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Introduction of the conflict in south sudan
The origin of conflict in Sudan
War and its impact on society
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War is calamitous, war is corrosive, and war has eradicated the strongest of states. Empires have been defeated by war, ancient civilizations have been destroyed and dissipated, yet, war has remained a weapon of political propaganda for centuries. War has “[...] kill[ed] people, destroy[ed] resources, retard[ed] economic development, ruin[ed] environments, spread disease[s], expand[ed] governments, militarize[d] societies, reshape[d] cultures, disrupt[ed] families, and traumatize[d] people.” (Levy & Thompson, 2010, p. 1) It is the most destructive form of human behavior, a social demeanor that undermines the sovereignty and security of a state, a conduct that can change the global hegemony instantaneously, but likewise, a bearing that is imperative to humanity and the political realm.
Prospective outlooks of a country can be altered by war, a proposal that will be demonstrated in this analysis, as war can ostensibly transform a nation, and change a continent. A substantiated concept evidenced by the Second Sudanese Civil War, as the prior is essentially responsible for the recent succession of South Sudan, dissociating two ethnical groups, forcibly put together by former colonialist ties. It was a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended their two decade long war, and put forth a framework that would ultimately revise the economical, and social, design of Sudan, and subsequently most of Africa. Fundamentally, the CPA would not bring an end to the animosity between the North and the South, as border tensions, and fair oil distribution, have continued to disjoint the neighboring nations to this day.
This analysis will put forth a historical, and descriptive, dialogue of the hostilities, in an attempt to illustrate the causal...
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Natsios, A. S. (2012). Sudan, South Sudan, and Darfur: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Postel, S. (1992). The Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity. London: Earthscan.
SSRC & SSRB/SS. (2010). Southern Sudan Referendum 2011. Results for the Referendum of Southern Sudan. Retrieved November 8, 2013, from http://southernsudan2011.com/index.html USIP Library. (2005, March 15). Peace Agreements: Sudan. United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved November 11, 2013, from http://www.usip.org/publications/peace-agreements-sudan World Bank. (2009). South Sudan - World Development Indicators. World Bank. Retrieved November 10, 2013, from http://data.worldbank.org/country/south-sudan#cp_wdi
World Bank. (2013, April). South Sudan Overview. World Bank. Retrieved November 10, 2013, from http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/southsudan/overview
War is the means to many ends. The ends of ruthless dictators, of land disputes, and lives – each play its part in the reasoning for war. War is controllable. It can be avoided; however, once it begins, the bat...
Reeves, Eric, Massimo Calabresi, Sam Dealey, and Stephan Faris. “The Tragedy of Sudan.” Time. Time Inc, 4 Oct. 2004. Web and Print. 15 April 2014. .
Throughout Northern and Central Africa ethnic fighting and mass genocide has run rampant. Clashes between, diverse ethnic and cultural people has caused instability, these mass humanitarian disasters that can no longer be ignored. With the help of other nations South Sudan can go from another mass genocide waiting to happen, to a region supplier of much needed resources, with the help of other nations. In the 1990’s Rwanda genocide was basically ignored by the United States government and because of this hundreds of thousands were either killed or injured in the area. In the early 2000’s the war in Darfur, created a campaign of ethnic cleansing against Darfur's non-Arabs. Again thousands of Africans were killed and the United States government and the American people ignored genocide.
The Sudan genocide, a civil war that was started in the early 1980s when drought, famine and the spread of un-arable land caused traditional African herders and Darfur citizens to argue over land. For the next 22 years relationships worsened between the Arab and non-Arab tribes. The Western region of Sudan: Darfur was thrown into civil war by its own government and two rbel armies in an uprising that should have been seen coming for a long time. This essay will elaberate on the events that occurred in Sudan over the past twenty two years and to what extent the mass killings that occurred can be defined as Genocide. The insurgeny began in Febuary 2003; goning virtually uunnoticed by the international community and shadowed by the ongoing war in Irac. The Sudan governent has been blamed for virtually every event during the past 22 years of civil unrest that has led up to the mass killing of hundreds and thousands of civilians. The many different ethinic groups in Sudan were constantly arguing and fighting over any and all issues and problems that could be brought upon to their attention; this led to growing tension. The mass killings in Sudan could be classified as ethnic cleansing; a term used to describe the killing of an ethnic group of people because their role in that society is unjustified or they are invading on terriotory that they are not welcome on.
Collier, Paul. “The Market for Civil War.” Foreign Policy May-June 2003: 1-7. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 15 Feb. 2011.
The word “War” sends shivers through many people because of the effect war has on individual groups or people, minorities, soldiers and the society.
“Context: Why the Conflict? Why in Sudan?” World Savvy Monitor. http://worldsavvy.org/monitor/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49&Itemid=71. (accessed November 4, 2011).
Whether through calculated effort or callous neglect, the world can easily ignore what it fails to see. Today’s media proves that reality now more than ever. The industry panders to a world preoccupied with the Middle East while overlooking East Africa’s looming catastrophe. In South Sudan, political turmoil has ravaged the land and sentenced thousands to die by starvation. But the world that once aided its youngest country’s independence now sits distracted as its work unravels. The attention must be refocused back to South Sudan before the crisis becomes a tragedy; the Bureau for Food Security and the African Union (AU) can do so by ensuring political stability and establishing economic prosperity.
Tadesse, Debay. Post-independence South Sudan: the challenges ahead. ISPI-ISTITUTO PER GU STUDI DI POLITICA INTERNAZIONALE. February 2012.no.46.
The Republic of South Sudan is a landlocked country in northeast Africa. After multiple internal conflicts in Sudan, it gained its independence in 2011 following a referendum in the region controlled by the Autonomous Government of Southern Sud...
Deeb, S. E. (2011). North Sudan faces its likely truncated future. Associate Press , 1.
South Sudan gained its independence as one of the most fragile and underdeveloped countries in the world and failed to invest in adequate education for its people. “Children have been pulled out of school and the UN estimates there are at least 9,000 child soldiers that have been recruited into the current conflict on both sides.” (Freccia, 2014) South Sudan is one poorest countries in the world. A crisis fueled by years of chronic underdevelopment and decades of fighting have been devastating on the population of South Sudan to include: One in seven women die in childbirth, eighty-four percent of women are illiterate, half the population has no access to improved sources of drinking water, one in nine children will not live to see their fifth
Prendergast, John. “Blood Money for Sudan: The World Bank and the IMF to the Rescue”. Africa Today. 1989.
Bureau of African Affairs, (2012, January 12) Sudan, U.S. Department of State, Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5424.htm
Natsios, A. S. (2012). Sudan, South Sudan, and Darfur: what everyone needs to know. Oxford: Oxford University Press.