Investigating Rate of Reaction between Iodide ions and Peroxodisulphate ions with respect to Temperature and use of a Catalyst Introduction The aim of this experiment was to investigate the affect of the use of a catalyst and temperature on the rate of reaction while keeping all the other factors that affect the reaction rate constant. In the reaction, potassium peroxodisulphate and potassium iodide will be used to provide the peroxodisulphate ions and iodide ions respectively. The ionic formula for
rate. This reaction involves the oxidation of iodide ions to iodine molecules which are soluble in water and are visible as a pale brown clear solution. The formation of the iodine can easily be detected because all other species in the reaction mixture are colourless. The addition of starch to the reaction mixture further enhances the colour change by forming a dark blue-black complex with the iodine. The overall ionic equation is: (the spectator ions K+ have been left out to see the electron transfer
PLANNING Investigating the Kinetics of the reaction between Iodide ions and Peroxodisulphate (VI) ions By the use of an Iodine clock reaction I hope to obtain the length of time taken for Iodine ions (in potassium iodide) to react fully with Peroxodisulphate ions (in potassium Peroxodisulphate). I will do three sets of experiments changing first the concentration of iodide ions, then the concentration of Peroxodisulphate ions and finally the temperature of the solution in which the reaction is
and it is a reaction between acidified hydrogen peroxide and potassium iodide: 2H+(aq) + 2I¯ (aq) + H[-1] 2O2 (l) ÕI2 (aq) + 2H2O2 (aq) Iodide ions are firstly oxidised by the hydrogen peroxide, as shown in the above equation. The iodine that is then produced reacts immediately reacts with thiosulphate ions as follows: I2 (aq) + 2Na2S2O3 (aq) Õ 2NaI (aq) + Na2S406 (aq) As soon as all of the thiosulphate ions have reacted with the iodine, the excess iodine molecules react with the
When ionic solids dissolve, they divide to give their positive and negative ions that make up the solids. These ions become hydrates and have the same relative proportions when in solution and when solid. The more the solid dissolves, the more the ion’s concentration increases. This increase and build-up allows for the reverse reaction to occur. In this phase of the reaction the ions crystallise out in order for the reaction to have a greater chance of occurring. Eventually the rate of dissolving
electrons to become negative ions. The FIRST ELECTRON AFFINITY of an element is the ENTHALPY CHANGE WHEN ONE MOLE OF GASEOUS ATOMS GAINS ELECTRONS TO FORM ONE MOLE OF GASEOUS IONS. Electron affinity DECREASES as you DESCEND the group VII: F à 333kJ Cl à 346kJ of energy is released for every one mole of F/Cl/Br/I Br à 324kJ atoms changing to a mole of F/Cl/Br/I ions. I à 295kJ This trend can be explained by the fact that as you descend the group, the X- ion becomes less stable and
we utilized the ability for the iodide ion to become oxidized by the persulphate ion. Our general reaction can be described as: (NH4)2S2O8 + 2KI Ã I2 + (NH4)2SO4 + K2SO4 (1a) However, we know that in an aqueous solution, all of these compounds except iodine will dissociate into their ionic components. Thus we can rewrite the equation in a more convenient manner: S2O82- + 2I- Ã I2 + 2SO42- (1b) It is important however to note that the NH4 and K ions are still in the solution, they
unknown anion A in Silver Nitrate then it will turn a strong cloudy white because unknown anion A is Potassium Iodide and if we were to cover unknown anion B in Barium chloride then it will go from a transparent aqua/blue to a cloudy light blue because unknown anion B is Copper Sulphate. It is rational to say that we believe the 2 unknown cations are Sodium and Copper while the anions are Iodide and
5. Reb Hirschl – Reb Hirschl was a Jewish man whom played the clarinet. He had been put in Lubliner ghetto, but escaped into the city and then into the wilderness. When he escaped, he had been drunk and saw that there were no guards at the front gate and went for it, successfully escaping the city. Soon after, he fell out of tree and met Anna. She wanted him to play his clarinet, but his only reed was cracked so instead he hummed the music. Reb Hirschl was one to laugh often, unlike the Swallow Man
membranes are of special interest to us. This is because they have a number of important functions. Proteins function as: • Carriers for water-soluble molecules (such as glucose) • Channels for ions (such as sodium and chloride ions) • Pumps, which use energy to move water-soluble molecules and ions • Receptors, which enable hormones and nerve transmitters to bind to specific cells • Recognition sites, which identify a cell as being of a particular type • Enzymes, which speed up chemical
