This paper investigates self-efficacy and gender as predictors of an individuals’ ability to maintain their perceived happiness level after a sad event. A total of XXX individuals participated in the study, XX males and XX females, including. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale, created by (Luszczynska, Scholz, & Schwarzer, 2005). Happiness was measured using the Oxford Happiness questionnaire (Argyle, & Hills, 2002). Self-efficacy was correlated with the Oxford Happiness questionnaire after a sad event (r =, p < .). Gender was found to be significantly different from perceived happiness level after a sad event (F(,) = ., p = .). The linear regression results indicated that there is a main effect of self-efficacy …show more content…
This suggests that self-efficacy is a factor in maintaining ones’ perceived happiness. Moderation. The results suggests. Regulation strategy.
Literature Review
Happiness is an emotional feeling that most individuals are looking to grasp onto and maintain even though unhappy or even depressive events may happen. While pursuing happiness may cause individuals in some cultures to experience higher levels of well-being. Recent research suggest the more motived an individual is in the pursuit of happiness the more likely they are to experience negative outcomes such as depressive symptoms and loneliness (Ford et. al., pg. 1054). According to Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1997), forethought is a major regulator for motivation and actions of all humans, with the largest influence on behavior being self-efficacy, which is an individual’s belief they have the ability to perform specific actions that are required to attain their desired outcome. Self-efficacy has been defined by Albert Bandura (1997), as an individual’s belief in their ability to behave appropriately in order to attain a specific goal. Therefore, the ability to control one’s own motivations, behaviors, and social environment is a reflection of
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The survey touched on the topics of self-efficacy and happiness, and attempted to answer the question: can a self-efficacy regulate a person’s happiness in certain situations? In regards to self-efficacy and happiness, it is hypothesize that those who possess a higher level of self-efficacy will report a higher level of happiness, before and after a sad story/event. It is also believe that gender and hours worked will have a moderating effect on the individuals happiness, in that women will report lower levels of self-efficacy and happiness, while men will report higher level of self-efficacy and happiness. Additionally, it is believed that the number of hours worked will cause the participants perceived happiness to be more susceptible to a sad
Ryan, Richard M., and Edward L. Deci. "On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of
People push being happy on society as a total must in life; sadness is not an option. However, the research that has conducted to the study of happiness speaks otherwise. In this essay Sharon Begley's article "Happiness: Enough Already" critiques and analyzes societies need to be happy and the motivational affects it has on life. Begley believes that individuals do not always have to be happy, and being sad is okay and even good for us. She brings in the research of other professionals to build her claim that extreme constant happiness is not good for people. I strongly agree that we need to experience sadness to build motivation in life and character all around.
When considering happiness as a subjective field, one must not only consider the individuals current life stage and goals, but also his or her affect or temperament. Temperament, defined as one’s mental constitution or frame of mind (Webster’s New Basic Dictionary, 1997), will impact how one views any given situation. In a study done by Holder and Klassen (2010), 311 c...
Happiness is an inclination that everyone aims to fulfill yet only a few appear to be exposed to it. There is a constant developing issue within our reality which is despondency. It appears that people tend to experience depression and desolation rather than contentment in relation to their lifestyles. This derives from seeking happiness in the wrong things or formulating a sense of dissatisfaction by comparing one’s lifestyle to another. Happiness does not derive from an experience of joy and pleasure. In fact, two essentials in discovering genuine happiness are self-acceptance and solidarity. Throughout the Happy Movie directed by Roko Belic, there were various examples regarding the happiness and unhappiness of people in our society. The
In the book, The How of Happiness, author and researcher Sonja Lyubomirsky sets her book apart from other self-awareness books by being the first to utilize empirical studies. She uses data gained through scientific method to provide support for her hypothesis. This hypothesis consists mainly of the idea that we have the ability to overcome genetic predisposition and circumstantial barriers to happiness by how we think and what we do. She emphasizes that being happier benefits ourselves, our family and our community. “The How of Happiness is science, and the happiness-increasing strategies that [she] and other social psychologists have developed are its key supporting players” (3).
