In November of 2006, 54 percent of the voters in California passed what was known as Proposition 84. Proposition 84, otherwise known as, the Safe Drinking Water Bond Act, “Authorizes $5,388,000,000 in general obligation bonds to fund projects relating to water quality, supply, flood control, waterway and natural resource protection, water pollution and contamination control, state and local park improvements, public access to natural resources and conservations efforts” (Kerns).
With that being said, the $5.4 billion dollars delegated from the general obligation bonds will be divided up among special interest water programs (Bond Accountability). According to the proposal, about $1.5 million dollars will be used for water quality assurance.
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Meanwhile, the Kimball Petition Management Company was paid over a billion dollars to collect signatures. Even though there were enough signatures collected, the passing of any initiative is going to be surround with issues. Proposition 84 was presented with an ongoing battle for supporters. With that being said, there were many arguments from those in favor and those against proposition 84. The initial argument in favor of the proposition mentioned the fact that California is already a huge state, population wise, and is continuously growing. This growth is scary in terms of water use. The proposition states that it wants to protect the quality of the water we drink, by assuring that it is chemical and contamination free. Not only that, but the argument states that California needs a reliable water supply, and this measure is said to provide California with the ability to do so. Those who were supporters of the initiative included; Mark Burget, Larry Wilson, the Chair on the Board of Firectors for the Santa Clara Valley Water district, Richard Brown, who was a Professor at the School of Public Health, Erich Pfuehlet, the Director of Clean Water Action, Jeff Kightlinger, a Manager of Metropolitan Water District and lastly, Kaitlin Gaffney, the Conservation Director of Ocean …show more content…
These areas may include eligibility of private water companies, because the proposition does not specify if the private water companies are eligible for grants and loans to maintain water quality. Also, the flood control projects are a concern, because again the measure does not state whether the funding is obtainable for any flood control project statewide. In addition, further legislative guidance may be needed for Greening Projects, Storm water Contaminations, Groundwater Contaminations and administrative costs. “Proposition 84 caps administrative costs at 5 percent of funds allocated to any program, however, it does not provide a definition of a program or a definition for what is to be included in the administrative costs” (Proposition 84). Other than an implementation of legislation, there are other impacts of the measure that will be placed on the state and local governments. These main impacts include, the actual Annual Bond Costs, the Property taxes, and additional operational costs. Bond costs will be paid over a period of 30 years, and the interest rate on average would be about 5%, therefore, the $5.4 billion dollars would actually total out to be $10.5 billion dollars, after the interest rate. Thus, in order to pay off the bonds, the average payment would be about $350 million dollars per
Going forward, the Court of Appeal’s decision in Garetson Brothers v. American Warrior will stand for the proposition that Kansas water laws mean what they say. Rather than consider any economic considerations, the only relevant factors will be who has the senior water right and whether an impairment has occurred. As groundwater becomes scarcer in Kansas, senior water users will likely find that Kansas laws will serve to protect their use over any junior water
The first of the Progressive amendments is the 16th Amendment. Approved by the Senate in 1909, it introduced the graduated income tax where a person’s taxes increase relative to his or her income. Specifically, the tax charged 1 percent of incomes over $20,000 and a maximum of 7 percent on incomes over $500,000 (Walter Nugent, p.86). It was brought about after the 2 percent tax on incomes over $4,000 tariff in 1894, and was supported by President Taft, Southern and Western farmers, and the Progressives (Foner, p. 718). They believed respectively that the government should wean off obtaining money from tariffs, and that the income tax should fairly correlate to a person’s income. Moreover, it was believed that the amendment would ameliorate the drastic income disparity, and that it would provide the government with more revenue for its increasing state budgets.
Proposition 30 (prop 30 or SB11) is supported by the schools and local public safety protection Act of 2012. Prop 30 is a tax initiative led by California governor Jerry Brown. Prop 30 is aimed at reducing forecasted budget cuts to public schools also higher education, by increasing the California sales tax from 7.25% to 7.50%for the next four years. It also will create three new tax brackets for taxable incomes. Incomes exceeding $250,000, $300,000 and $500,000 will pay more in taxes for the next seven years. With the extra money being saved will go towards adding more classes for higher education students. Also to help reduce California’s state budget, prop 30 should raise $6 billion annually form raised taxes.
