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Is the scientific revolution hostile to religion
An Essay about the scientific method
An Essay about the scientific method
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The Scientific Era brought out the greatest theories, ideas, and experiments that have transformed science itself. Budding new scientists with fresh minds, and a heart for science, wanting to give it a new beginning. A new beginning that would change the processes, the thought, and the experimentation.
The first scientist that lit this spark, was Francis Bacon. He devised a logical procedure for gathering information and testing theories. Francis created the scientific method. This new order of steps was the building blocks that made new scientific discoveries possible.
There were multiple scientists that followed Francis Bacon that achieved accomplishments in math, science, anatomy, and astronomy. Francois Viete put his thoughts towards math and was the first to use letters to represent unknown quantities. He invented trigonometry, a new form of math. However, the theories were what made the largest impact.
Copernicus was the first man in this time frame to study astronomy and enforce a new idea. The heliocentric theory. In the beginning, people believed in the geocentric theory. To the naked eye, the Earth didn’t appear as if it was moving. It looked as if the sun, stars, and planets revolved around the earth, making it the center of the universe. The geocentric theory was supported by the church and the people. When Copernicus introduced heliocentrism, it was unsettling. The church did not approve. If this theory was proven correct, their games and manipulation would come to an end.
Johannes Kepler proved Copernicus correct. He found that the planets and the Earth revolve around the sun and he proved it mathematically. Kepler proved that the planets orbit around the sun was elliptical. In 1615, he completed the first of th...
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...of modern medicine. One of the largest impacts however was on the church.
The church was the largest negative effect of the revolution. New ideas toyed with people’s spiritual beliefs and shattered faith and trust in both God and the church. The world was reset to an idea of logical thinking, not faith or inspiration. It was the loss of a personal, caring God. Growing up with the church and its teaching, than discovering it was all wrong, lead people down different paths. New religions and ideas of God were spread across the world as the Roman Catholic Church slowly began to die out.
Based on the new theories, experiments, and the processes, the Scientific Revolution brought on a positive transformation that changed technology, science, medicine, and astronomy. Thanks to this Era, the world was given a fresh start, a new beginning that made daily life worth living.
First of all, what Copernicus was trying to say about Orbit and the Earth that
Henry, John. (2001). The scientific revolution and the origins of modern science. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Publishing
Have you ever wondered who discovered that the sun is the center of our universe? If so, the answer is Nicolai Copernicus. This man was a well-respected as well as well educated man. He explored many different subjects including mathematics, medicine, canon law, and his favorite astronomy. The Earth-centered universe of Aristotle and Ptolemy were Western thinking for almost 2000 years until the 16th century when Copernicus proposed his theory.
The scientific revolution can be considered one of the biggest turning points in European history. Because of new scientific ideas and theories, a new dawn of thinking and questioning of natural elements had evolved. Scientific revolution thinkers such as Newton, Galileo, and Copernicus all saw nature as unknowable and wanted to separate myths from reality. During the scientific revolution during mid 1500-late 1600s, key figures such as Isaac Newton and Nicolaus Copernicus greatly impacted Europe in terms of astronomical discoveries, scientific methods, and the questioning of God to challenge the church’s teachings.
The revolution led to new theories and advances in the social, economic, and science areas which helped change the world in a short period of time. There were both positive and negative effects on society and the economy, but the positive outweighed the negative. Many jobs were created, better and more efficient means of transportation were invented, which allowed new areas to be reached and
In 1543 Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish Canon, published “On the Revolution of the Celestial Orbs”. The popular view is that Copernicus discovered that the earth revolves around the sun. The notion is as old as the ancient Greeks however. This work was entrusted by Copernicus to Osiander, a staunch Protestant who though the book would most likely be condemned and, as a result, the book would be condemned. Osiander therefore wrote a preface to the book, in which heliocentrism was presented only as a theory which would account for the movements of the planets more simply than geocentrism did, one that was not meant to be a definitive description of the heavens--something Copernicus did not intend. The preface was unsigned, and everyone took it to be the author’s. That Copernicus believed the helioocentric theory to be a true description of reality went largely unnoticed. In addition to the preface, this was partly because he still made reassuring use of Ptolemy's cycles and epicycles; he also borrowed from Aristotle the notion that the planets must move in circles because that is the only perfect form of motion.
Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer and mathematician ho discovered that planetary motion is elliptical. Early in his life, Kepler wanted to prove that the universe obeyed Platonistic mathematical relationships, such as the planetary orbits were circular and at distances from the sun proportional to the Platonic solids (see paragraph below). However, when his friend the astronomer Tycho Brahe died, he gave Kepler his immense collection of astronomical observations. After years of studying these observations, Kepler realized that his previous thought about planetary motion were wrong, and he came up with his three laws of planetary motion. Unfortunately, he did not have a unifying theory for these laws. This had to until Newton formulated his laws of gravity and motion.
Francis Bacon ~ used the scientific method to conduct experiments, he is known as a father of modern science for this.
The Scientific revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries changed the way that people views the world. Scientific philosophers such as Galileo and Descartes threw out the old teachings of the church and challenged them with new ways of thinking. These men sought to prove that rational thought could prove the existence of God. They also challenged that it was an understanding of a series of rational thoughts, not faith, would bring understanding of how the world worked. Traditional ways of thinking were ultimately challenged by logical and sensible rationale.
The model that everyone believed in back then was called the geocentric model. They thought that the Earth was the center of the universe because it was basically the “greatest”. Then Galileo discovered that the sun was actually the center, and the Earth moved around it. The people were not very happy when Galileo told them this, because they strongly believed in the Geocentric model. They then had Galileo go to trial to prove his theory. He in fact won the trial and we now believe in the heliocentric model today( Paul Halsall, July 1998). The trial actually said, “ That the Sun is the centre of the universe and doth not move from his place is a proposition absurd and false in philosophy, and formerly heretical; being expressly contrary to Holy Writ: That the Earth is not the centre of the universe nor immovable, but that it moves, even with a diurnal motion” This proves that Galileo did prove his theory, and changed the way we see the solar system
As Europe began to move out of the Renaissance, it brought with it many of the beliefs of that era. The continent now carried a questioning spirit and was eager for more to study and learn. Throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, many discoveries were made in subjects all across the realm of science, but it was the doubting and testing of old traditions and authorities that truly made this time into a revolution. The Scientific Revolution challenged the authority of the past by changing the view of nature from a mysterious entity to a study of mathematics, looking to scientific research instead of the Church, and teaching that there was much knowledge of science left to be discovered.
The revolution brought about many radical changes and ideas that helped to strengthen it and the scientists that helped to bring it about became significant persons in history. "The emergence of a scientific community is one of the distinguishing marks of the Scientific Revolution."2 It was this form of community that gave a foundation for open thinking and observing throughout the sixteenth century and through twenty-first century. It was the first revolution that had more of a dedication to the ongoing process of science than of a goal to achieve scientific knowledge.3
middle of paper ... ... Lindberg, David C. Reappraisals of the Scientific Revolution. Eds. David C. Lindberg and Robert S. Westman.
The changes produced during the Scientific Revolution were not rapid but developed slowly and in an experimental way. Although its effects were highly influential, the forerunners Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Francis Bacon, and Rene Descartes only had a few hundred followers. Each pioneered unique ideas that challenged the current views of human beingsí relationship with nature. With the backing of empirical observation and mathematical proof, these ideas slowly gained acceptance. As a result, the operation of society, along with prior grounds for faith were reconsidered. Their ideas promoted change and reform for humansí well-being on earth.
In conclusion, the scientific revolution brought dramatic change in the way people lived their lives, and it certainly influenced eighteenth century free-thinking. The scientific method was comprehensively utilized during the eighteenth century to study human behavior and societies. It enabled scientist and scholars alike to exercise their freedom of rationality so they could come to their own conclusions about religion and humanity as a whole. They could finally do so without having to defer to the dictates of established authorities.