wide, improving the productivity and quality standards of industry (Hodges 3-5).
Manufacturing is the process of convert raw materials and components to finished goods to satisfy customers’ needs or what they expect.