Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Disease is an illness that affects people all across the globe. This paper will give a description of the sickness through the discussion of the causes, symptoms, and possible cures. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a "group of inherited red blood cell disorders."(1) These disorders can have various afflictions, such as pain, damage and a low blood count--Sickle Cell Anemia.
The overall incidence of SCD is eight out of 100,000 people. However, it is much more widespread in some people. "One out of 600 African Americans and one out of 1,000 to 1, 400 Hispanic Americans" are affected. (2). However, there are other populations who are especially affected, as well. These include, but are not limited to "Arabs, Greeks, Italians, and people from India."(1) As it is plain to see, the disease can affect many different types of people.
Now that we know whom this illness should concern, we must discuss what exactly the disease is. "The genetic defect that causes sickle cell anemia affects hemoglobin." (3). Hemoglobin is a constituent of red blood cells. Its job is to take oxygen to all the cells and tissues in the body. "Red blood cells that contain normal hemoglobin are soft and round. Their soft texture enables them to squeeze through the body's small blood vessels."(3) People with SCD, however, have a type of irregular hemoglobin. "A genetic error makes the hemoglobin molecules stick together in a long, rigid rods after they release oxygen. These rods cause the red blood cells to become hard and sickle-shaped, unable to squeeze through tiny blood vessels. The misshapen cells can get stuck in the small blood vessels, causing a blockage that deprives the body's cells and tissues of b...
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...ealthy and fulfilling lives. Treatments such the ones mentioned make this a possibility. Also, people affected by the disease can help themselves by living a healthy life which includes eating a proper diet, getting adequate exercise, and reducing stress. As people who are not afflicted by the disease we can do something to help. We can donate blood and bone marrow in hopes of being a match to a suffering patient. This disease does not only affect the African American community, as is popular known, it affects us all.
Internet Sources:
1)Sickle Cell Anemia
http://www.pediatrics.emory.edu/SICKLE/sicklept.htm
2) Sickle Cell Anemia
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000527.htm
3)New Hope for People with Sickle Cell Anemia ,
http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/496_sick.html
4)Sickle Cell Anemia,
http://www.mamashealth.com/Sickle_Cell.asp
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Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders that affects the blood, specifically, a molecule called hemoglobin in red blood cells (“sickle cell disease”, 2016). Hemoglobin is a molecule that facilitates the delivery of oxygen throughout the body (“sickle cell disease”, 2016). A mutant form of the hemoglobin molecule causes red blood cells to become crescent shaped or “sickled shaped” (Lonergan et. al. 2001). This distorted shape of red blood cells causes rigidity of the blood cells and vaso-occulusion (or the blood vessels to become clogged) (Rees et.al., 2010). This often leads to a low number of red blood cells (anemia), repeated infections and episodes of pain that are periodic (“Sickle cell disease”, 2016). Although sickle cell disease
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“In the United States, it's estimated that sickle cell anemia affects 70,000–100,000 people, mainly African Americans” (NHLBI, NIH, Who is at risk for sickle cell anemia). SCD is a disease that is a serious disorder in which the body can make normal blood cells and sickle shape cells. Sickle shape cells can block the blood flow in your vessels and cause pain or organ damage also put you in risk for infections. SCD has no cure available but there are many treatments out there to deal with the complications of it. From over years treatments did get better from way back in the day doctors have learned. Sickle cell disease has lack of attention and funding because it’s only affecting African American the most.
Sickle cell disease is an inherited disease where the red blood cells in the body are produced abnormally by bone marrow as crescent shaped red blood cells. Unlike normal red blood cells, sickle shaped cells are unable to deliver much oxygen to other parts of the body due to the abnormal hemoglobin. Sickle cell’s are stiff and sticky and tend to clump together between blood vessels that can cause pain, damage to the organs, and infections. If a child inherits this disease they can be healthy throughout their life or need special care. “In the United States, SCD is most common among blacks and Hispanics. SCD affects about 1 in 500 black births and about 1 in 36,000 Hispanic births in this country. SCD is also common among people with family from Africa, the Caribbean, Greece, India, Italy, Malta, Sardinia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey or South or Central America (March of Dimes)”.
“No, don’t you see she’s trying to be a good mom for once” Aspen said trying to convince him.
Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that affects hemoglobin (pronounced: hee-muh-glow-bin), a protein found in red blood cells that helps carry oxygen throughout the body.
Tatar, Maria. “Daughters of Eve: Fairy Tale Heroines and Their Seven Sins” Off With Their Heads: Fairy Tales and the Culture of Childhood. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. 94-119. Print.
Sickle Cell Disease is a condition where there is not enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. Another name for sickle cell disease is sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia is inherited as a simple recessive condition. In normal red blood cells, the cells are usually flexible and round. However, in sickle cell disease the red cells become rigid and sticky. They are shaped like sickles or crescent moons. Because these cells are irregular, they can get stuck in small blood vessels. The small blood vessels slow or block blood flow. Without enough red blood cells in circulation a person's body cannot get the adequate amounts of oxygen needed to feel energized.
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Sickle cell anemia is a devastating illness that affects people of all ages. Although the the life expectancy of people with sickle cell anemia is shorter than most, most people are now able to survive into their 40's. The most common causes for death are bacterial infections, organ failure or stroke (Lerma). All of the symptoms have methods in which they can be managed, but there is no cure to this disease. The best way to avoid sickle cell disease to prevent the disease. Using genetic counseling the chances of having sickle cell disease can be reduced.
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