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Introduction of research methodology
Intro to research method
Intro to research method
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INTRODUCTION
This research aims at finding out basic research methods, principles and techniques in order to present them in a seminar entitled “The Role of Research in Marketing” that is going to be organized on 20 August 2010. For this reason, this study will collect data and information regarding research methods, principles and techniques from various sources, especially secondary sources. In this regard, this study taken into account various postulations made so far by the researchers, theorists and scholars.
Research, generally is the composition of the two words: ‘Re’ and ‘Search’, which means ‘again’ and ‘seek’ respectively. Hence, etymologically, research indicates the function of searching for a given phenomenon again. However, research does not include only the retest of the already-established theories but also means to seek new phenomena. In this sense, research can simply be defined as an enquiry into the given social or scientific issues and phenomena. Research, thus, is a process of seeking new phenomenon or retesting the already-established postulations in the logical and scientific way. But in deeper sense, research is logical and scientific approach to find out cause-effect relationship between variables.
In today’s cutthroat business world, research is a tool to find solutions to the problems seen in the organization and be capable of achieving overwhelming role in the market. To have a good understanding of the business or marketing status of the organization, the marketing research can be supportive. Marketing research is the process of identifying existing marketing scenario, demand and supply, competitors, products, problems and suggesting best option or approach to resolute them. Marketing rese...
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...umber of interviewees is 200 and out of it 10 samples have to be selected, then each in the 20th number should be selected. Multi-stage sampling is carried out in a number of stages, from whole city to a ward or part of the city.
Likewise, in non-probability sampling, there are chiefly three sampling methods: Convenience sampling, quota sampling and dimensional sampling. Convenience sampling is conducted as per the comfortable situation whereas the quota sampling is based on the quota system for the respondents. This means to say that if there is total population 200 and out of it 20 respondents have to be chosen, then quota should be determined in terms gender, education, occupation and the like. Just contrary to these two methods, dimensional sampling tries to involve all walks of social life or all categories representing distinct gender, class, age and so on.
Two sampling methods include mail surveys and convenience sampling, a variation of a nonprobability sample. Mail surveys, inexpensive way to contact individuals over a large geographical area, provide anonymity to the respondent, and eliminate interview bias. Convenience sampling, a nonprobability sample, the only criteria is the convenience of the unit to the researcher, fast and uncomplicated, but the sampling error not determined.
Research is a systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions and solve problems. The ultimate goal of research is to gain knowledge that would be useful to many people. The Tuskegee study was initially started to study the effects of untreated Syphilis for about six to nine months, followed by treatment phase which gained public interest and outcry from public which led to actions initiated by US federal. The knowledge and information gathered from the study was very small compared to the risk that the men and their family endured. The participants and the families got compensated after a lawsuit was filed, but the physical, emotional and mental damaged caused cannot be
Marketing research is the systematic design, collection, analysis, and reporting of data and its findings relevant to the specific marketing situation that a company faces (Kotler, 2012). By researching the motorcycle rider, Allstate is able to identify who they are and what they experience. In 2008, Allstate conducted a “Who’s Behind the Helmet” survey. They defined their qualifications as a motorcycle owner who is 18 years of age or older with an income of $50,000 or more. (Floyd, 2008). The 500 person sample size produced insightful and interesting details for Allstate. Jeff...
When conducting research, when is it conducive to use primary research over secondary research and vice versa? Both research techniques are viable and beneficial. They each have purpose and can be used as a marketing research template when conducting research. Both techniques are equipped with tools that can be used to guide a researcher through the research process. If these tools are properly adhered to, the research process can be seamless and quite effective. Moreover, market research can assist a researcher in making accurate decisions and improve the chance of success. This paper will explain the difference among research tools used in primary and secondary research. It will also depict the differences in primary and secondary research when using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Additionally, it will indicate which tools are used for each approach and why.
According to Merriam-Webster, research is defined as careful study done to report new knowledge on a topic. ("Research | Definition of research by merriam-webster," n.d.). Success in the field of Guidance and Counseling is dependent on accurate information. Counselors well versed in pertinent research make a strong impact on the clients. Counselors using research as a guide for intervention have a better understanding of the clients why and also the how to serve the client best.
Research is rendered as a tool to provide people with information and used to coincide with experimentation. “Basic research aims to expand the knowledge by formulating, evaluating, or expanding a theory” (Neutens, 2014), and
The main aim of this discussion is to discuss the main aspects that are very important in planning and implementing the activities of marketing in the global context. Once all the issues have been addressed, the organisation then needs to plan out the global marketing strategy. Marketing research is the core area of marketing, as the entire marketing strategies depends on how well the organization has conducted the research of the market. Mar...
Sekaran and Bougie (2011) stated that each member of population has a known zero probability to be selected as sample subjects. For this study, researcher used a probability sampling method where all the respondents in population have a probability to be chosen as a subject.
Research is systematic way to find out facts and knowledge as Kothari (2006) has analyzed that research is the pursuit of truth with the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment; the search for knowledge through objective and systematic method of finding solutions to a problem. However there are two types of researches one is by Purpose and other is by method. The type by purpose falls into three categorize such as Basic, Applied and Action Research.
Malhotra, N.K., 2002. Basic Marketing Research: A Decision-Making Approach. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.: Prentice Hall.
Briefly it is a systematic design, collection, analysis, and reporting of data and findings relevant to a specific marketing situation facing the company, allows management to make the changes necessary for better results through adopting a proactive approach. Therefore, if a company wants to know what type of products or services would be profitable it should make a market research. Furthermore, a comprehensive research will enable the company to know about the product imperfections (if there are) and to know if it has been able to satisfy customers’ needs. It attempts to provide accurate information that reflects a true state of affairs. Due to market research the company can formulate a viable marketing plan and estimate the success of its existing plan. There are two main sources of marketing research information:
As Chiromo 2006: 17 correctly points out, there are two types of sampling techniques namely probability and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling is the type of sampling that affords each member or unit of the population an equal choice of being included in the sample, (Clark 2006: 18). On the other hand in non-probability sampling, the units of the sample have an unknown chance of being included in the sample. Quantitative research uses both random and non-random sampling although there is usually a mistaken belief the non-random sampling is for qualitative research alone.
Research is an attempt to know new things, facts, information etc. in a scientific manner. L.V Redman and A.V .H Mory have stated “systematised effort to gain knowledge we call re-search.” The main function of research is to collect new facts, information etc and to establish new theories on the basis of these facts.
The Importance and Appropriateness of Utilizing Different Methodologies for Research. Introduction The process of research entails the logical as well as systematic search for useful data and information with regard to a specific topic (Jha, 2008). It is also comprised of the investigation of the best, most cost effective and appropriate solutions to both social and scientific issues, following an objective and logical analysis. Jha (2008) defines research as the search for knowledge and the discovery of the truth.
Research which is also known as the search for knowledge is an art of scientific search for specific information. According to Clifford Woody, the research includes defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis and suggested solutions, collecting, organising and evaluating data, making deductions and reaching conclusion and further testing whether the conclusion will fit into formulating hypothesis. Research Methodology is a scientific and systematic way of finding solution to a problem. In this research, researcher has studied various steps for research like problem along with the logic behind them. For this study, researcher must know various research techniques like mean, mode,