Prager, D. (1997). Happiness is a serious problem: A human nature repair manual. NY: HarperCollins Publishers
It is a common thought that happiness is key to a successful life, and many try to find out how to achieve the
“The Art of Happiness: A Handbook for Living” is a collaboration by His Holiness the Dalai Lama XIV and Howard C. Cutler, M.D., who identify many possible components that could lead to a happy and satisfying life. Their approach combines and integrates the thoughts of East and West; Buddhist principles and practices on one hand and Western science and psychology on the other. Many everyday difficulties are highlighted in this book, and Dalai Lama and Dr. Cutler attempts to help the readers find appropriate solutions in order to find a balanced and lasting happiness. Dalai Lama’s understanding of the factors that ultimately lead to happiness is based on a lifetime of methodically observing his own mind, exploring the nature of the human condition, and investigating these things within a framework first established by The
An individual 's happiness is vital to their overall wellbeing and is affected by numerous factors, all to varying extents.
In addition to anyone being happy, genuine happiness is vulnerable. “If happiness is similarly available to people of any age, sex, or race, and to those of most income levels, who is happiest?” (Myers and Diener 14), the capacity of peoples’ joy is undiminished. Self-esteem, personal control, optimism, and extraversion are four inner traits that classify happy people. People who are happy admire themselves and feel personal control, empowered rather than helpless about their lifestyle. They are also optimistic and tend to be more healthy, successful, and happier than pessimistic people. Also, people that are happy are extraverted and they are happy when they are surrounded by a lot of people and even when they are alone. They are not happy because of their status of wealth.
Happiness is how something is viewed as opposed to a physical thing. However, happiness is not only a perspective but also a choice. Success and happiness are frequently linked to contentment but happiness should not be dependent on success. In spite of not succeeding in my chosen sport of horse riding the enjoyment it provided for me far outweighed any d...
Subjective well-being is a broad term that encapsulates how a person appraises his or her life and emotional experiences. It has different aspects which includes life satisfaction, positive and negative affect (Diener et al., 2016). Positive affect refers to pleasant feelings such as joy, ecstasy, pride. While negative affect is defined as emotions that are troublesome or that can cause disturbance like anger and guilt. Life satisfaction is the cognitive domain of subjective well-being as it refers to the judgments made by the person about his life as a whole (Suldo and Huebner, 2005). For example, a person evaluates his subjective well-being by looking at his health satisfaction, job satisfaction, and other facets of his life including feelings regarding his life experiences (Diener et al., 2016). People with high subjective well-being are
Emotional health plays a hand in many parts of people’s lives. When you maintain good emotional health it can play an important role in your school, work, relationships and physical health. Researchers used to believe that our happiness came from being successful. To the contrary, research has since shown it is just the opposite. A person with a positive outlook is more likely to set goals and work towards them. People tend to attract people with a like-mined outlook and attitude, therefore a happy person is likely to be surrounded by other happy people. This creates a positive circle of support and healthy relationships. These are key building blocks of success. People with good emotional health have positive coping skills to deal
Success and happiness are typically seen as two ideas that are dependent on each other. People often believe that in order to be happy one must have a successful life. When reading about success, most of the time people stumble upon happiness bringing success. People have this typical idea of success being money, power, and a luxurious lifestyle with a promising future and a pinch of happiness. However, there will never be a universal explanation as to what success and happiness are because it’s different for every person. In order for someone to feel successful, one must learn how both happiness and success work together. People need to get over the idea of succeeding and achieving goals in order to be content and focus more on being happy with themselves.
Everyday choices and habits affect the wellbeing of humans. Recent research documents the unique habits of the people who are happiest in life. According to the data of scientist and professor of psychology at George Mason University, Todd Kashdan, “activities that lead us to feel uncertainty, discomfort, and even a dash of guilt are associated with some of the most memorable and enjoyable experiences of people’s lives” (Kashdan). Therefore, happy people “engage in a wide range of counterintuitive habits that seem, well, downright unhappy” (Kashdan). Essentially happy people take more risks. They have the knowledge that by taking these risks, they can learn how to manage uncomfortable feelings in life. Many people are averse to risk and things that make them uncertain. However, by taking risks and trying new things one experiences personal growth and feel positive emotions which can lead to a more positive mindset. Examples of these actions improving overall/genuine happiness can be anything from trying an odd, new food to leaving the country for volunteer work. While someone might feel nervous at first, many of these risks will end up working out well in the end. You never know what may come out of a new experience and this is a primary reason why taking risks can lead to positive emotions. Through risk taking, genuine happiness will increase as lasting memories are created and a shift occurs toward a more positive, open mindset for the