Percent Composition Lab Introduction The percentage of something is very important in everyday life. For example, a farmer would want to know the percentage of nutrients in a fertilizer they are using. In spring, the farmer may want to use a fertilizer that has a high percentage of nitrogen, because it "greens” plants. In the fall, the farmer may want to use a fertilizer that has a higher percentage of potassium, because it strengthens the root systems of plants. A way to find the percentage of nutrients
Hydration energies increase with increasing charge and decreasing anion size. As with cations, if the interaction between the anion and the hydrogen of the water is sufficiently strong, the hydrogen can be removed from the water generating a hydroxide ion resulting in a basic solution. MOxy- + H2O [MO(x-1)OH](y-1)- + OH- The equilibrium constant for this reaction is the base ionization constant, Kb. Base ionization constants are tabulated as pKbs. Successive ionizations are listed as pKb1, pKb2
Investigating Temperature Change when Different Volumes of Acid and Alkali are Mixed Prediction ========== My prediction is that the biggest temperature change will be when there are equal amounts of H+ ions and OH-, this is because create an optimum mixture for the ions to neutralise each other. Apparatus ========= v Empty plastic yoghurt cup v thermometer v Hydrochloric Acid v Sodium Hydroxide v Two measuring cylinders [IMAGE] Diagram =======
Qualitative Analysis Purpose: In this lab, we would tests the ions of Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+, and enable each to be identified separately. And by using these observations, we could also identify an unknown. We also would tests the ions of SO42-, CO32-, Cl-, and I-, that also enable each to be identified separately, and to be use to identify the unknown. Safety: Chemicals include toxic. Remember to wash hands after the experiment. Procedure Summary; Part I - Qualitative Analysis
Properties of Ionic and Covalent Bonds Explained Within the last unit of Chemistry, the cause of ionic and covalent properties was revealed. The true predictor of the compound lies in the bonds that take place. Normally within an ionic bond there is a non-metal and a metal element bonded together. During the bonding elements completely transfer valence electrons between atoms. The metal within the bond loses the few electrons that it has in the outer-most shell which then causes the metal to
What does happen when you mix vinegar and baking soda? While your immediate answer may be "it fizzes and turns white" there is much science behind the concept. You will find that what it "looks like" is not nearly everything behind what really happens. Baking soda and vinegar form a completely different compound (when two or more elements combine; broken down by chemical changes like adding energy as heat or an electric current), which has it’s own properties. From the particle model of matter to
electrons in its outer valance, thus contributes to its conductivity and the continuous flow of energy. Ionic compounds are usually formed by a bond with the metal groups and carries a negative charge; can also consist of polyatomic ions. Positive cations and negative ions remain bonded together by their electrical charges. Crystals with ionic properties, such as sodium chloride completely dissociates in water. Thus, ionic compound form crystal, they have a high melting point and known to dissolve evenly
Pervious concrete is different from the conventional concrete. It is defined as “no fines concrete”. The pervious concrete mix contains very little or practically no fine aggregate. Pervious concrete which is also known as the no-fines, porous, gap graded, and porous concrete and enhance porosity concrete has been found to be a reliable storm water management tool. By definition, pervious concrete is a mixture of gravel or granite stone, cement, water, little to no sand (fine aggregate) with or without
Cosmetology is the study of hair and application of beauty treatment. It involves things such as the chemicals cosmetologist use in your hair and on your face. The central products used are shampoo, hair dye, perms, and make up. It also plays an important aspect in our everyday lives. It is fundamental to understand how important cosmetology is in chemistry. Standard 1 Element d For example, we use hair dye for our hair. It’s a chemical product that is used in chemistry. The chemical name is hydrogen
The Element Gold Discipline: Chemistry I am going to discuss about the element known as gold in my assignment. To describe the element gold in simple terms, I can only say that it is an element (chemical element). This element is denoted by the symbol Au. It has an atomic number of seventy nine (79). I will describe quite a number of things concerning gold as an element. To begin with is: Physical properties Gold contains several properties that are visible through the human eye. It is these properties