Introduction
This paper aims to discuss the semantic choices that a writer makes in the construction of meaning to make sense of the text at morphology level, lexical level, sentence level as well as discourse level. Meanwhile, it would demonstrate how to share information between readers and writer at discourse level in the act of communication which implicated the teaching method in English classes. To fulfill this purpose, this paper is consisted in the following sections: morphology level analysis, lexical level analysis, semantic level analysis, discourse level analysis, implications for teaching and conclusion.
Morphology level analysis: Word formation
English lexicon is expanding and enlarging in its way through derivation, inflection and compound. Writers could shape the communication via them. Morphology is the study of word, and words carry meanings.
Inflectional morphology or inflection deals with variation that words display on the foundation of their grammatical context. English has only eight kinds of inflectional affixes, including the plural –s and –es, the –s, -ing, -ed and –en added to verbs to show tense, and the –er, -est added to adjectives and adverbs to show comparisons (Freeman, 2004). It carries information within grammars. In the passage, “we had only expected a few dozen people to turn up” told the reader about the time and writer’s attitude through the verb “expected” with its inflection “-ed”.
Word functions differently. While some carried mainly grammatical meaning, others bear a greater informational load. According to Freeman (2004), Derivational affixes change meaning and product new word. They could be suffixes or prefixes. However, generally speaking, certain affixed exhibit specific meaning. ...
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Reference
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Existentialists believe that “to live is to suffer; to survive is to find meaning in the suffering”. Despite all the horrific experiences in the concentration, Viktor Frankl is determined to not lose the significance of his life and succumb to the cruelty of his situation. With the use of three literary techniques- argumentation, rhetoric, and style- Frankl gives his proposition warrant that a man will not find meaning in his life by searching for it; he must give his life significance by answering questions life asks him.
A: New words do get added to languages. So when the English language came to North America, words like kayak, which is an Inuit word, were added. Languages grow more than they shrink. Also, we have many words that are called “learned borrowings” – more from Greek than Latin. Word like hysterectomy, which comes from Greek. Womb= hyster
Word order also changes, though this process is much slower. Old English word order was much more 'free' than that of Modern English.
This criterion is how English words are structured, what inflectional suffixes a word can take, for example -ed in uploaded and -er in faster, what derivation suffixes a word can take, for example -en in spoken and -er in singer, and what derivational prefixes a
Text linguistics is a “discipline which analyses the linguistic regularities and constitutive features of texts” (Bussmann, 1996: 1190). According to this definition, text linguistics is mainly concerned with studying the features that every piece of writing should have in order to be considered as a text. It is also defined by Noth (1977 in Al-Massri, 2013:33) as “the branch of linguistics in which the methods of linguistic analysis are extended to the level of text.” This means that text linguistics aims at producing rules and methods that can be used to analyze the whole text. This approach has been put forward by the two scholars Robert-Alain de Beaugrande and Wolfgang U. Dressler in their seminal book “Introduction to Text Linguistics”, in 1981. The study of texts in linguistic studies starts in
All languages tend to go through phases of intense generative activity, during which many new words are added to the language. One peak for the English language was the sixteenth to eighteenth century referred to as the Golden Age of English Literature. “ It is clear that one man single -handedly changed to English Language to a significant extent in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth ( “History of English”). “By some counts, most one in ten words used by term Shakespeare, were his own necessarily personally invented by Shakespeare himself. But he was more than happy to make use of others neologisms and local dialect words, and to mine the latest fashion and fads for new ideas” (“History of English”).
This paper will explain the process we, as humans usually follow to understand a certain text or utterance. This explanation would be achieved through the analysis of two journal articles from semantics and pragmatics perspective, taking into account a range of techniques associated with each of the two concepts including:
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Affixation is a prefix is added before and after the root and steam to produce new words. Affix used to form different words by adding words such as insert prefix, suffix, and inflix forming new meaning. Prefix when used in verbs can be meaningfuly negative and positive. Inflix can be inserted in the middest of formiong a new meaning of the word. Suffix is the word inserts that are added at the and of the word. The affixes are words at the front, mid or rear which affects the meaning and form of the word we can find also in the local language of any kind. Especially in the local language Tulungagung is generated from daily conversation of from another language which ingredients to form new language. The new language as language to typical of
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Language is a means of human communication whether verbally or nonverbally. In everyday life we use language to express our thoughts, feelings ,attitudes,etc.A great amount of social interactions takes place every day over the telephone ,by online chats, face –to face interaction or at workplaces .We use language of different forms for different functions as in to inform, question , and sometimes to strengthen social relationships or just to keep the social wheels turning smoothly. Moreover, understanding one's own language and even other cultures’ language is important to arrive at a successful and effective communication with others . The study of language can be undertaken in various ways .Semantics and pragmatics are two branches of linguistics which are concerned with the study of meaning.
In order to describe the form of the linguistic expressions (phrases, sentences, texts) in a language, we must describe how those complex expressions are built from smaller parts, until ultimately we which the atoms of linguistic form. The term morpheme is used to refer to an atom of linguistic form.