6th amendment: we should keep the 6th amendment to allow the people have the right of having assistance. The right to counsel protects all of us from being subjected to criminal prosecution in an unfair trial. This right is more important when the accused faces the death penalty. For example the case of Bradley Manning who was serving for U.S military was arrested for leaking information and aiding the enemy in Iraq and Afghanistan.” Recently, Manning’s defense attorney, David Coombs, filed a motion stating that Manning’s charges should be dismissed because his right to a speedy trial has been completely violated”. So the point is that he at least could defend himself by the information that he had. The importance of this amendment is that
Abraham Lincoln became the United States ' 16th President in 1861, delivering the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy in 1863. If there is a part of the United States History that best characterizes it, is the interminable fight for the Civil Rights. This he stated most movingly in dedicating the military cemetery at Gettysburg: "that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain--that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. "The Declaration of Independence states “All men are created equal”.
Section 1. of the Amendment XXVI of the Constitution of the United States (US) states that the right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age. Both houses of the Congress passed the amendment in March 1971.With thirty-eight states adopting it by July 1971; the 26th Amendment was ratified because the prerequisite for three-fourths of states approval had been achieved. President Nixon signed the amendment into law in the same year making the 26th constitutional amendment the quickest to ever be incorporated into the US Constitution. The amendment evoked diverse reactions amongst the public, with some saw it as a judicious
The Tenth Amendment was ratified along with the rest of the Bill of Rights on December 17th, 1791, as well, unlike most other amendments, it gave rights not only to the people, but also to the state governments. The Tenth Amendment was passed in order to delegate powers to the state governments and the people that the national government does not have, this amendment states, “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people”
Proposition 47, also known as the Safe Neighborhoods and Schools Act, is an act that applies savings towards mental health and drug treatment programs. It is extremely controversial and viral, with large amounts of support and protests. This piece of rhetoric is relevant and has a critical impact on our local community and state of California. As the Californian General Election Official Voter Guide states, the goal of Prop 47 is to “…ensure that prison spending is focused on violent and serious offenses, to maximize alternatives for non-serious, nonviolent crime, and to invest the savings generated from this act into prevention and support programs in K–12 schools, victim services, and mental health and drug treatment” (Bowen 70). This explains
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. This amendment is the 8th bill of rights in the constitution of the United States of America. The death penalty is a direct violation of the constitution of the United States, and should be deemed unlawful by the Supreme Court. Although the death penalty shows justice at avenging the death of the innocent, it is not cost effective by being ten times more expensive than a criminal spending life in prison, and it violates the 8th amendment in the Constitution of the United States which is the supreme law of the land.
The eighth amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishments. New Cutting edge technology carries with it the likelihood of new treatment for criminals. A fictional example of such technology is Ludovico treatment, which alters the consciousness of a criminal and makes them non-violent. The use of the Ludovico treatment on prisoners can be considered a cruel and unusual punishment and thus violate the eighth amendment. Even though this treatment may be technically unconstitutional, it would be allowed in the United States for the betterment of society.
“FERPA [Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act] essentially means you have no right, as a parent, to know what or how your children are doing in school.” Michele Willens says this in her article, “College Students Have Too Much Privacy” about the FERPA act that was passed in 1974. It was originally put in place to protect the privacy of students, but it also keeps information private from the student’s parents, or current gauardians. Because so many parents waste money on college students that might miss classes or even drop out without them knowing, the FERPA act needs to be reformed.
Proposition 36 The Real Truth As you might already be aware, there is a ballot initiative in this upcoming November’s election about drugs, and drug treatment. This measure is called Proposition 36. If this measure were to pass, state law would be changed, so that certain non-violent adult offenders who use or possess illegal drugs would receive drug treatment and supervision in the community, not prison. Right now, California is ranked number one in the nation for its rate of imprisonment for drug offenders. If Proposition 36 passes, California could become number one for its treatment of drug offenders.
---. “The Clean Water Act—Is it Successfully Reducing Water Pollution?- Final Draft.” UTSA: WRC 1023, 11 Apr 2014. Print.
The beginning of the millennium saw more steps to improve the River. Nonprofit organization such as FoLAR, Local, state and federal agencies all played key roles in determining the restoration plans for the Los Angeles River. Example of events include: California passed Proposition 13 (which embraces watershed protection), the city adopted the Revitalization Master Plan, the River is chosen for Federal Waters Pilot Program, the U.S. Army Corps of engineers recommends Alternative 20 (which is the most comprehensive restoration), and more. The River continues to improve as activists, citizens and government forces keep pushing through to restore it closer to its natural state. Below is a time line of events that highlight the River’s history.
Though the overreaching goal of H.R. 315 is to improve maternal health care in areas with the most need, there will be both positive and negative effects of the bill; especially on the providers. The short term positive effects of the bill is that it provides additional funding for HRSA to collect data and research about areas in high need of maternal health care. This additional funding will allow for the agency to utilize all the tools its need to be able provide accurate results so that health care discrepancies can be better found. Another short-term result of the bill is that it will help generate more jobs and openings in areas of high need. These will create more openings for health care practitioners to apply for. With